scholarly journals Fatigue and Associated Factors in Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Latvia

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (75) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
S. Šetlere ◽  
A. Abelsen ◽  
D. Pastare ◽  
A. Millers
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Neurological Disability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Background and objectives. Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to determine the presence of fatigue in MS patients in Latvia and its relation to lifestyle factors, neurological disability and depression. Material and methods. This cross-sectional study included 117 participants (44 patients with MS and 73 healthy control group). Applied research instruments were: Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the general questionnaire for the collection of socio-demographic, lifestyle habits and clinical data constructed for the purposes of this study. Results. Mean FSS score was 3,9±1,9 in MS group. 26 (59,1%) patients had FSS score of 3,8 or more and were classified as a fatigue group (MSF) while 18 (40,9%) patients had FSS of 3,7 or less and were classified as a non-fatigue (MSNF) group. There was statistically significant difference between MSF and MSNF groups considering PHQ9 score (p=0,019), FSS score (p<0,001) and EDSS score (p<0,001). Significant correlations of fatigue with depression (r=0,48, p=0,001), fatigue with neurological disability (r=0,49, p=0,001) and fatigue with smoking (r=0,29, p=0,054) were confirmed. Conclusions. Fatigue is a common symptom in MS patients in Latvia. This study supports significant association between fatigue and clinical factors (disability, depression) and modifiable lifestyle factor – smoking.

Multiple sclerosis patients and e-health system in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Foziah Alshamrani ◽  
Hind Alnajashi
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Purpose Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune neurological disease. Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are mainstay lifelong treatment with no immediate benefits observed. Adherence to treatment is necessary, however, non-adherence is common problem in MS patients. This paper aims to evaluate patient-related factors and satisfactions affecting medication adherence in Saudi MS patients and their rights to discontinue them against medical advice. Design/methodology/approach In total, 409 patients diagnosed with MS, using self-administered DMT (oral and injectable), were randomly enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Electronic questionnaire was used in data collection. Findings Most participants (71.1%) did not know about their MS type. Average age of participants when diagnosed with MS was 27.9 ± 8 years (range 7–69), mean disease duration was 8.1 ± 6.6. Most patients received injectable therapy 363 (88%). Overall adherence in our sample was 67%. Age of participants and duration of disease had no impact on treatment adherence. No significant differences found between genders, educational level, marital status, and smoking in relation to treatment adherence. Route of administration did not reach statistical significance despite a higher percentage of adherence reported in patients on oral DMT [33% (n = 15)] versus injectable therapy [29% (n = 104)]. Conversely, there was significant difference between adherent and non-adherent patients according to anxiety (p = 0.002) and family history of MS (p = 0.011). Originality/value The results revealed that the age of the participants and the duration of the disease had no impact on adherence to treatment.

Cognitive Functioning in Multiple Sclerosis

1969 ◽  
Vol 115 (524) ◽  
pp. 765-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Jambor
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

In previous studies the estimation of the incidence of intellectual changes in multiple sclerosis has varied from as low as 2 per cent. (Cottrell and Wilson, 1926) to as high as 72 per cent. (Ombredane, 1929). In order to establish the incidence accurately, the most satisfactory method would clearly be a long-term follow-up (covering lifetime) of a sample of multiple sclerosis patients. Any cross-sectional study would include patients in varying degrees of advancement of the disease, and patients found to be free of intellectual deficits at the time of investigation would not necessarily remain so. Also, the indirect psychometric assessment of intellectual loss is notoriously difficult, and the direct method of follow-up would give much more accurate results. The only direct study up to date has been that of Canter (1951), who found a highly significant (i.e. 13·48 points) loss on re-testing multiple sclerosis patients on the Army General Classification Test after a four-year period. Even after such a short period as six months he found slight losses on most Wechsler-Bellevue subtests, in contrast to an average gain of six full IQ points of the control group.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Month of Birth in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMSOD) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Omid Mirmosayyeb ◽  
Mahdi Barzegar ◽  
Alireza Afshari-Safavi ◽  
Nasim Nehzat ◽  
Afshin Heidari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Month Of Birth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Birth Month ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction. Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMO) are chronic immune-mediated diseases in the central nervous system (CNS). Environmental factors such as month of birth can be a trigger for these diseases. Therefore, we conducted this study to compare the months of birth in MS and NMOSD patients with the control group. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 2345 patients with MS, 220 NMOSD patients, and 2174 healthy subjects were enrolled. Demographic information such as age, sex, month of birth, and education in three groups was extracted from the database. The associations between month of birth and MS were studied by binary logistic regression with adjusting for the year of birth. Results. There was a reduced birth rate in September-October in NMOSD ( OR = 0.309 , 95% CI: 0.150-0.636; p < 0.001 ) and MS patients ( OR = 0.470 , 95% CI: 0.374-0.591; p < 0.001 ) compared to the general population. The birth rate in March-April in MS was higher than the control group ( OR = 1.613 , 95% CI: 1.324-1.964; p < 0.001 ). There was no difference in the birth month distribution between the NMOSD and MS patients. No significant difference in MOB among different MS types was found. Conclusion. Our findings showed a decreasing risk of NMOSD and MS in individuals born in the autumn months and an increasing MS risk in spring. More studies are required to elucidate the association between the month of birth and risk of MS and NMOSD and the seasonality factors.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE COMMUNITY INTERVENTION TO PREVENT PREDIABETES IN CAU NGANG DISTRICT, TRA VINH PROVINCE

2011 ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
My Phuong Cao ◽  
Thanh Hue Dinh ◽  
Hai Thuy Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Study ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupation Group ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Behavior Index

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of prediabetes and evaluating the effectiveness of the community intervention to prevent prediabetes in Cau Ngang district, Tra Vinh province. Subjects and Method: People aged 45 years and older living in Cau Ngang district were researched by a cross – sectional study and a community – intervention study. Results and Discussion: The prediabetes prevalence with n = 2216 were 19.3%. The prevalence of subjects at the age of 65 and older seems greater than that of the 45 - <65 years-old group: 24.4% vs 16.9%. The prediabetes prevalence of Kinh group and Khmer group are 19.5% and 18.9% (p > 0.05) respectively. Levels of education are not probably relative with prediabetes. The physical occupation group has prediabetes prevalence of 17.6%, lower than that of the mental occupation group 18.9% and the non-occupation group 22.6% (p<0.05). The prediabetes prevalence in farmers of 16.6% seems greatly lower than the others. Religion is not likely to affect the prediabetes prevalence. After the community – intervention: The prediabetes prevalence of the intervened group is 13.2%, which is significantly smaller than that of the control group 16.2% (p < 0.05). The interventional efficiency is 32.7%. The prediabetes prevalence in the control group has not showed significant difference. There is a greatly positive change in the health behavior index of the intervened group. Conclusion: The prediabetes prevalence in Cau Ngang district is 19.3% (n=2216). Intervening in community to prevent prediabetes has showed a positive effect, with the interventional efficiency of 32.7%.

Quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients in Spain

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 527-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
C-H Chang ◽  
D Cella ◽  
O Fernández ◽  
G Luque ◽  
P de Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Objective: The cross-sectional study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Functional Assessment of Multiple Sclerosis (FAMS) Spanish version and its use in measuring quality of life (QOL) of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in Spain. Methods: The FAMS is a factorially derived self-report scale designed to assess six primary aspects of QOL of patients with MS: Mobility, Symptoms, Emotional Well-Being, General Contentment, Thinking and Fatigue, and Family/Social Well-Being. Its Spanish translated version was used to assess QOL of 625 MS patients recruited in an outpatient clinic setting from 58 hospitals in Spain. Internal consistency of the Spanish FAMS was evaluated. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify significant predictors from demographic, clinical and treatment characteristics, and Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores in predicting FAMS scale scores. Results: Most of the patients are females (66%), and 74% were of the relapsing-remitting (RR) clinical subtype. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were high (range=0.78-0.96), indicating subscale homogeneity comparable to that of the original English version. Linear multivariate regression analyses revealed that the EDSS is a dominant variable in predicting all the FAMS subscales, especially mobility (R2=0.51) and the total scores. Conclusions: The Spanish FAMS is a psychometrically valid instrument that allows clinicians and clinical researchers the ability to measure the QOL concerns of MS patients in Spain.

Decreased soluble IFN-β receptor (sIFNAR2) in multiple sclerosis patients: A potential serum diagnostic biomarker

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 937-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Órpez-Zafra ◽  
Jose Pavía ◽  
Isaac Hurtado-Guerrero ◽  
Maria J Pinto-Medel ◽  
Jose Luis Rodriguez Bada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarker ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Β Receptor ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Background: The soluble isoform of the interferon-β (IFN-β) receptor (sIFNAR2) could modulate the activity of both endogenous and systemically administered IFN-β. Previously, we described lower serum sIFNAR2 levels in untreated multiple sclerosis (MS) than in healthy controls (HCs). Objective: To assess sIFNAR2 levels in a new cohort of MS patients and HCs, as well as in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and with other inflammatory neurological disorders (OIND) and to assess its ability as a diagnostic biomarker. Methods: The cross-sectional study included 148 MS (84 treatment naive and 64 treated), 87 CIS, 42 OIND, and 96 HCs. Longitudinal study included 94 MS pretreatment and after 1 year of therapy with IFN-β, glatiramer acetate (GA), or natalizumab. sIFNAR2 serum levels were measured by a quantitative ELISA developed and validated in our laboratory. Results: Naive MS and CIS patients showed significantly lower sIFNAR2 levels than HCs and OIND patients. The sensitivity and specificity to discriminate between MS and OIND, for a sIFNAR2 cutoff value of 122.02 ng/mL, were 70.1%, and 79.4%, respectively. sIFNAR2 increased significantly in IFN-β-treated patients during the first year of therapy in contrast to GA- and natalizumab-treated patients who showed non-significant changes. Conclusion: The results suggest that sIFNAR2 could be a potential diagnostic biomarker for MS.

scholarly journals Anolunula in Fingernails among Patients Infected with HIV

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Pratik Gahalaut ◽  
Nitin Mishra ◽  
Sandhya Chauhan ◽  
Mir Mubashir Ali ◽  
Madhur Kant Rastogi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hiv Negative

Lunula is the white, half-moon shaped area seen in proximal ends of some nails. Though a few studies have described the nail changes that can occur in association with HIV infection, none of these paid much attention to lunula. Aims and Objectives. To study the lunula in fingernails among HIV infected patients. Materials and Methods. An observational, cross-sectional study to record presence of lunula in 168 HIV-positive patients and compare it with age and sex matched 168 healthy HIV-negative control. Anolunula (absence of lunula) in HIV-positive patients was correlated with CD4 counts, stages of HIV infection, time since patient was diagnosed as HIV-positive, and status of antiretroviral therapy. Results. Anolunula was present in significantly more fingernails in HIV-positive patients compared to HIV-negative controls. There was a highly significant difference for total anolunula (anolunula in all fingernails) in study and control group. Incidence of total anolunula was directly proportional to the stage of HIV infection, increasing progressively as the HIV infection advances from stage 1 to stage 4. Conclusion. Absence of lunula is related to not only HIV infection per se but also the stages of HIV infection.

scholarly journals Variables associated with family breakdown in healthy and obese/ overweigh adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Carla Cristina J. N. de Almeida ◽  
Paula de Oliveira Mora ◽  
Valmir Aparecido de Oliveira ◽  
Camila Aparecida Joao ◽  
Carolina Regina Joao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Family Breakdown

Objective: To evaluate the presence of family breakdown factors among eutrophic and overweight/obese adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 242 students aged between 14 and 19 years old, from a public school. Each student was weighed, measured and answered a questionnaire with closed questions addressing the presence of family breakdown factors. The adolescents were divided in two groups: euthophic and overweight/obese. The answers of both groups were compared by Fisher's exact and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of the studied factors between the two groups. Comparing the number of positive answers (presence of family breakdown factors) and negative ones (absence of family breakdown factors), no difference was observed between the groups. Conclusions: The inclusion of a control group showed that factors of family breakdown, usually identified as associated with obesity in adolescents, may also be present in eutrophic adolescents.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF ASTHMAAND ITS MEDICATIONS ON DENTAL CARIES STATUS AND STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS COUNT IN CHILDREN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Sneha Upadhyay ◽  
Jyoti Bhavthankar ◽  
Mandakini Mandale ◽  
Nivedita Kaorey
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background: Asthma and its medications have been linked to oral diseases in asthmatic children. Aim: Assessment of the dental caries status, salivary Streptococcus mutans count and S. mutans colony score in children receiving inhaled anti asthmatic medications and their comparison in healthy children Material and Method: A cross-sectional study was performed on 40 asthmatic children and 40 healthy children in the age group of 6-14 years. DMFT/deft indices were calculated and saliva samples were collected. Diluted saliva was inoculated on MSB agar plates. S. mutans count and colony score were analysed after 24-48 hours of inoculation. Results: Statistically significant difference was observed in the mean DMFT/deft index, salivary S. mutans load and S. mutans colony score in children of the asthmatic group and control group. Conclusion: Prevalence of dental caries and cariogenic bacteria is higher in asthmatic children.

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