scholarly journals The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijing Yu ◽  
Fitore Raka ◽  
Khosrow Adeli
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Treated Animal ◽  
Postprandial Lipid Metabolism

Both environmental and genetic factors contribute to relative species abundance and metabolic characteristics of the intestinal microbiota. The intestinal microbiota and accompanying microbial metabolites differ substantially in those who are obese or have other metabolic disorders. Accumulating evidence from germ-free mice and antibiotic-treated animal models suggests that altered intestinal gut microbiota contributes significantly to metabolic disorders involving impaired glucose and lipid metabolism. This review will summarize recent findings on potential mechanisms by which the microbiota affects intestinal lipid and lipoprotein metabolism including microbiota dependent changes in bile acid metabolism which affects bile acid signaling by bile acid receptors FXR and TGR5. Microbiota changes also involve altered short chain fatty acid signaling and influence enteroendocrine cell function including GLP-1/GLP-2-producing L-cells which regulate postprandial lipid metabolism.

scholarly journals P054 Modulation of the Gut Microbiota-Farnesoid X Receptor Axis Improves Deoxycholic Acid-induced Intestinal Inflammation in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S161-S161
Author(s):  
M Xu ◽  
Y Shen ◽  
M Cen
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Deoxycholic Acid ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Farnesoid X Receptor ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Rdna Sequencing

Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with gut dysbiosis and dysregulation of bile acid metabolism. A high luminal content of deoxycholic acid (DCA) with consumption of a Westernized diet is implicated in the pathogenesis of IBD. The aim of the study is to explore the role of intestinal microbiota and bile acid metabolism in mice with DCA-induced intestinal inflammation. Methods 4-week-old wild-type C57BL mice were fed with AIN-93G (control diet), AIN-93G+0.2% DCA, AIN-93G+0.2% DCA+6 weeks of fexaramine (FXR agonist), or AIN-93G+0.2% DCA+antibiotic cocktail for 24 weeks. Histopathology, Western blotting, and qPCR were performed on the intestinal tissue. Fecal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing. Fecal bile acid and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels were analyzed by chromatography. Results Gut dysbiosis and enlarged bile acid pool were observed in DCA-treated mice, accompanied by a lower farnesoid X receptor (FXR) activity in the intestine. Administration of fexaramine mitigated DCA-induced intestinal injury, restored intestinal FXR activity, activated fibroblast growth factor 15, and normalized bile acid metabolism. Furthermore, fexaramine administration increased the abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria. Depletion of the commensal microbiota with antibiotics decreased the diversity of the intestinal microbiota, attenuated bile acid synthesis, and reduced intestinal inflammation induced by DCA. Conclusion DCA induced-intestinal inflammation is associated with alterations of gut microbiota and bile acid profiles. Interventions targeting the gut microbiota-FXR signaling pathway may reduce DCA-induced intestinal disease.

Combined use of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and caffeine in low doses exhibits marked anti-obesity synergy through regulation of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-zhi Zhu ◽  
Fang Zhou ◽  
Jian Ouyang ◽  
Qi-ye Wang ◽  
Yi-long Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Combined Use

Combined use of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and caffeine in low doses exhibits marked anti-obesity synergy. The synergistic effect may be attributed to regulation of gut microbiota and BA metabolism.

Impact of Rapeseed and Soy Lecithin on Postprandial Lipid Metabolism, Bile Acid Profile and Gut Bacteria in Mice

2021 ◽  
pp. 2001068
Author(s):  
Chloé Robert ◽  
Charline Buisson ◽  
Fabienne Laugerette ◽  
Hélène Abrous ◽  
Dominique Rainteau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Bacteria ◽  
Soy Lecithin ◽  
Postprandial Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Postprandial Lipid

Yeast β-glucan reduces obesity-associated Bilophila abundance and modulates bile acid metabolism in healthy and high-fat diet mouse models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sik Yu So ◽  
Qinglong Wu ◽  
Kin Sum Leung ◽  
Zuzanna Maria Kundi ◽  
Tor C Savidge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Mrna Accumulation ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Emerging evidence links dietary fiber with altered gut microbiota composition and bile acid signaling in maintaining metabolic health. Yeast β-glucan (Y-BG) is a dietary supplement known for its immunomodulatory effect, yet its impact on the gut microbiota and bile acid composition remains unclear. This study investigated whether dietary forms of Y-BG modulate these gut-derived signals. We performed 4-week dietary supplementation in healthy mice to evaluate effects of different fiber composition (soluble vs particulate Y-BG) and dose (0.1 vs. 2%). We found that 2% particulate Y-BG induced robust gut microbiota community shifts with elevated liver Cyp7a1 mRNA abundance and bile acid synthesis. These diet-induced responses were notably different when compared to the prebiotic inulin, and included a marked reduction in fecal Bilophila abundance which we demonstrated as translatable to obesity in population-scale American Gut and TwinsUK clinical cohorts. This prompted us to test whether 2% Y-BG maintained metabolic health in mice fed 60% HFD over 13 weeks. Y-BG consistently altered the gut microbiota composition and reduced Bilophila abundance, with trends observed in improvement of metabolic phenotype. Notably, Y-BG improved insulin sensitization and this was associated with enhanced ileal Glpr1r mRNA accumulation and reduced Bilophila abundance. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Y-BG modulates gut microbiota community composition and bile acid signaling, but the dietary regime needs to be optimized to facilitate clinical improvement in metabolic phenotype in an aggressive high-fat diet animal model.

scholarly journals ROLE OF GUT MICROBIOTA IN LIPID METABOLISM

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khrystyna Kvit ◽  
Viacheslav Kharchenko
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Lipid Balance ◽  
The Relationship

 Researchers have studied the connection between cholesterol and microbiota for a long time. The results of widely published data demonstrate that the relationship between the lipid balance of the blood and the composition of the intestinal microbiota is apparent. The oblective of this study was, we tried to find the path through which this connection is carried out. Furthermore, the aim was to analyze the studies, which demonstrate the decrease of blood lipids as the result of different prebiotics and probiotics prescribtion. Also, the screening of different data from previous years was done for comparing the changes in the pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Improvements in Metabolic Syndrome by Xanthohumol Derivatives Are Linked to Altered Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1900789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Gerd Bobe ◽  
Johana S. Revel ◽  
Richard R. Rodrigues ◽  
Thomas J. Sharpton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism

scholarly journals Multiple Roles of 25-Hydroxycholesterol in Lipid Metabolism, Antivirus Process, Inflammatory Response, and Cell Survival

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Qin Cao ◽  
Zhongzhong Liu ◽  
Yan Xiong ◽  
Zibiao Zhong ◽  
Qifa Ye
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Radical Process ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

As an essential lipid, cholesterol is of great value in keeping cell homeostasis, being the precursor of bile acid and steroid hormones, and stabilizing membrane lipid rafts. As a kind of cholesterol metabolite produced by enzymatic or radical process, oxysterols have drawn much attention in the last decades. Among which, the role of 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) in cholesterol and bile acid metabolism, antivirus process, and inflammatory response has been largely disclosed. This review is aimed at revealing these functions and underlying mechanisms of 25-HC.

scholarly journals Functional microbiomics: Evaluation of gut microbiota-bile acid metabolism interactions in health and disease

Methods ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin H. Mullish ◽  
Alexandros Pechlivanis ◽  
Grace F. Barker ◽  
Mark R. Thursz ◽  
Julian R. Marchesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Health And Disease
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