scholarly journals Accuracy Assessment of Molded, Patient-Specific Polymethylmethacrylate Craniofacial Implants Compared to Their 3D Printed Originals

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave Chamo ◽  
Bilal Msallem ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Soheila Aghlmandi ◽  
Christoph Kunz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Craniofacial Implants ◽  
Aided Design

The use of patient-specific implants (PSIs) in craniofacial surgery is often limited due to a lack of expertise and/or production costs. Therefore, a simple and cost-efficient template-based fabrication workflow has been developed to overcome these disadvantages. The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of PSIs made from their original templates. For a representative cranial defect (CRD) and a temporo-orbital defect (TOD), ten PSIs were made from polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) using computer-aided design (CAD) and three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. These customized implants were measured and compared with their original 3D printed templates. The implants for the CRD revealed a root mean square (RMS) value ranging from 1.128 to 0.469 mm with a median RMS (Q1 to Q3) of 0.574 (0.528 to 0.701) mm. Those for the TOD revealed an RMS value ranging from 1.079 to 0.630 mm with a median RMS (Q1 to Q3) of 0.843 (0.635 to 0.943) mm. This study demonstrates that a highly precise duplication of PSIs can be achieved using this template-molding workflow. Thus, virtually planned implants can be accurately transferred into haptic PSIs. This workflow appears to offer a sophisticated solution for craniofacial reconstruction and continues to prove itself in daily clinical practice.

scholarly journals Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint—impression free CAD/CAM based joint replacement using patient-specific implants

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
D G E Thiem ◽  
B Al-Nawas ◽  
P W Kämmerer
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Aided Design

Abstract In recent years, alloplastic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) replacement has become a permissible procedure for the reconstruction of severely destroyed TMJs. The use of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has extended the range of applications to complex anatomical situations. The aim of the treatment is to improve the usually restricted mouth opening and thus oral hygiene and nutrition, which leads to a regular improvement in the general quality of life. The following case report describes the bilateral replacement of ankylotically destroyed TMJs using patient-specific endoprostheses with simultaneous displacement of the maxilla. Innovative in the case described is the impression-free CAD/CAM planning, whereby the upper and lower prostheses were produced on the basis of 3D printed patient models.

Parametric geometry model design of a wingsuit

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-705
Author(s):  
Nazanin Ansari ◽  
Sybille Krzywinski
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Process Chain ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Geometry Model ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
2D Pattern ◽  
Aided Design

PurposeThis paper aims to introduce a process chain spanning from scanned data to computer-aided engineering and further required simulations up to the subsequent production. This approach has the potential to reduce production costs and accelerate the procedure.Design/methodology/approachA parametric computer-aided design (CAD) model of the flyer wearing a wingsuit is created enabling easy changes in its posture and the wingsuit geometry. The objective is to track the influence of geometry changes in a timely manner for following simulation scenarios.FindingsAt the final stage, the two-dimensional (2D) pattern cuts were derived from the developed three-dimensional (3D) wingsuit, and the results were compared with the conventional ones used in the first stages of the wingsuit development.Originality/valueProposing a virtual development process chain is challenging; apart from the fact that the CAD construction of a wingsuit flyer – in itself posing a complicated task – is required at a very early stage of the procedure.

scholarly journals Study of Morpho-Geometric Variables to Improve the Diagnosis in Keratoconus with Mild Visual Limitation

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Cavas-Martínez ◽  
Daniel Fernández-Pacheco ◽  
Francisco Cañavate ◽  
Jose Velázquez-Blázquez ◽  
Jose Bolarín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spatial Profile ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Geometric Variables ◽  
Aided Design

The validation of new methods for the diagnosis of incipient cases of Keratoconus (KC) with mild visual limitation is of great interest in the field of ophthalmology. During the asymmetric progression of the disease, the current diagnostic indexes do not record the geometric decompensation of the corneal curvature nor the variation of the spatial profile that occurs in singular points of the cornea. The purpose of this work is to determine the structural characterization of the asymmetry of the disease by using morpho-geometric parameters in KC eyes with mild visual limitation including using an analysis of a patient-specific virtual model with the aid of computer-aided design (CAD) tools. This comparative study included 80 eyes of patients classified as mild KC according to the degree of visual limitation and a control group of 122 eyes of normal patients. The metric with the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was the posterior apex deviation. The most prominent correlation was found between the anterior and posterior deviations of the thinnest point for the mild keratoconic cases. This new custom computational approach provides the clinician with a three-dimensional view of the corneal architecture when the visual loss starts to impair.

scholarly journals Accuracy and Safety of In-House Surgeon-Designed Three-Dimensional Printed Patient Specific Implants for Wafer-Less Le Fort I Osteotomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiu Yan LEUNG ◽  
Jasper Ka Chai LEUNG ◽  
Alvin Tsz Choi LI ◽  
Nathan En Zuo TEO ◽  
Karen Pui Yan LEUNG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthognathic Surgery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Le Fort I Osteotomy ◽  
Le Fort ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
Principal Axes ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Le Fort I

Abstract The design and fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) -printed patient-specific implants (PSIs) for orthognathic surgery are customarily outsourced to commercial companies. We propose a protocol of designing PSIs and surgical guides by orthognathic surgeons-in-charge instead for wafer-less Le Fort I osteotomy. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the accuracy and post-operative complications of PSIs that are designed in-house for Le Fort I osteotomy. The post-operative cone beam computer tomography (CBCT) model of the maxilla was superimposed to the virtual surgical planning to compare the discrepancies of pre-determined landmarks, lines and principal axes between the two models. Twenty-five patients (12 males, 13 females) were included. The median linear deviations of the post-operative maxilla of the x, y and z axes were 0.74 mm, 0.75 mm and 0.72 mm, respectively. The deviations in the principal axes for pitch, yaw and roll were 1.40°, 0.90° and 0.60°, respectively. There were no post-operative complications related to the PSIs in the follow-up period. The 3D-printed PSIs designed in-house for wafer-less Le Fort I osteotomy are accurate and safe. Its clinical outcomes and accuracy are comparable to commercial PSIs for orthognathic surgery.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional printing of a patient-specific engineered nasal cartilage for augmentative rhinoplasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204173141882479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee-Gyeong Yi ◽  
Yeong-Jin Choi ◽  
Jin Woo Jung ◽  
Jinah Jang ◽  
Tae-Ha Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Nasal Cartilage ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Autologous cartilages or synthetic nasal implants have been utilized in augmentative rhinoplasty to reconstruct the nasal shape for therapeutic and cosmetic purposes. Autologous cartilage is considered to be an ideal graft, but has drawbacks, such as limited cartilage source, requirements of additional surgery for obtaining autologous cartilage, and donor site morbidity. In contrast, synthetic nasal implants are abundantly available but have low biocompatibility than the autologous cartilages. Moreover, the currently used nasal cartilage grafts involve additional reshaping processes, by meticulous manual carving during surgery to fit the diverse nose shape of each patient. The final shapes of the manually tailored implants are highly dependent on the surgeons’ proficiency and often result in patient dissatisfaction and even undesired separation of the implant. This study describes a new process of rhinoplasty, which integrates three-dimensional printing and tissue engineering approaches. We established a serial procedure based on computer-aided design to generate a three-dimensional model of customized nasal implant, and the model was fabricated through three-dimensional printing. An engineered nasal cartilage implant was generated by injecting cartilage-derived hydrogel containing human adipose-derived stem cells into the implant containing the octahedral interior architecture. We observed remarkable expression levels of chondrogenic markers from the human adipose-derived stem cells grown in the engineered nasal cartilage with the cartilage-derived hydrogel. In addition, the engineered nasal cartilage, which was implanted into mouse subcutaneous region, exhibited maintenance of the exquisite shape and structure, and striking formation of the cartilaginous tissues for 12 weeks. We expect that the developed process, which combines computer-aided design, three-dimensional printing, and tissue-derived hydrogel, would be beneficial in generating implants of other types of tissue.

scholarly journals A Multi-Criteria Assessment Strategy for 3d Printed Porous Polyetheretherketone (Peek) Patient-Specific Implants for Orbital Wall Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Dennis Welker ◽  
Soheila Aghlmandi ◽  
Michaela Maintz ◽  
Hans-Florian Zeilhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Decision Matrix ◽  
Maximum Deformation ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
High Durability ◽  
Orbital Wall ◽  
3D Printed

Pure orbital blowout fractures occur within the confines of the internal orbital wall. Restoration of orbital form and volume is paramount to prevent functional and esthetic impairment. The anatomical peculiarity of the orbit has encouraged surgeons to develop implants with customized features to restore its architecture. This has resulted in worldwide clinical demand for patient-specific implants (PSIs) designed to fit precisely in the patient's unique anatomy. Fused filament fabrication (FFF) three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has enabled the fabrication of implant-grade polymers such as Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), paving the way for a more sophisticated generation of biomaterials. This study evaluates the FFF 3D printed PEEK orbital mesh customized implants with a metric considering the relevant design, biomechanical, and morphological parameters. The performance of the implants is studied as a function of varying thicknesses and porous design constructs through a finite element (FE) based computational model and a decision matrix based statistical approach. The maximum stress values achieved in our results predict the high durability of the implants, and the maximum deformation values were under one-tenth of a millimeter (mm) domain in all the implant profile configurations. The circular patterned implant (0.9 mm) had the best performance score. The study demonstrates that compounding multi-design computational analysis with 3D printing can be beneficial for the optimal restoration of the orbital floor.

scholarly journals A Multi-Criteria Assessment Strategy for 3D Printed Porous Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Patient-Specific Implants for Orbital Wall Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 3563
Author(s):  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Dennis Welker ◽  
Soheila Aghlmandi ◽  
Michaela Maintz ◽  
Hans-Florian Zeilhofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Decision Matrix ◽  
Maximum Deformation ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
High Durability ◽  
Orbital Wall ◽  
3D Printed

Pure orbital blowout fractures occur within the confines of the internal orbital wall. Restoration of orbital form and volume is paramount to prevent functional and esthetic impairment. The anatomical peculiarity of the orbit has encouraged surgeons to develop implants with customized features to restore its architecture. This has resulted in worldwide clinical demand for patient-specific implants (PSIs) designed to fit precisely in the patient’s unique anatomy. Material extrusion or Fused filament fabrication (FFF) three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has enabled the fabrication of implant-grade polymers such as Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), paving the way for a more sophisticated generation of biomaterials. This study evaluates the FFF 3D printed PEEK orbital mesh customized implants with a metric considering the relevant design, biomechanical, and morphological parameters. The performance of the implants is studied as a function of varying thicknesses and porous design constructs through a finite element (FE) based computational model and a decision matrix based statistical approach. The maximum stress values achieved in our results predict the high durability of the implants, and the maximum deformation values were under one-tenth of a millimeter (mm) domain in all the implant profile configurations. The circular patterned implant (0.9 mm) had the best performance score. The study demonstrates that compounding multi-design computational analysis with 3D printing can be beneficial for the optimal restoration of the orbital floor.

scholarly journals Conceptualization of a Sensory Feedback System in an Anthropomorphic Replacement Hand

Prosthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-427
Author(s):  
Simon Hazubski ◽  
Derya Bamerni ◽  
Andreas Otte
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
3D Scanner ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Printing Techniques

(1) Background: This paper presents a conceptual design for an anthropomorphic replacement hand made of silicone that integrates a sensory feedback system. In combination with a motorized orthosis, it allows performing movements and registering information on the flexion and the pressure of the fingers. (2) Methods: To create the replacement hand, a three-dimensional (3D) scanner was used to scan the hand of the test person. With computer-aided design (CAD), a mold was created from the hand, then 3D-printed. Bending and force sensors were attached to the mold before silicone casting to implement the sensory feedback system. To achieve a functional and anthropomorphic appearance of the replacement hand, a material analysis was carried out. In two different test series, the properties of the used silicones were analyzed regarding their mechanical properties and the manufacturing process. (3) Results: Individual fingers and an entire hand with integrated sensors were realized, which demonstrated in several tests that sensory feedback in such an anthropomorphic replacement hand can be realized. Nevertheless, the choice of silicone material remains an open challenge, as there is a trade-off between the hardness of the material and the maximum mechanical force of the orthosis. (4) Conclusion: Apart from manufacturing-related issues, it is possible to cost-effectively create a personalized, anthropomorphic replacement hand, including sensory feedback, by using 3D scanning and 3D printing techniques.

scholarly journals In-Hospital 3D Printed Scaphoid Prosthesis Using Medical-Grade Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Biomaterial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Philipp Honigmann ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Ralf Schumacher ◽  
Jasmine Rueegg ◽  
Mathias Haefeli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Patient Specific Implants ◽  
Surgical Guides ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Medical Grade

Recently, three-dimensional (3D) printing has become increasingly popular in the medical sector for the production of anatomical biomodels, surgical guides, and prosthetics. With the availability of low-cost desktop 3D printers and affordable materials, the in-house or point-of-care manufacturing of biomodels and Class II medical devices has gained considerable attention in personalized medicine. Another projected development in medical 3D printing for personalized treatment is the in-house production of patient-specific implants (PSIs) for partial and total bone replacements made of medical-grade material such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK). We present the first in-hospital 3D printed scaphoid prosthesis using medical-grade PEEK with fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing technology.

Local 3-Dimensional Printing of a Calvarium-Anchored Ventricular Catheter Occlusion Device

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler S Cole ◽  
Dakota T Graham ◽  
Andre A Wakim ◽  
Michael A Bohl ◽  
Clinton D Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Ventricular Catheter ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Occlusion Device ◽  
Short Time Span ◽  
Final Design ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Aided Design

ABSTRACT Three-dimensional (3D)-printed objects have been incorporated into many surgical specialties for various purposes. These devices can be customized and used as implants or surgical instruments. This study describes the use of a 3D-printed device that eliminates the need for a surgical assistant to occlude and retain the intracranial catheter during ventriculoperitoneal shunt creation and revision. After we identified design considerations and solutions, we modeled the device dimensions using computer-aided design software. Prototypes were 3D printed using stereolithography. Iterative design improvements were tested on cadaveric cranial samples. A final design was established, prepared by the in-hospital sterile processing department, and deployed successfully for clinical use. The design process for 3D-printed surgical instruments can produce straightforward idea-to-prototype pipelines. Because 3D-printed devices are easily duplicated and modified, small adjustments and new models can be developed, printed, and tested in a short time span.

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