scholarly journals Caffeine and Gastric Emptying Time in Very Preterm Neonates

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1676
Author(s):  
Antonios K. Gounaris ◽  
Ioanna N. Grivea ◽  
Maria Baltogianni ◽  
Eleni Gounari ◽  
George Antonogeorgos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Very Preterm ◽  
Caffeine Treatment ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gastric Emptying Time ◽  
Emptying Time

Background: Caffeine has been commonly used for prevention and treatment of apnea-related symptoms in premature infants. However, its side effects have not been thoroughly studied. We investigated whether caffeine affects gastric motility in very-preterm (VP) neonates. Methods: The study is a randomized crossover clinical trial. Twenty-two neonates with mean birth weight (BW) (standard deviation—SD) 1077 (229) g and mean gestational age (GA) (SD) 28.6 (2.1) weeks were recruited. Each neonate had its gastric emptying time checked twice with ultrasound assessment of changes in antral cross sectional area (ACSA). All neonates were sequentially allocated to the caffeine group (A) and the control group (B). Complications from the gastrointestinal tract were documented throughout the study. Results: Statistically significant difference was found with regards to the gastric emptying time [median, (range)] between caffeine and control group (p = 0.040). Additionally, in the neonates with BW 1000–1500 g and GA ≥ 28 weeks, the gastric emptying time (minutes) was significantly longer during caffeine treatment [44.5 (36–68.2)] and [40 (34.5–66.5)] respectively, as compared to the gastric emptying time during no caffeine treatment [27 (24.2–30)] (p = 0.002) and [27 (24.5–30)] (p = 0.001). The incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) complications was significantly greater in neonates receiving caffeine [6 (27.%)] as compared with those without caffeine treatment [1 (4.6%)] (p = 0.039). Conclusions: During caffeine treatment, a significantly delayed gastric emptying time was noted in all study neonates, especially in these with BW 1000–1500 g and those with GA ≥ 28 weeks. Further larger studies are necessary in order to confirm this interesting finding.

scholarly journals Influence of electroacupuncture on the points BP6 and E36 regarding gastric motility in Wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 1071
Author(s):  
Guilherme Albuquerque de Oliveira Cavalcanti ◽  
Marlete Brum Cleff ◽  
Fábio Da Silva e Silva ◽  
Luiz Filipe Dame Schuch ◽  
Marina De Mattos Ferrasso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orogastric Tube ◽  
Gastric Emptying Time ◽  
Emptying Time

The study aimed to evaluate by radiographic examination the action of electroacupuncture on gastric motility in experimental animals. We used 24 Wistar rats, three months old, that received five metallic spheres, via orogastric tube (OT), with 2mL of barium contrast, followed by treatments: electroacupuncture points E36 and BP6 (T1); electroacupuncture in stitches (T2); sterile distilled water OT (T3); metoclopramide OT (T4). After treatment, serial radiographs, hourly, were made to follow the gastric emptying time of the spheres in rats. By analyzing the time of exit of the first sphere, animals in the group T1 had an average of 3h30min; at T2 the average was higher 6 hours; in T3 was 5h18min, and T4 showed an average of 4h36min. The action of electroacupuncture was comparable to the action of metoclopramide, which is know to increase peristalsis, whereas the response of the Shan group (T2) was close to the negative control group. Considering the results it was concluded that electroacupuncture at points predetermined significantly increases gastric peristalsis, reducing gastric emptying time in rats, may be an option for the treatment of motility disorders.

scholarly journals Comparison of gastric emptying time after the ingestion of whisky with isocalorically-adjusted glucose solution

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Okabe ◽  
Hideo Terashima ◽  
Atsuhiro Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sugar Water ◽  
Gastric Emptying Time ◽  
Emptying Time

Abstract Background The gastric emptying of alcoholic beverages remains unclear because the current preoperative fasting guidelines state that clear fluids do not include alcohol, which has led to no information being available on the gastric emptying of alcoholic beverages, and inconsistent findings from previous studies. We demonstrated that liquid gastric emptying mainly depended on energy content, regardless of compositional differences. Therefore, we performed the present study to compare gastric emptying times between whisky mixed with water and sugar water with uniform energy contents and volumes. Methods As a crossover study, 10 healthy male volunteers ingested one of 3 test solutions with a uniform volume of 150 ml, i.e., whisky with water-containing whisky 30 ml (67 kcal), sugar water containing glucose 16.8 g (67 kcal), and water (0 kcal), and the gastric emptying time of each beverage was then assessed by ultrasound measurements of the gastric antral cross-sectional area. Results The gastric emptying pattern of whisky with water was faster than that of isocaloric sugar water, but slower than that of water. Each antral cross-sectional area 20, 30, and 40 min after the ingestion of sugar water was significantly higher than that of whisky with water. Antral cross-sectional areas 10 and 20 min after the ingestion of water were significantly lower than those of whisky with water. Conclusions The results of our study suggested that the gastric emptying time of whisky would be shorter than that of isocaloric glucose solution. Unlike the other beverages, the gastric emptying time of alcohol drinks does not purely depend on the energy content because alcohol itself has no calorie before absorption. The liquid gastric emptying of whisky will theoretically have the similar pattern to that of a calorie-free beverage; however, a slower rate than that of water was observed. Further investigations on the factors contributing to this delay are needed.

scholarly journals Fatigue and Associated Factors in Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Latvia

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (75) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
S. Šetlere ◽  
A. Abelsen ◽  
D. Pastare ◽  
A. Millers
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Neurological Disability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Background and objectives. Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to determine the presence of fatigue in MS patients in Latvia and its relation to lifestyle factors, neurological disability and depression. Material and methods. This cross-sectional study included 117 participants (44 patients with MS and 73 healthy control group). Applied research instruments were: Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the general questionnaire for the collection of socio-demographic, lifestyle habits and clinical data constructed for the purposes of this study. Results. Mean FSS score was 3,9±1,9 in MS group. 26 (59,1%) patients had FSS score of 3,8 or more and were classified as a fatigue group (MSF) while 18 (40,9%) patients had FSS of 3,7 or less and were classified as a non-fatigue (MSNF) group. There was statistically significant difference between MSF and MSNF groups considering PHQ9 score (p=0,019), FSS score (p<0,001) and EDSS score (p<0,001). Significant correlations of fatigue with depression (r=0,48, p=0,001), fatigue with neurological disability (r=0,49, p=0,001) and fatigue with smoking (r=0,29, p=0,054) were confirmed. Conclusions. Fatigue is a common symptom in MS patients in Latvia. This study supports significant association between fatigue and clinical factors (disability, depression) and modifiable lifestyle factor – smoking.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE COMMUNITY INTERVENTION TO PREVENT PREDIABETES IN CAU NGANG DISTRICT, TRA VINH PROVINCE

2011 ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
My Phuong Cao ◽  
Thanh Hue Dinh ◽  
Hai Thuy Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Study ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupation Group ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Behavior Index

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of prediabetes and evaluating the effectiveness of the community intervention to prevent prediabetes in Cau Ngang district, Tra Vinh province. Subjects and Method: People aged 45 years and older living in Cau Ngang district were researched by a cross – sectional study and a community – intervention study. Results and Discussion: The prediabetes prevalence with n = 2216 were 19.3%. The prevalence of subjects at the age of 65 and older seems greater than that of the 45 - <65 years-old group: 24.4% vs 16.9%. The prediabetes prevalence of Kinh group and Khmer group are 19.5% and 18.9% (p > 0.05) respectively. Levels of education are not probably relative with prediabetes. The physical occupation group has prediabetes prevalence of 17.6%, lower than that of the mental occupation group 18.9% and the non-occupation group 22.6% (p<0.05). The prediabetes prevalence in farmers of 16.6% seems greatly lower than the others. Religion is not likely to affect the prediabetes prevalence. After the community – intervention: The prediabetes prevalence of the intervened group is 13.2%, which is significantly smaller than that of the control group 16.2% (p < 0.05). The interventional efficiency is 32.7%. The prediabetes prevalence in the control group has not showed significant difference. There is a greatly positive change in the health behavior index of the intervened group. Conclusion: The prediabetes prevalence in Cau Ngang district is 19.3% (n=2216). Intervening in community to prevent prediabetes has showed a positive effect, with the interventional efficiency of 32.7%.

scholarly journals Gastric Volume Changes in Preterm Neonates during Intermittent and Continuous Feeding-GRV and Feeding Mode in Preterm Neonates

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Rozeta Sokou ◽  
Ioanna N. Grivea ◽  
Eleni Gounari ◽  
Polytimi Panagiotounakou ◽  
Maria Baltogianni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Volume ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Median Percentage ◽  
Feeding Mode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complications ◽  
Feeding Methods ◽  
Gastric Emptying Time ◽  
Emptying Time

Background: We aimed to evaluate gastric volume changes during intermittent milk feeds (IMF) and continuous milk feeds (CMF) in very premature neonates (VPN), with gastric residual volume (GRV) based on antral cross-sectional area (ACSA) measurements and to examine if there were differences in GRV between the two feeding methods. Methods: A randomized prospective clinical trial with crossover design was conducted in 31 preterm neonates (gestational age < 30 weeks). Gastric volume was assessed twice in each neonate (during IMF and CMF feeding), at 7 specific time points during a 2-h observation period by measuring ACSA changes via the ultrasound (U/S) method. Results: There was a significantly different pattern of gastric volume changes between the two feeding methods. GRV, expressed as the median percentage of ACSA measurement at 120 min relative to the higher ACSA measurement during IMF, was found to be 3% (range 0–25%) for IMF and 50% (range 15–80%) for CMF. Neonates fed with IMF had a shorter mean gastric emptying time compared to those fed with CMF (p = 0.0032). No signs of feeding intolerance were recorded in either group during the period of observation. Conclusions: Our results showed that gastric volume changes and gastric emptying time in VPN, based on ACSA measurement changes, depend on the milk feeding method. No gastrointestinal complications/adverse events were noted with GRV up to 80% with CMF.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Gastric Emptying Time of a Rice-Based Meal Using Serial Sonography

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Eun-Ah Cho ◽  
Mi Sung Kim ◽  
Yun Byeong Cha ◽  
Mi-Suk Lee ◽  
Taejong Song
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Preoperative Fasting ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Meal Intake ◽  
Gastric Emptying Time ◽  
Current Guidelines ◽  
Ultrasonographic Assessment ◽  
Emptying Time

The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the gastric emptying time of a rice-based meal by serial ultrasonography of the stomach. After baseline ultrasonographic assessment of ten fasted healthy volunteers, volunteers ingested standardized 420 g, 536 kcal rice-based meal (bibimbap), and serial evaluations were performed every hour until the stomach became empty. At baseline, all the participants had an empty stomach. The average time of complete gastric emptying of the rice-based meal was 5.8 ± 0.8 h (95% confidence interval (CI), 5.0 h to 6.5 h). Since the first postintake cross-sectional area (CSA) measurement, a decrease was observed, and CSA was maintained until postprandial 3–4 h (P>0.05). It declined rapidly 4 h after meal intake (P=0.031), reaching the nadir at approximately 6 h after meal intake. The gastric CSA and hunger score showed a positive correlation (correlation r = 0.616, P<0). The rice-based meal is emptied after 5.8 ± 0.8 h on average in healthy volunteers. Based on our results, 6.5 h (upper limit of CI) of fasting after the ingestion of a rice-based meal would be a safe preoperative fasting time, and this is in accordance with the current guidelines for preoperative fasting.

scholarly journals The Effect of Specific Oral Nutritional Supplements Compared to Tea with Sugar on Gastric Emptying Time, Blood Glucose Level, and Hunger Response in Healthy Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Stella Evangeline Bela ◽  
Luciana Budiati Sutanto ◽  
Jacob Pandelaki
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Gastric Emptying Time ◽  
Emptying Time

Introduction: The objective of this study was to compare gastric emptying time, hunger response, and blood glucose level after drinking specific oral nutritional supplements (S-ONS) to tea with sugar in healthy adults.Methods: This study was a clinical, parallel, random allocation, and single-blind trial. This study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta. The subjects were 12 healthy adults divided into 2 groups: intervention group (n = 6) and control group (n = 6). Patients in the intervention group received 200 mL S-ONS (200 kcal, 18% protein, 20% fat and 62% carbohydrate) and control group received 200 mL of tea with 10 grams of sugar (40 kcal). Gastric volume was measured using 2D-sonography every 30 minutes. Blood glucose level was measured using blood peripheral sample. Hunger response was measured using visual analog scale (VAS).Results: Gastric emptying time in the intervention group was <90 minutes, and in the control group <60 minutes. Blood glucose level was increased in the intervention group and decreased in control group. Hunger response was decreased in intervention group and increased in control group.Conclusion: Gastric emptying time after either drinking S-ONS and drinking tea with sugar in healthy adults subjects were less than 2 hours. Patients receiving S-ONS had significantly higher blood glucose level and were less hungry than the control group. 

Clinical-Reported Outcomes Of Deferoxamine Versus Deferasirox In The Treatment Of Homozygous BetaThalassemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeina A Munim Al-Thanoon ◽  
Zeina A Munim Al-Thanoon ◽  
Mustafa Basil ◽  
Nasih A Al-Kazzaz
Keyword(s):  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Iron Chelation ◽  
Iron Chelator ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Multiple Blood ◽  
Group 2

Iron chelation therapy with deferoxamine (DFO),the current standard for the treatment of iron overload in patients with betathalassemia,requires regular subcutaneous or intravenous infusions. This can lead to reduced quality of life and poor adherence,resulting in increased morbidity and mortality in iron-overloaded patients with beta-thalassemia. Deferasirox (DFX) is an orally administered iron chelator that has been approved for use in many countries. The requirement of an effective,well tolerated iron chelator with a less demanding mode of administration has led to the development of deferasirox. The present study was aimed to compare the satisfaction and compliance with deferoxamine versus deferasirox (Exjade®),a novel oral iron chelator in patients with transfusion - dependent beta- thalassemia. A cross-sectional,single-center investigation study was carried out in the Thalassemia Center of Ibn-Atheer Teaching Hospital in Nineveh province,Iraq. One hundred and eight thalassemic patients aged between 2- 20 years old having received multiple blood transfusions and a serum ferritin greater than 1500 ng/ml. Patients were randomised into two groups. Group 1 received deferoxamine at a dose of 20-50mg/kg/day and group 2 received deferasirox at the dose of 10-30 mg/kg/day. Another 56 apparently healthy volunteers were used as a control group. The assessment of chelation was done during the period between November 2013 and February 2014 by measurement of serum ferritin. Satisfaction and compliance was assessed by using a special questionnaire prepared by the researcher. Out of the 108 thalassemic patients enrolled there was no discontinuation in treatment with the two drugs under study. The serum ferritin did not change significantly in any of the chelation groups. In comparison with the patients who were treated with DFO,those receiving DFX reported a significantly higher rate of compliance and satisfaction (P < 0.05). However,no significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding their satisfaction (P > 0.05).Compliance with deferasirox (50 %) was more than that with deferoxamine (20 %). Satisfaction with deferoxamine was significantly lower than deferasirox (p= 0.00).

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