scholarly journals Pain Neuroscience Education for Children with Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders: A Randomized Comparative Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roselien Pas ◽  
Emma Rheel ◽  
Sophie Van Oosterwijck ◽  
Anthe Foubert ◽  
Robby De Pauw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Therapy Session ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Functional Abdominal Pain ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Neuroscience Education

This article explores the effectiveness of a newly developed Pain Neuroscience Education program for children (PNE4Kids) with functional abdominal pain disorder (FAPD). Children (6–12 years) with FAPD were randomly assigned to 1) the experimental group (n = 14), participating in one hypnotherapy session (i.e., usual care) and one additional PNE4Kids session, or 2) the control group (n = 14), participating in two hypnotherapy sessions. Parental pain catastrophizing, the child’s functional disability (parental-proxy), pain-related fear (parent-proxy) and pain intensity, were assessed at baseline and one and three weeks after each therapy session. Pressure algometry and a conditioned pain modulation paradigm were performed at baseline and three weeks after completion of the last therapy session. Parents from both the experimental as well as the control group showed significantly less parental pain catastrophizing (p < 0.01). Children showed significantly less functional disability (p < 0.05), pain-related fear (p < 0.01) and local pressure pain sensitivity (p < 0.05) at short-term follow-up (three weeks after last intervention) in both groups. No significant (p > 0.05) between-group differences were found. Hypnotherapy combined with PNE4Kids did not result in better clinical outcomes compared to hypnotherapy alone. Study limitations include the application of one single PNE4Kids session and the short follow-up time.

scholarly journals Does Social Exclusion Alter Sensory and Pain Thresholds in Children and Adolescents with Functional Abdominal Pain? – Results from a Preliminary Study

Pain Medicine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1472-1478
Author(s):  
Marco Daniel Gulewitsch ◽  
Aiste Jusyte ◽  
Katja Weimer ◽  
Michael Schönenberg
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Sensory Threshold ◽  
Functional Abdominal Pain ◽  
Pain Thresholds ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Objective Functional abdominal pain (AP) is a prevalent issue in childhood and adolescence. The contribution of psychosocial factors in the development and maintenance of this health problem is rather unclear, and experimental studies about underlying mechanisms are lacking. This study investigates whether experimentally induced social exclusion decreases sensory and pain thresholds in children suffering from AP. Subjects Twenty children/adolescents with AP and 22 healthy controls. Methods Children/adolescents participated in the Cyberball paradigm, which affects an experience of social exclusion. Thermal sensory and pain thresholds were measured before and after Cyberball. Results Children/adolescents with AP showed a divergent reaction regarding their sensory threshold after social exclusion: The control group exhibited a tendency toward a decreased sensory threshold whereas the AP group remained stable. Concerning the pain threshold, no effect of social exclusion could be identified. The increase of both thresholds (“numbing”) after Cyberball was positively correlated with symptoms of mental health issues. Conclusions This is the first study to investigate changes in sensory and pain thresholds following painful social interactions in a sample of children/adolescents with a chronic pain condition. Results suggest that AP and control children differ in their reaction of sensory thresholds, which might indicate an altered processing of social exclusion. Replication and further methodological improvements are needed.

Long-Term Follow-Up of Gut-Directed Hypnotherapy vs. Standard Care in Children With Functional Abdominal Pain or Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arine M Vlieger ◽  
Juliette M T M Rutten ◽  
Anita M A P Govers ◽  
Carla Frankenhuis ◽  
Marc A Benninga
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Functional Abdominal Pain ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Functional Abdominal Pain in Childhood: Background Studies and Recent Research Trends

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 413-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rona L Levy ◽  
Miranda AL van Tilburg
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Physical State ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Functional Abdominal Pain ◽  
The Past

The present review summarizes many of the major research trends investigated in the past five years regarding pediatric functional abdominal pain, and also summarizes the primary related findings from the authors’ research program. Specific areas discussed based on work within the authors’ group include familial illness patterns, genetics, traits, and mechanisms or processes related to abdominal pain. Topics covered from research published in the past five years include prevalence and cost, longitudinal follow-up, overlap with other disorders, etiology and mechanisms behind functional abdominal pain and treatment studies. It is hoped that findings from this work in abdominal pain will be interpreted as a framework for understanding the processes by which other pain phenomena and, more broadly, reactions to any physical state, can be developed and maintained in children. The present article concludes with recommendations for clinical practice and research.

758 Long Term Follow-up of Gut-Directed Hypnotherapy Versus Standard Care in Children With Functional Abdominal Pain or Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. S-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arine M. Vlieger ◽  
Juliette M. Rutten ◽  
Anita M. Govers ◽  
Carla Frankenhuis ◽  
Marc A. Benninga
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Functional Abdominal Pain ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Higher Prevalence of Obesity among Children with Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tut Galai ◽  
Hadar Moran-Lev ◽  
Shlomi Cohen ◽  
Amir Ben-Tov ◽  
Dina Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Functional Abdominal Pain ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Gastroenterology Unit

Abstract Background Functional abdominal pain (FAP) disorders are one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders in children. We aimed to define the association between obesity and functional abdominal pain (FAP) disorders and to assess differences between overweight/obese children and normal weight children with FAP disorders.Methods We conducted a retrospective study of children (2-18 years old) with a clinical diagnosis of FAP who were followed-up in our pediatric gastroenterology unit between 1/2016-10/2018. FAP disorders were defined according to the ROME IV criteria. Body mass index (BMI) percentiles were defined by CDC standards. Patients with BMIs ≥85% were designated as being overweight/obese. A healthy control group was obtained from the 2015-2016 Israel national health survey.Results Data from 173 children with FAP disorders (median age 11.5 years, 114 females) were included. Seventy-one children (41%) were classified as having abdominal pain-NOS, 67 (38.7%) as having irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and 35 (20.2%) has having functional dyspepsia. Fifty-three children (30.6%) were classified as being overweight/obese. Adolescents with FAP disorders had a significantly higher prevalence of overweight/obesity compared to controls (39.5% vs. 30%, respectively, p = 0.04). Overweight FAP children were older [12.4 (range 9.8-15.3) vs. 10.8 (7.4-14.1) years, p = 0.04] and had more hospitalizations due to FAP (20.8% vs. 7.6%, p = 0.01) compared to normal weight FAP children.Conclusions Children with FAP had higher prevalence of overweight/obesity compared to healthy controls. Future studies are warranted to raise awareness of weight issues in FAP and determine the effect of weight loss on FAP.

scholarly journals Understanding parents’ experiences of disease course and influencing factors: a 3-year follow-up qualitative study among parents of children with functional abdominal pain

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e037288
Author(s):  
Mette Brekke ◽  
Anne Brodwall
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Functional Abdominal Pain ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Southern Norway ◽  
Parents Experiences

ObjectiveFunctional abdominal pain is a common symptom in children and adolescents. Three years ago, we investigated the experiences among parents whose children had chronic abdominal pain but no somatic diagnosis. The aim of the present follow-up study was to explore those families’ current situations.DesignInterviews with open questions about the families’ current pain situations were carried out by the first author. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed, and subsequently analysed using descriptive content analysis.SettingUrban and rural areas in two municipalities in Southern Norway.ParticipantsParents of children with abdominal pain who had been referred to a local hospital by their general practitioner and had been discharged without a somatic diagnosis. Fifteen parents of 14 children aged 8–17 years who had also been interviewed in 2016.ResultsNine of the children had recovered from their abdominal pain. During the pain period, the parents reported frustration with not having a diagnosis nor a specific treatment for their child’s abdominal pain. The siblings in some families received less attention and were afraid that something serious might happen to their sister or brother. The parents wished that their child’s school cared more about the child when they had weeks of absence. All parents maintained that their child’s pain was physical, although they thought that psychological aspects might have influenced the symptoms. The parents stated that they, as well as their children, needed guidance from professionals to understand the complex pain situation.

scholarly journals Elevated fecal calprotectin is linked to psychosocial complexity in pediatric functional abdominal pain disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin L. Moorman ◽  
Michael Farrell ◽  
Neha Santucci ◽  
Lee Denson ◽  
Christine Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Functional Abdominal Pain ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Objective Children with functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPD) and clinical elevations in three risk areas (anxiety, functional disability, and pain) have been found to be at increased risk for persistent disability. We evaluated if the presence of these three risk factors corresponded with greater gastrointestinal inflammation (measured via fecal calprotectin; FC) compared to those with no risk factors. FC concentration differences between children with three risk factors and those with one and two risk factors were explored. Results Fifty-six children with FAPD (Mage = 12.23) completed measures of anxiety (Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders), disability (Functional Disability Inventory), and pain intensity (Numeric Rating Scale). Participants were stratified into risk groups (range: 0–3). Fisher’s exact tests were conducted to determine if children with three versus fewer risk factors were more likely to have elevated FC (≥ 50 µg/g) versus normal levels. Children with three risk factors (MFC = 86.04) were more likely to have elevated FC compared to children with zero (MFC = 25.78), one (MFC = 38.59), and two risk factors (MFC = 45.06; p’s < 0.05). Those with three risk factors had borderline elevated FC concentrations whereas those with fewer had normal FC concentrations. Findings suggest the importance of a biopsychosocial approach to help elucidate a FAPD phenotype.

scholarly journals An Intervention With Dance and Yoga for Girls With Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders (Just in TIME): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Philipson ◽  
Stefan Särnblad ◽  
Lars Ekstav ◽  
Mats Eriksson ◽  
Ulrika L Fagerberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Functional Abdominal Pain ◽  
Randomized Controlled

BACKGROUND Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) affect many children worldwide, predominantly girls, and cause considerable long-term negative consequences for individuals and society. Evidence-based and cost-effective treatments are therefore strongly needed. Physical activity has shown promising effects in the practical management of FAPDs. Dance and yoga are both popular activities that have been shown to provide significant psychological and pain-related benefits with minimal risk. The activities complement each other, in that dance involves dynamic, rhythmic physical activity, while yoga enhances relaxation and focus. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the effects of a dance and yoga intervention among girls aged 9 to 13 years with FAPDs. METHODS The study is a prospective randomized controlled trial among girls aged 9 to 13 years with functional abdominal pain, irritable bowel syndrome, or both. The target sample size was 150 girls randomized into 2 arms: an intervention arm that receives dance and yoga sessions twice weekly for 8 months and a control arm that receives standard care. Outcomes will be measured at baseline and after 4, 8, 12, and 24 months, and long-term follow-up will be conducted 5 years from baseline. Questionnaires, interviews, and biomarker measures, such as cortisol in saliva and fecal microbiota, will be used. The primary outcome is the proportion of girls in each group with reduced pain, as measured by the faces pain scale-revised in a pain diary, immediately after the intervention. Secondary outcomes are gastrointestinal symptoms, general health, mental health, stress, and physical activity. The study also includes qualitative evaluations and health economic analyses. This study was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Uppsala (No. 2016/082 1-2). RESULTS Data collection began in October 2016. The intervention has been performed in 3 periods from 2016 through 2019. The final 5-year follow-up is anticipated to be completed by fall 2023. CONCLUSIONS Cost-effective and easily accessible interventions are warranted to reduce the negative consequences arising from FAPDs in young girls. Physical activity is an effective strategy, but intervention studies are needed to better understand what types of activities facilitate regular participation in this target group. The Just in TIME (Try, Identify, Move, and Enjoy) study will provide insights regarding the effectiveness of dance and yoga and is anticipated to contribute to the challenging work of reducing the burden of FAPDs for young girls. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02920268); https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02920268 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/19748

Comparison of the efficacy of Acupuncture and Conventional Physiotherapy treatment in the management of SIJ dysfunction- A Randomised controlled trial (RCT)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganiyu Oluwaleke Sokunbi ◽  
Fatima Gujba Kachalla
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Conventional Physiotherapy ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background: The question of what form of non-invasive treatment is most effective for sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction has not been sufficiently addressed. The quality of evidence regarding the efficacy of a conservative treatment approach is low, and there is no evidence for sustained benefits.Objectives: To compare the efficacy of acupuncture and conventional physiotherapy in the management of pain and functional disability in patients with SIJ dysfunction.Methods: Forty women with SIJ dysfunction with a mean age of 29.3± 4.3 years participated in the study. Ten participants were randomised into each of three intervention groups (acupuncture (ACT); conventional physiotherapy (CPT); and acupuncture combined with conventional physiotherapy (ACPT)) and a control group (CG) (education and advice). Treatment interventions were provided three times a week for five weeks. The main outcome measures were pain intensity measured with visual analogue scale (VAS) and functional disability measured with Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). Assessments were carried out by an independent examiner before and after the intervention and at 3 months follow-up.Results: Baseline VAS and RMDQ scores did not show significant differences among the groups. After treatment, the participants in all the intervention groups had reduced pain scores on the VAS scale (ACT= 3.5±0.06, CPT =3.0±0.08 and ACPT=1.2±0.98) and improved function on RMDQ scores (ACT =7.0±1.53, CPT = 6.0±.01, ACPT = 3.0± 0.08) compared to those in the control group, who recorded 7.4±0.08 and 17.5± 4.32 for pain intensity and functional disability, respectively. However, pain reduction and improvement in function was greatest in the ACPT at the end of the 5-week treatment and at 3-month follow-up (VAS=1.0±0.04, RMDQ =2.0± 0.07) compared with the other intervention groups (VAS: ACT= 4.0±0.97, CPT = 3.5±1.00 and RMDQ: ACT=7.0±1.6, CPT=5.0±0.87). There was a significant difference in the pain scores on VAS (F =67.171, P=0.000) and functional disability on RMDQ scores (F=62.467, P=0.000) among the groups after 5 weeks of treatment and at 3-month post-treatment follow-up assessment VAS (F =79.903, P=0.000) and RMDQ (F =75.301, P=0.000), which was not present at the baseline.Conclusion: Findings from this study showed that acupuncture or conventional physiotherapy alone or in combination is more effective than advice and education. The combination of acupuncture and conventional therapy is more effective than both treatments alone.

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