scholarly journals The Trends in Opioid Use in Castile and Leon, Spain: A Population-Based Registry Analysis of Dispensations in 2015 to 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Herrera-Gómez ◽  
Eduardo Gutierrez-Abejón ◽  
Ignacio Ayestarán ◽  
Paloma Criado-Espegel ◽  
F. Javier Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Multiple Drugs ◽  
Population Based Registry

Opioids are driving-impairing medicines (DIM). To assess the evolution and trends of opioid analgesics use between 2015 and 2018 in Castile and Leon (Spain), a population-based registry study was conceived. The length of opioid use and its concomitant use with other DIMs were studied. Analyses were done considering age and gender distributions. Adjusted consumption for licensed drivers is also presented. Of the 5 million dispensations recorded between 2015 and 2018, opioid analgesics were dispensed to 11.44% of the general population and 8.72% of vehicle drivers. Increases among daily users (2.6 times higher) and chronic users (1.5% higher) were noted, supporting the overall increase in opioid use (1.5%). The use of multiple drugs including other DIMs was a common finding (mean ± SD, 2.54 ± 0.01). Acute use (5.26%) and chronic use (3.20%) were also frequent. Formulations combining opioid analgesics with nonopioid analgesics were preferred. The use of opioids increased in Spain between 2015 and 2018. Concomitant use with other DIMS especially affects women and the elderly. Frequent use of opioid analgesics with other DIMs is a serious problem for drivers and increases the risk of accidents. Promoting safe driving should be a main objective of health authorities, to be achieved by developing and implementing educational activities for healthcare professionals and patients.

scholarly journals Trend in the use of topical ocular anti-infectives in a region of Spain between 2015 and 2019: a population-based registry study

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 453-458
Author(s):  
Eduardo Gutiérrez-Abejón ◽  
Francisco Herrera-Gómez ◽  
Ignacio J. Ayestarán-Martínez ◽  
Francisco Javier Álvarez ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Population Distribution ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
European Population ◽  
Registry Study ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Ocular Drugs ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Population Based Registry

Objectives. This study presents the use and trends of use of topical ocular anti-infectives into a European population in the current decade (2015 to 2019) with an analysis of concomitant use with other ocular drugs, considering distribution by age and gender. Patients and Methods. A population-based registry study was carried out to assess the ocular anti-infectives use from 2015 to 2019. All dispensations of these medicines at pharmacies in the largest region of Spain, Castile and León, was accessed. The number of packages dispensed, the percentage of the population under treatment, diagnosis, and the concomitant use with other ocular medicines was observed. For all analyses, the population distribution by age and gender was considered. Results. An average of 198,000 packages of topical ocular anti-infectives were dispensed annually to 5.38% of the population, and more commonly for women than for men (5.83% vs. 4.91%). Children and the elderly used more these medicines. Tobramycin, alone or in combination, accounted for more than 68% of the total consumption (135,000 packages per year), and was the most widely used anti-infective in almost all identified diagnoses. Conjunctivitis (50.12%), and stye (11.51%) were the most frequent diagnoses. The consumption of ocular anti-infectives increased by 8.23% from 2015 to 2019, and more among men than in women. Conclusions. Our findings show that the most used topical ocular anti-infective was tobramycin, in accordance with the clinical practice guidelines recommendations. However, ocular infections are sometimes treated empirically, especially conjunctivitis.

scholarly journals Use of driving-impairing medicines by a Spanish population: a population-based registry study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e017618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Gutierrez-Abejón ◽  
Francisco Herrera-Gómez ◽  
Paloma Criado-Espegel ◽  
F Javier Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Registry Study ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Patterns Of Use ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Population Based Registry ◽  
Chronic Use

ObjectiveTo assess the use of driving-impairing medicines (DIM) in the general population with special reference to length of use and concomitant use.DesignPopulation-based registry study.SettingThe year 2015 granted medicines consumption data recorded in the Castile and León (Spain) medicine dispensation registry was consulted.ParticipantsMedicines and DIM consumers from a Spanish population (Castile and León: 2.4 million inhabitants).ExposureMedicines and DIM consumption. Patterns of use by age and gender based on the length of use (acute: 1–7 days, subacute: 8–29 days and chronic use: ≥30 days) were of interest. Estimations regarding the distribution of licensed drivers by age and gender were employed to determine the patterns of use of DIM.ResultsDIM were consumed by 34.4% (95% CI 34.3% to 34.5%) of the general population in 2015, more commonly with regularity (chronic use: 22.5% vs acute use: 5.3%) and more frequently by the elderly. On average, 2.3 DIM per person were dispensed, particularly to chronic users (2.8 DIM per person). Age and gender distribution differences were observed between the Castile and León medicine dispensation registry data and the drivers’ license census data. Of all DIM dispensed, 83.8% were in the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical code group nervous system medicines (N), which were prescribed to 29.2% of the population.ConclusionsThe use of DIM was frequent in the general population. Chronic use was common, but acute and subacute use should also be considered. This finding highlights the need to make patients, health professionals, health providers, medicine regulatory agencies and policy-makers at large aware of the role DIM play in traffic safety.

Prevalence of Nasal Polyps in Adults: The Skovde Population-Based Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 112 (7) ◽  
pp. 625-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif Johansson ◽  
Anders Åkerlund ◽  
Ingemar Melén ◽  
Kenneth Holmberg ◽  
Mats Bende
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
A Priori ◽  
A Priori Estimate ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Priori Estimate ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Aspirin Intolerance ◽  
And Gender

Patients with nasal polyps present repeatedly in otorhinolaryngology practices, but the prevalence of nasal polyps in the general population is not known. Our objective was to investigate the prevalence of nasal polyps in an adult Swedish population in relation to age, gender, asthma, and aspirin intolerance. A random sample of 1,900 inhabitants over the age of 20 years, stratified for age and gender, was drawn from the municipal population register in Skövde, Sweden, in December 2000. The subjects were called to clinical visits that included questions about rhinitis, asthma, and aspirin intolerance and examination by nasal endoscopy. In total, 1,387 volunteers (73% of the sample) were investigated. The sample size was adequate, with a good fit to the whole population. The prevalence of nasal polyps was 2.7% (95% confidence interval, 1.9–3.5), and polyps were more frequent in men (2.2 to 1), the elderly (5% at ≥60 years of age), and asthmatics. Subjective symptoms of aspirin intolerance were not found to correlate with polyps. Nasal polyps were more common in adults than was stated by the a priori estimate. The Skövde population-based study is considered representative for the Swedish population.

scholarly journals Social Network Communications in Chilean Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6078
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Rondán-Cataluña ◽  
Patricio E. Ramírez-Correa ◽  
Jorge Arenas-Gaitán ◽  
Muriel Ramírez-Santana ◽  
Elizabeth E. Grandón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Influences ◽  
Elderly Users

The growth of older adults in new regions poses challenges for public health. We know that these seniors live increasingly alone, and this impairs their health and general wellbeing. Studies suggest that social networking sites (SNS) can reduce isolation, improve social participation, and increase autonomy. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the characteristics of older adult users of SNS in these new territories. Without this information, it is not possible to improve the adoption of SNS in this population. Based on decision trees, this study analyzes how the elderly users of various SNS in Chile are like. For this purpose, a segmentation of the different groups of elderly users of social networks was constructed, and the most discriminating variables concerning the use of these applications were classified. The results highlight the existence of considerable differences between the various social networks analyzed in their use and characterization. Educational level is the most discriminating variable, and gender influences the types of SNS use. In general, it is observed that the higher the educational level, the more the different social networking sites are used.

Driving and Incidence of Functional Limitation in Older People: A Prospective Population-Based Study

Gerontology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 636-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Shimada ◽  
Hyuma Makizako ◽  
Kota Tsutsumimoto ◽  
Ryo Hotta ◽  
Sho Nakakubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Driving Cessation ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Elderly Cohort

Background: Many studies have examined the negative social and health consequences of driving cessation in later life. However, whether the transition to driving cessation results in the incidence of functional limitation in older people remains unclear. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether driving cessation was associated with the incidence of functional limitation in older Japanese individuals. Methods: The study included 3,556 participants (mean age: 71.5 ± 5.3 years, 50.2% women) enrolled in the ‘Obu Study of Health Promotion for the Elderly' cohort study between August 2011 and February 2012. The participants were classified into three groups according to their driving status: driving, driving cessation, and nondriving. We assessed new incidence of functional limitation over a 24- month period and examined several confounding factors. Results: The incidence rates for functional limitation in the driving, driving cessation, and nondriving groups were 0.9, 10.8, and 5.6%, respectively (p < 0.001). The fully adjusted Cox proportional hazard model showed that hazard ratios (HRs) for functional limitation in nondrivers [HR: 2.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27-4.44] and those who had ceased driving (HR: 7.80, 95% CI: 2.61-23.36) were significantly higher relative to those observed in current drivers. Conclusion: Driving cessation exerted a strong impact on the risk of functional limitation. Further study is required to determine appropriate intervention strategies to help older people to maintain the abilities required for safe driving and delay the functional limitation associated with driving cessation.

scholarly journals Incidence of Type 1 Diabetes May Be Underestimated in the Chinese Population: Evidence From 21.7 Million People Between 2007 and 2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Ying-Chao Yuan ◽  
Mo-Ning Guo ◽  
Zhong Xin ◽  
Guan-Jie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Age Group ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Population Based Registry ◽  
Design And Methods

OBJECTIVE─ Previous reports of the annual incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in China were conducted using retrospective hospital cases, which may not reflect the reality. This longitudinal study estimated T1D incidence in a 21.7-million Chinese population during 2007-2017. <p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS─ A population-based registry of T1D was performed by the Beijing Municipal Health Commission Information Center. Annual incidence and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by age group and gender. The association of gender with T1D incidence and predicted new T1D cases were assessed using Poisson regression models. Annual percentage change and average annual percentage of change were assessed using Joinpoint regression. </p> <p>RESULTS─ Overall, there were 6,875 individuals who developed T1D from 2007 to 2017 in this population. T1D incidence [95% CI] (/100,000 persons) significantly increased from 2.72 [2.51, 2.93] in 2007 to 3.60 [3.38, 3.78] in 2017 (p<0.001). The T1D onset peak was in the 10-14 age group. While no significant trend was found in the 0-14 and 15-29 age groups, T1D incidence markedly increased from 1.87 to 3.52 in ≥30 age group (p<0.05). The prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis was highest in 0-4 age group. We predicted T1D new cases will increase to 1.57-fold over the next decade. </p> CONCLUSIONS─ T1D incidence in this large Chinese population is higher than has been reported previously. During 2007-2017, although the incidence peak was in the 10-14 age group, the T1D incidence increased sharply in adults but not in youth.

scholarly journals Clinical and demographic covariates of chronic opioid and non-opioid analgesic use in rural-dwelling older adults: the MoVIES project

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1801-1810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan F. Karp ◽  
Ching-Wen Lee ◽  
Jonathan McGovern ◽  
Gary Stoehr ◽  
Chung-Chou H. Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Original Cohort ◽  
Analgesic Use ◽  
Chronic Use

ABSTRACTBackground:To describe covariates and patterns of late-life analgesic use in the rural, population-based MoVIES cohort from 1989 to 2002.Methods:Secondary analysis of epidemiologic survey of elderly people conducted over six biennial assessment waves. Potential covariates of analgesic use included age, gender, depression, sleep, arthritis, smoking, alcohol, and general health status. Of the original cohort of 1,681, this sample comprised 1,109 individuals with complete data on all assessments. Using trajectory analysis, participants were characterized as chronic or non-chronic users of opioid and non-opioid analgesics. Multivariable regression was used to model predictors of chronic analgesic use.Results:The cohort was followed for mean (SD) 7.3 (2.7) years. Chronic use of opioid analgesics was reported by 7.2%, while non-opioid use was reported by 46.1%. In the multivariable model, predictors of chronic use of both opioid and non-opioid analgesics included female sex, taking ≥2 prescription medications, and “arthritis” diagnoses. Chronic opioid use was also associated with age 75–84 years; chronic non-opioid use was also associated with sleep continuity disturbance.Conclusions:These epidemiological data confirm clinical observations and generate hypotheses for further testing. Future studies should investigate whether addressing sleep problems might lead to decreased use of non-opioid analgesics and possibly enhanced pain management.

An analysis of the temporal, age, and gender trends in human papillomavirus virus (HPV)-related versus non-HPV-related head and neck cancers (HNC) in Alberta, Canada.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12505-e12505
Author(s):  
Desiree Hao ◽  
Harold Y. Lau ◽  
Longlong Huang ◽  
Corinne M. Doll ◽  
Joseph C. Dort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Population Based Registry ◽  
Over Time

e12505 Background: Recent epidemiologic studies have suggested that the incidence of HPV-associated HNC is increasing. This study assessed temporal, age-specific and gender specific changes in cancer incidence for HPV- versus non-HPV associated HNC compared with other HPV versus non-HPV associated malignancies in a population-based setting. Methods: We used the Alberta Cancer Registry, a population-based registry of all cancers diagnosed in the province of Alberta, Canada (population est. 3.6 million), to identify patients diagnosed with cancers of the oropharynx, cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, and penis (HPV-associated group) and compared this with non-oropharyngeal cancers of the head and neck and lung cancer (non-HPV associated, modifiable risk group) between January 1, 1975 and December 31, 2009. The age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) for each cancer by gender and age-specific incidence was estimated with the annual percentage change (APC) assessed using Joinpoint regression. Results: The ASIR for oropharyngeal cancers (OPC) increased over time for both men (APC 3.5) and women (APC 1.5) with rapid increases seen in men under 35 (APC 27.3). Non-oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck had a higher ASIR overall with moderate temporal increases (APC 2.5) and age-specific increases highest in those aged 55 to 74. ASIR for anal canal cancers also increased over time, with greater increases amongst younger females, in contrast to OPC. By comparison, the ASIR of cervix cancer declined with more significant decreases in younger females; while the rates of other HPV-associated cancers (vulva, vagina, penile) showed little change. The ASIR for lung cancer decreased after 1987 (APC -1.5) for men and continued to moderately increase for women. Conclusions: Our findings suggest the greatest increases in OPC are occurring in younger men. Programs of HPV prevention such as vaccination should be explored to reduce the incidence of OPC in males.

scholarly journals Population-Based Registry Analysis of Antidiabetics Dispensations: Trend Use in Spain between 2015 and 2018 with Reference to Driving

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Eduardo Gutiérrez-Abejón ◽  
Paloma Criado-Espegel ◽  
Francisco Herrera-Gómez ◽  
F. Javier Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Driving Under The Influence ◽  
Oral Antidiabetics ◽  
Castilla Y Leon ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Minor Influence ◽  
Drivers License ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Population Based Registry ◽  
Registry Analysis

Insulins and some oral antidiabetics are considered to be driving-impairing medicines (DIM) and they belong to the Driving under the Influence of Drugs, alcohol, and medicines (DRUID) category I (minor influence on fitness to drive). The trend of antidiabetics use in Castilla y León from 2015 to 2018 is presented through a population-based registry study. Treatment duration with these medicines and the concomitant use of other DIMs were observed. An adjustment method was used with information from the drivers’ license census. For all calculations, age and gender were taken into account. 3.98% of the general population used at least one antidiabetic, as well as 2.92% of drivers. The consumption of antidiabetics in men was higher than in women (4.35% vs. 3.61%, p = 0.001), and the use increases with age, especially from 35–39 years to 75–79 years in men and 85–89 years in women. Antidiabetics were consumed chronically, specifically 100% in the case of insulins and 95% in the case of oral antidiabetics. In addition to antidiabetics, 2.5 ± 1.86 DIMs were consumed, mainly anxiolytics (25.53%), opioids (23.03%), other analgesics and antipiretics (19.13%), and antidepressants (17.73%). Collaboration between pharmacists and physicians is a priority to clearly transmitting risks to patients. It is necessary that the health authorities include information on DIMs, such as the DRUID classification, in the prescription and dispensing software.

scholarly journals Population-Based Study on the All-Cause and Cause-Specific Risks of Mortality among Long-Term Opioid Analgesics Users without Cancer in Taiwan

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1402
Author(s):  
Po-Feng Lee ◽  
Chung-Yi Li ◽  
Yen-Chin Liu ◽  
Chang-Ta Chiu ◽  
Wen-Hsuan Hou
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratios

(1) Background: The prevalence of opioid use in Taiwan increased by 41% between 2002 and 2014. However, little is known regarding the risk of mortality among long-term opioid analgesics users who do not have cancer. This study investigated this mortality risk with an emphasis on the calendar year and patients’ age and sex. (2) Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 12,990 adult individuals without cancer who were long-term users of opioid analgesics and were randomly selected from the data set of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance program from 2000 to 2012. They were then followed up through 2013. Information on the underlying causes of death was retrieved from the Taiwan Death Registry. Age, sex, and calendar year-standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) of all-cause and cause-specific mortality were calculated with reference to those of the general population. (3) Results: With up to 14 years of follow-up, 558 individuals had all-cause mortality in 48,020 person-years (cumulative mortality: 4.3%, mortality rate: 11.62 per 1000 person-years). Compared with the general population, the all-cause SMR of 4.30 (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 3.95–4.66) was significantly higher: it was higher in men than in women, declined with calendar year and age, and was significantly higher for both natural (4.15, 95% CI: 3.78–4.53) and unnatural (5.04, 95% CI: 3.88–6.45) causes. (4) Conclusions: Long-term opioid analgesics use among individuals without cancer in Taiwan was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality. The notably increased mortality in younger adults warrants attention. Strategies to reduce long-term opioid analgesics use, especially their overuse or misuse, are in an urgent need.

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