scholarly journals In Vivo Effects of Two In-Office Vital Tooth Bleaching Systems on Enamel Permeability

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Angelica Bertacci ◽  
Gianfranco Ulian ◽  
Daniele Moro ◽  
Stefano Chersoni ◽  
Giovanni Valdrè
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Tooth Sensitivity ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment ◽  
Enamel Structure ◽  
The Aesthetic

Tooth bleaching is a common treatment for the amelioration of the aesthetic of discoloured teeth. In this context, there are two common approaches that employ concentrated solutions (30–40 wt.%) of either hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide as bleaching agents. However, there is an ongoing debate on the possible adverse effects of these different treatments on tooth health, such as variation of the enamel structure, surface morphology, and chemistry, which also affect tooth sensitivity. In the present work, a study on the effect of the two bleaching agents, a 35 wt.% solution of hydrogen peroxide and a 30 wt.% solution of carbamide peroxide, on the permeability and surface morphology of enamel is reported. The investigation was carried out on replicas of incisors obtained after different treatment times and for several patients, employing scanning electron microscopy to study the morphological features of the treated teeth. The significance of the analytical study was corroborated by a statistical analysis of the results. The collected data suggest that hydrogen peroxide treatment increases the enamel permeability, and this could be related with tooth sensitivity, whereas the carbamide peroxide solution increases the formation of precipitates on the tooth enamel.

scholarly journals Combination of at-home and in-office bleaching techniques: case series

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Alvarez FERRETTI ◽  
Matheus KURY ◽  
Beatriz Curvello de MENDONÇA ◽  
Marcelo GIANNINI ◽  
Vanessa CAVALLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Tooth Sensitivity ◽  
Tooth Color ◽  
Shade Guide ◽  
At Home

ABSTRACT Tooth bleaching is one of the most conservative aesthetic techniques. At-home and in-office bleaching may be performed, as well as the combination of both techniques. As this combination may be done in different manners, distinct orders of combinations were proposed in this report. A 24 years-old man, whose upper central incisor and canine shades were A2 and A3 respectively, was initially treated by chair-side with 40-min application of 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP) for two sessions. Afterwards, an two-week overnight at-home bleaching was performed with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP). The shade of upper central incisors changed to 1M1 and canine was B1. Conversely, a 30 years-old woman was firstly conducted with at-home bleaching (overnight 4-weeks 10% CP) and, subsequently, with a single appointment of in-office bleaching for 45 minutes (35% HP). The shade of her upper central incisor changed from A1 to 0.5M1 and the upper canine from A3 to B1. The VITA classical (A1-D4) shade guide and VITA Bleached guide 3D-MASTER were used to determine the tooth color during the treatments. In both bleaching treatments, patients reported no significant tooth sensitivity and the final outcomes met their expectation.

scholarly journals Effects of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Administration on Dental Sensitivity during In-Office and At-Home Interventions

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giacomo Oldoini ◽  
Antonino Bruno ◽  
Anna Genovesi ◽  
Luca Parisi
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Amorphous Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Potassium Fluoride ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Casein Phosphopeptides ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
At Home

Background. Tooth bleaching is the most frequently employed whitening procedure in clinics. The major side effect of tooth bleaching is dental sensitivity during and after the treatment. Here, we evaluated whether the administration of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), during in-office and at-home procedures may impact on dental sensitivity. Methods. Eighty patients, responding to the study requirements were enrolled according to the following criteria. Group 1 (n = 40), received in-office, 10% ACP prior to 30% professional hydrogen peroxide application. The whitening procedure continued at home using 10% carbamide peroxide with 15% ACP for 15 days. Group 2 (n = 40) received only 30% hydrogen peroxide application and continued the whitening procedures at home, using 10% carbamide hydroxide, without ACP- Casein phosphopeptides (CPP), for 15 days. Dental sensitivity was recorded with a visual analogue scale (VAS) at baseline, immediately after, and at 15 days after treatment in the two groups. Results. We observed that patients receiving ACP in the bleaching mixture experienced decreased dental sensitivity (* p ≤ 0.05), as detected by VAS scale analysis immediately following the procedures. Patients receiving ACP-CPP during at-home procedures showed a statistically significant (*** p ≤ 0.0001) reduction of dental sensitivity. Conclusions. We demonstrated that ACP-CPP administration, while exerting the same whitening effects as in control subjects receiving potassium fluoride (PF), had an impact on the reduction of dental sensitivity, improving patient compliance.

scholarly journals In-Office Tooth Bleaching for Adolescents Using Hydrogen Peroxide-Based Gels: Clinical Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 720-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Leticia Leal Gonçalves ◽  
Antonio Carlos da Silva Tavares ◽  
Ana Carolina Costa da Mota ◽  
Luiz Alberto Plácido Penna ◽  
Alessandro Melo Deana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Tooth Sensitivity ◽  
Tooth Color ◽  
Bleaching Procedure ◽  
Shade Guide

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate colorimetric changes and tooth sensitivity in adolescents and young patients submitted to tooth bleaching with 20% and 35% hydrogen peroxide. A randomized, controlled, clinical trial was conducted with 53 patients aged 11 to 24 years who were allocated to groups based on the use of the following commercial products: Whiteness HP - FGM® (35% hydrogen peroxide); Whiteness HP Blue Calcium - FGM® (35% hydrogen peroxide); and Whiteness HP Blue Calcium - FGM® (20% hydrogen peroxide). After the bleaching procedure, the visual analog scale was used to measure tooth sensitivity and the Vita Classical Shade guide was used to determine changes in tooth color. Statistical analysis involved the Friedman, Kruskal-Wallis and Student-Newman-Keuls tests, with p≤0.05 considered indicative of statistical significance. The addition of calcium contributed to a reduction in tooth sensitivity, especially when the lower concentration of hydrogen peroxide (20%) was used. Tooth sensitivity occurred in a transitory way and did not influence the tooth bleaching process. Significant differences in color were found after each of the two bleaching sessions. In-office tooth bleaching was considered an effective method for adolescents and young adults. Further studies in this population are necessary in order to fully evaluate the effects of bleaching in young teeth.

scholarly journals Clinical evaluation of domestic dental whitening strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e35610514948
Author(s):  
João Victor Batista Soares Silva ◽  
Vitória Alves de Melo ◽  
Marlon Ferreira Dias ◽  
Paulo Cardoso Lins-Filho ◽  
Fábio Barbosa de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Tooth Sensitivity ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction ◽  
Gingival Irritation

Tooth bleaching has become the first clinical option in reversing chromatic changes. This study evaluated the efficiency of four different approaches for home-based chemically induced tooth whitening. 32 patients were randomly distributed into four groups (n=8), according to the bleaching technique performed: G1: control group – at-home dental bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide (Whiteness Perfect/FGM) delivered in a customized tray, G2: teeth whitening pen containing hydrogen peroxide (Walgreens), G3: night-time whitening gel (CVS) containing hydrogen peroxide and G4: whitening strips (3D White Oral B) containing 10% hydrogen peroxide. Chromatic changes (ΔE) were collected at baseline and at the middle and end of the treatment, using a digital spectrophotometer (EasyShade – Vita). Tooth sensitivity, gingival irritation, and degree of satisfaction were also recorded. The comparison between the average ΔE means, considering the final and initial values, revealed a statistically significant difference between the results obtained by G1 (ΔE2=11.65) and the other groups (ΔE2 of G2=4.38, G3=4.83 and G4 = 8.32). No significant difference was observed in the occurrence of tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation. The patients from G1 and G4 were more satisfied with the treatment outcome.

scholarly journals Comparação sobre a eficácia e sensibilidade dos diferentes tipos de clareamento dental: uma revisão de literatura

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e12810716516
Author(s):  
Maria Paula Novaes Camargo Manna ◽  
Rafaela Henriques Moreira ◽  
Yuri de Lima Medeiros ◽  
Isabella Silva Santos ◽  
Augusto de Sousa Lana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Dentin Sensitivity

Nos dias atuais, a estética do sorriso vem crescendo no mercado, visto que muitos consideram como parte do padrão de beleza desejável, o sorriso alinhado e os dentes brancos. Assim sendo, o clareamento dental constitui um dos procedimentos mais procurados e realizados pelos cirurgiões-dentistas, no quesito estética. Dessa forma, o cirurgião-dentista deve ter uma base sólida de conhecimento a respeito, para que faça uma avaliação clínica e o correto diagnóstico da estrutura dental, indicando a melhor técnica em cada caso. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura sobre os tipos de clareamento dental, comparando-os quanto à eficácia, em relação à alteração de cor, e quanto à sensibilidade, com buscas nas bases de dados, Pubmed, Scielo e Scopus, através dos descritores: Tooth bleaching; Carbamide peroxide; Hydrogen Peroxide; Dentin Sensitivity. Foram considerados elegíveis estudos em inglês, português ou espanhol, publicados entre 01/2006 a 05/2021. Assim, notou-se que as técnicas de clareamento são capazes de atingir os mesmos resultados quanto à mudança de cor, mas com variação no tempo e indicação. Quanto à sensibilidade, há uma tendência dessa ser maior, quando usado gel de maior concentração. Porém, já existem atualmente, géis clareadores contendo substâncias dessensibilizantes, e/ou protocolos que podem ser utilizados, para que se tenha uma redução da mesma. Além disso, quando realizada a técnica de clareamento caseiro, sugere-se dar preferência ao gel de Peróxido de Carbamida na menor concentração, uma vez que esse apresenta menor risco de desenvolvimento de sensibilidade dentária e é eficaz, se comparado às maiores concentrações.

scholarly journals Evaluation of morphological and chemical alterations in enamel, dentin and cementum after internal bleaching technique using different bleaching agents

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Nadia De Souza Ferreira ◽  
Paula Elaine Cardoso ◽  
Natalia Passos Ferreira ◽  
Amanda Costa Corocher ◽  
Isabela Ferreira Paulino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Sodium Perborate ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Organic Part ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
And Control ◽  
Scanning Electron

<p><strong>Objective</strong>: The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological and chemical alterations in enamel, dentin and cementum after internal bleaching using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS). <strong>Material and Methods:</strong> Seventy-two bovine incisor teeth were prepared, cut and bleached for 7 days as follows: HP: 35% hydrogen peroxide gel; HP+SP: 35% hydrogen peroxide gel + sodium perborate; CP: 37% carbamide peroxide gel; CP+SP: 37% carbamide peroxide gel + sodium perborate; SP: sodium perborate + water; and control: deionized water. The specimens were sectioned and prepared for morphological analysis under SEM and analysis of calcium, phosphorus, oxygen and carbon levels using EDS. <strong>Results</strong>: A significant reduction was found in the calcium levels in enamel after treatment with CP + SP and CP (p &lt; 0.05). Carbon (organic part) was hardly altered in enamel. A significant reduction in the calcium levels was found in dentin in Groups HP+SP, CP and CP+SP. Phosphorus levels increased after SP+H20 (p &lt; 0.05) and CP (p &lt; 0.05). Carbon levels showed little variation and the largest amount was found in Groups CP and CP+SP (p &lt; 0.05); in the other groups there was no alteration. A significant reduction in the calcium levels was found in the cementum in Group CP+SP (p &lt; 0.05). <strong>Conclusion</strong>: Alterations in the enamel, dentin and cementum compositions occurred after bleaching and these alterations showed to be less significant with sodium perborate and water.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Carbamide peroxide; Hydrogen peroxide; Scanning electron microscopy; Sodium perborate; Tooth bleaching.</p>

scholarly journals STUDY OF REMINERALIZING ACTIVITY OF DOSAGE FORMS FOR TREATMENT OF INITIAL ENAMEL CARIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-388
Author(s):  
A. L. Golovanenko ◽  
E. V. Tretyakova ◽  
E. S. Patlusova ◽  
I. V. Alekseeva ◽  
E. S. Berezina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Enamel Caries ◽  
Method Of Determination ◽  
Enamel Structure ◽  
Calcium And Phosphorus

One of the most promising areas of dental caries prophylaxis is remineralizing therapy aimed at normalizing the mineral composition of tooth enamel. As a result of a set of scientific, experimental and clinical studies, gels and drug films for the treatment of enamel caries have been developed.The aimof this work is to study remineralizing activity of dosage forms for the treatment of initial enamel caries.Materials and methods.As active pharmaceutical substances in dosage forms, calcium chloride (FS 42-0006-5675-04 P.003964.01), potassium phosphate disubstituted (FS 42-1297-79), sodium fluoride (PS.2.2.0013.15), auxiliary substances – gelling agent sodium-carboxymethylcellulose (sodium-CMC) C75 (TU 6-55-39-90), plasticizer glycerin (PS.2.2.0006.15), purified water (PS.2.2.0020.15) – have been used. Remineralizing activity was studied by the method of determination of calcium and phosphorus in the enamel ash in vitro. The study of remineralizing activity was carried out by the method of determination of calcium and phosphorus in the enamel ash in vitro. Quantitative determination of calcium was carried out by reverse complexometric titration, and the one of phosphorus was carried out by photoelectrocolorimetry. The electro-metric study of the enamel electrical conductivity was also carried out in vivo with the help of the Dentest device (Geosoft).Results and discussion. The method of determination of calcium and phosphorus in the enamel ash in vitro is based on tooth ashing and the subsequent determination of calcium and phosphorus in it by chemical and instrumental methods. Basing on the results obtained, it has been established that gel and drug films used for enamel caries treatment significantly increase the content of calcium and phosphorus in tooth enamel. The conducted electrometric study confirmed the increase in the hardness of the enamel structure due to its remineralization after the use of drug films.Conclusion. As a result of the studies conducted in vivo and in vitro, it has been established that the developed dosage forms have a remineralizing effect and can be recommended for increasing the effectiveness of prevention and treatment of the initial enamel caries.

scholarly journals Effect of Short- and Long-term Use of Home and In-Office Bleaching with Carbamide Peroxide and Hydrogen Peroxide on Bleaching with Carbamide Peroxide and Hydrogen Peroxide on Enamel Microhardness Enamel Microhardness

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazila Ameli ◽  
◽  
Niloofar Kianvash Rad ◽  
Farzane Nikpour ◽  
Raheb Ghorbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Tooth Bleaching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bleaching Agent ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Before And After ◽  
At Home

Bleaching is a well-known esthetic dental treatment performed to lighten the tooth shade. Among different cosmetic dental procedures, including direct and indirect tooth-colored restorations, bleaching is likely the most conservative approach. Bleaching has been accepted well by patients and proven as a safe and effective approach. Objective: Tooth bleaching can be conducted at home or in offices. This study was performed to compare the enamel microhardness before bleaching and one and eight weeks after the application of different bleaching agents. Methods: Forty human premolars were randomly divided into four groups, and their buccal surface underwent a Vickers microhardness test before and after bleaching. Bleaching was performed with 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP) in-office bleaching agent (n = 10), 15% HP at-home bleaching agent (n = 10), and 15% carbamide peroxide (CP) at-home bleaching agent (n = 10) for two weeks. Ten samples were stored in artificial saliva and set as the control group. The microhardness of the samples was measured again one and eight weeks after bleaching. Results: The microhardness significantly decreased in the four groups one week after bleaching. Conclusion: The enamel microhardness was temporarily decreased by in-office bleaching. However, the microhardness increased with time and returned to the baseline value. Although the enamel microhardness initially reduced, it increased eight weeks after 15% CP at-home bleaching agent was applied.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document