scholarly journals Effects of Compressive Stockings and Standard Stockings in Skin Temperature and Pressure Pain Threshold in Runners with Functional Ankle Equinus Condition

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 454 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Rodríguez-Sanz ◽  
Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo ◽  
Marta Losa-Iglesias ◽  
Eva Martínez-Jiménez ◽  
Daniel Muñoz-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Clinical Assessments ◽  
Pressure Pain Thresholds ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Skin Temperatures ◽  
Control Study

Objective: To assess clinical differences in the Achilles tendons of runners with ankle equinus wearing either compressive or standard stockings. Design: Case–control study. Methods: In this study, we conducted clinical examinations of 98 sportsmen (runners) with equinus, before and after 30 min of running on a treadmill; 49 runners wore compressive stockings and 49 wore standard stockings. Clinical assessments of the runners’ Achilles tendons were based on the pressure pain threshold (PPT) and skin temperature analysis. Results: Achilles tendon evaluations identified significant differences in skin temperature modification and PPT between the compressive and standard stocking groups. Conclusions: Based on our findings, we propose that higher skin temperatures are associated with lower pressure pain thresholds in the Achilles tendons of runners with ankle equinus.

scholarly journals Effectiveness between Dry Needling and Ischemic Compression in the Triceps Surae Latent Myofascial Trigger Points of Triathletes on Pressure Pain Threshold and Thermography: A Single Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benito-de-Pedro ◽  
Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo ◽  
Losa-Iglesias ◽  
Rodríguez-Sanz ◽  
López-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Myofascial Pain ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Trigger Points ◽  
Triceps Surae ◽  
Dry Needling ◽  
Myofascial Trigger Points ◽  
Pressure Pain

Background: Deep dry needling (DDN) and ischemic compression technic (ICT) may be considered as interventions used for the treatment of Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) in latent myofascial trigger points (MTrPs). The immediate effectiveness of both DDN and ICT on pressure pain threshold (PPT) and skin temperature of the latent MTrPs of the triceps surae has not yet been determined, especially in athletes due to their treatment requirements during training and competition. Objective: To compare the immediate efficacy between DDN and ICT in the latent MTrPs of triathletes considering PPT and thermography measurements. Method: A total sample of 34 triathletes was divided into two groups: DDN and ICT. The triathletes only received a treatment session of DDN (n = 17) or ICT (n = 17). PPT and skin temperature of the selected latent MTrPs were assessed before and after treatment. Results: Statistically significant differences between both groups were shown after treatment, showing a PPT reduction (p < 0.05) in the DDN group, while PPT values were maintained in the ICT group. There were not statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) for thermographic values before and treatment for both interventions. Conclusions: Findings of this study suggested that ICT could be more advisable than DDN regarding latent MTrPs local mechanosensitivity immediately after treatment due to the requirements of training and competition in athletes’ population. Nevertheless, further studies comparing both interventions in the long term should be carried out in this specific population due to the possible influence of delayed onset muscle soreness and muscle damage on PPT and thermography values secondary to the high level of training and competition.

scholarly journals Serum Levels of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Painful Knee Osteoarthritis and Sensitization

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Imamura ◽  
Fernando Ezquerro ◽  
Fábio Marcon Alfieri ◽  
Lucy Vilas Boas ◽  
Tania Regina Tozetto-Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Pressure Pain Thresholds ◽  
The World ◽  
Joint Disorder ◽  
Painful Knee

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder in the world. Among the mechanisms involved in osteoarthritis, biomarkers (cytokines profile) may be related to pain and pain intensity, functional capacity, and pressure pain thresholds (PPT). Thus, the study of these relationships may offer useful information about pathophysiology and associated mechanisms involved in osteoarthritis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the seric concentration of pro (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines in patients with painful knee osteoarthritis and to correlate the levels of these biomarkers with the patients’ functional capacity and pressure pain threshold (PPT) values.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Fibromyalgia and Pressure Pain Threshold in Patients with Dyspareunia

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Terzi ◽  
Rabia Terzi ◽  
Ahmet Kale
Keyword(s):  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tender Points ◽  
Pain Thresholds ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Pressure Pain Thresholds ◽  
Pressure Algometer ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the number of tender points, pressure pain threshold and presence of fibromyalgia among women with or without dyspareunia.METHODS: The present cross-sectional study included 40 patients with dyspareunia and 30 healthy controls. The participants were asked if they had engaged in sexual intercourse during the previous four weeks, and dyspareunia was rated from 0 to 3 based on the Marinoff Dyspareunia Scale. A pressure algometer (dolorimeter) was used to measure the pressure pain threshold. Fibromyalgia was diagnosed based on the 1990 American College of Rheumatology criteria. The depression status of the participants was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory.RESULTS: No statistically significant difference was found with regard to age, body mass index, habits (alcohol use and smoking), educational status and occupational status between the two groups. Total myalgic score, total control score and tender point mean pain threshold were significantly lower in the group with dyspareunia. The number of tender points was significantly higher in patients with dyspareunia. The mean Beck Depression Inventory score was 14.7 ±8.4 in the dyspareunia group compared with 11.2 ±7.1 in the control group. Five (12.5%) of the patients with dyspareunia were diagnosed with fibromyalgia, whereas no patients in the control group were diagnosed with fibromyalgia. There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to the presence of fibromyalgia.CONCLUSION: The finding of lower pressure pain thresholds and a higher number of tender points among patients with dyspareunia suggests that these patients may have increased generalized pain thresholds. Additional studies involving a larger number of patients are required to investigate the presence of central mechanisms in the pathogenesis of dyspareunia.

Pressure Pain Threshold and Pain Tolerance in Episodic Tension-Type Headache Do Not Depend on the Presence of Headache

Cephalalgia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Bove ◽  
N Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Pressure Pain Thresholds ◽  
Type Headache ◽  
Tension Type Headaches

Pressure pain thresholds and responses to painful mechanical stimuli were obtained from 20 subjects with episodic tension-type headaches (TTH). Tender points in the temporalis and trapezius muscles were studied, along with two nontender points, one in the temporalis and one on the Achilles tendon. Two examinations were performed, one during and one without a headache, and results were compared. No significant differences were found in either variable for any tested points. The data demonstrate that the sensitivity level of these points does not differ based on the presence or absence of TTH. This suggests that the muscle sensitivity in TTH is constant. The observation that the sensitivity levels of both tender and nontender points did not vary suggests that the underlying mechanism or effect of TTH is not restricted to tender muscles.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional analysis of persistent low back pain, using correlations between lumbar stiffness, pressure pain threshold, and heat pain threshold

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Casper Glissmann Nim ◽  
Søren O’Neill ◽  
Anne Gellert Geltoft ◽  
Line Korsholm Jensen ◽  
Berit Schiøttz-Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Heat Pain ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Spinal Stiffness ◽  
Pressure Pain Thresholds ◽  
Heat Pain Threshold ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Introduction Little is known about the underlying biomechanical cause of low back pain (LBP). Recently, technological advances have made it possible to quantify biomechanical and neurophysiological measurements, potentially relevant factors in understanding LBP etiology. However, few studies have explored the relation between these factors. This study aims to quantify the correlation between biomechanical and neurophysiological outcomes in non-specific LBP and examine whether these correlations differ when considered regionally vs. segmentally. Methods This is a secondary cross-sectional analysis of 132 participants with persistent non-specific LBP. Biomechanical data included spinal stiffness (global stiffness) measured by a rolling indenter. Neurophysiological data included pain sensitivity (pressure pain threshold and heat pain threshold) measured by a pressure algometer and a thermode. Correlations were tested using Pearson’s product-moment correlation or Spearman’s rank correlation as appropriate. The association between these outcomes and the segmental level was tested using ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey corrected comparisons. Results A moderate positive correlation was found between spinal stiffness and pressure pain threshold, i.e., high degrees of stiffness were associated with high pressure pain thresholds. The correlation between spinal stiffness and heat pain threshold was poor and not statistically significant. Aside from a statistically significant minor association between the lower and the upper lumbar segments and stiffness, no other segmental relation was shown. Conclusions The moderate correlation between spinal stiffness and mechanical pain sensitivity was the opposite of expected, meaning higher degrees of stiffness was associated with higher pressure pain thresholds. No clinically relevant segmental association existed.

scholarly journals Associations between pressure pain threshold in the neck and postural control in patients with dizziness or neck pain – a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari K. Knapstad ◽  
Frederik K. Goplen ◽  
Tove Ask ◽  
Jan S. Skouen ◽  
Stein Helge G. Nordahl
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Pain Thresholds ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Pressure Pain Thresholds ◽  
Lower Neck

Abstract Background It is theorized that neck pain may cause reduced postural control due to the known physiological connection between the receptors in the cervical spine and the vestibular system. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the pressure pain threshold in the neck is associated with postural sway in patients with dizziness or neck pain. Methods Consecutive patients with dizziness (n = 243) and neck pain (n = 129) were recruited from an otorhinolaryngological department and an outpatient spine clinic, respectively. All subjects underwent static posturography. Pressure pain thresholds were measured at four standardized points in the neck, and generalized pain was assessed using the American College of Rheumatology tender points. The relationship between postural sway and pressure pain threshold was analyzed by linear regression, and the covariates included age, sex, and generalized pain. Results In the dizzy group, there was a small, inverse relationship between pressure pain thresholds and sway area with eyes closed, after adjusting for age, sex, and generalized pain (bare platform; lower neck, p = 0.002, R2 = 0.068; upper neck, p = 0.038, R2 = 0.047; foam rubber mat; lower neck, p = 0.014, R2 = 0.085). The same inverse relationship was found between pressure pain thresholds in the neck and the Romberg ratio on a bare platform after adjusting for age, sex and generalized pain (upper neck, p = 0.15, R2 = 0.053; lower neck, p = 0.002, R2 = 0.069). Neither of these relationships were present in the neck pain group. Conclusion Our findings indicate that the pressure pain threshold in the neck is associated with postural sway in patients suffering from dizziness after adjusting for age, sex, and generalized pain, but only with closed eyes. The association was small and should be interpreted with caution. Trial registration Trial registration: Clinicaltrial.gov NCT03531619. Retrospectively registered 22 May 2018.

Pressure pain threshold is higher in hypertensive compared with normotensive older adults: A case-control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 967-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Nascimento Rebelatto ◽  
Francisco Alburquerque-Sendín ◽  
João Flavio Guimarães ◽  
Tania Fatima Salvini
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Mechanisms of “Cough-Trick” for Pain Relief during Venipuncture: An Experimental Crossover Investigation in Healthy Volunteers

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Taras I. Usichenko ◽  
Henriette Janner ◽  
Maria Gagarine ◽  
Dragan Pavlovic ◽  
Eric Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Opioid Antagonist ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Naloxone Administration ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Pressure Pain Thresholds ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Scale Data

Objectives. The easily performed “cough-trick” (CT) reduces pain during venipuncture (VP), although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The aim was to investigate the pain-reducing effect of CT during VP in comparison with two distraction methods, as well as under the influence of naloxone. Methods. 54 healthy male volunteers participated in 3 investigations. Pain during standardized VP with CT was compared to a “weak” distraction (squeezing a rubber ball; investigation 1; n=20) and to a “strong” distraction (inflating a tourniquet to a given pressure; investigation 2; n=21). In investigation 3 (n=13), pain at a VP without intervention was compared to pain at VP with CT under naloxone; pressure pain thresholds before and after naloxone administration were also measured. Pain was assessed using a 100 mm visual analogue scale. Data were compared within each sample using Student’s t-test for paired samples. Results. Pain intensity at VP with CT was lower than under “weak” distraction (mean difference 5 mm; 95% CI: 0.5 to 9.6; P=0.03). Pain levels under CT and “strong” distraction were comparable. There was no difference between pain under CT after naloxone infusion and pain without intervention. Pressure pain threshold decreased (mean difference 1 mm; 95% CI: 0.1 to 1.0 mm; P=0.02) after naloxone administration. Conclusion. Pain-reducing effect of CT during VP is superior to that of simple motor distraction and equivalent to a complex distraction method. This might be due to the activation of segmental pain inhibitory pathways during coughing indicated through the lack of pain reduction due to CT under opioid antagonist blockage.

A Proposed Experimental Model of Myofascial Trigger Points in Human Muscle after Slow Eccentric Exercise

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunori Itoh ◽  
Kaoru Okada ◽  
Kenji Kawakita
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Trigger Points ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Acupuncture Points ◽  
Myofascial Trigger Points ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Pressure Pain Thresholds

Background The purpose of this study was to develop an experimental model of myofascial trigger points to investigate their pathophysiology. Methods Fifteen healthy volunteers who gave informed consent underwent repetitive eccentric exercise of the third finger of one hand (0.1Hz repetitions, three sets at five minute intervals) until exhaustion. Physical examination, pressure pain threshold, and electrical pain threshold of the skin, fascia and muscle were measured immediately afterwards and for seven days. Needle electromyogram (EMG) was also recorded in a subgroup of participants. Results Pressure pain thresholds decreased to a minimum on the second day after the exercise, then gradually returned to baseline values by the seventh day. On the second day, a ropy band was palpated in the exercised forearm muscle and the electrical pain threshold of the fascia at the palpable band was the lowest among the measured loci and tissues. Needle EMG activity accompanied with dull pain sensation was recorded only when the electrode was located on or near the fascia of the palpable band on the second day of exercise. Conclusion These results suggest that eccentric exercise may yield a useful model for the investigation of the myofascial trigger points and/or acupuncture points. The sensitised nociceptors at the fascia of the palpable band might be a possible candidate for the localised tender region.

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