scholarly journals Antihypertensives’ Rock around the Clock

J ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-82
Author(s):  
Ognjenka Rahić ◽  
Amina Tucak ◽  
Merima Sirbubalo ◽  
Lamija Hindija ◽  
Jasmina Hadžiabdić
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Approval Process ◽  
Incontrovertible Evidence

Although homeostasis is a commonly accepted concept, there is incontrovertible evidence that biological processes and functions are variable and that variability occurs in cycles. In order to explain and understand dysregulation, which has not been embraced by homeostatic principles, the allostatic model has emerged as the first serious challenge to homeostasis, going beyond its homeostatic roots. Circadian rhythm is the predominant variation in the body, and it is a pattern according to which many physiological and pathological events occur. As there is strong experimental and clinical evidence that blood pressure fluctuations undergo circadian rhythm, there is equally strong evidence that targeted time therapy for hypertension provides a better outcome of the disease. The research has gone even further throughout the development and approval process for the use of pulsatile drug release systems, which can be considered as an option for an even more convenient dosage regimen of the medicines needed.

scholarly journals Formulation and Optimization of Pulsatile Tablet for Circadian Rhythm of Blood Pressure

2020 ◽  
pp. 204-219
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Drug ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
Combination Drug Therapy ◽  
Combination Drug

Circadian rhythm is a 24-hour cycle of human body, the body different aspect in the morning as compare to afternoon or night. The blood pressure rises in two time in a day, one is at early morning and second one is at evening.The aim of present project work was to design the pulsatile tablet for treatment of blood pressure with combination drug therapy. in most cases it is seen that the increasing in Plasma norepinephrine level and plasma renin activity in the morning; both hormones are potential to induce coronary vasoconstriction, therefore, there is a need to a such formulation who achieve peak plasma concentration of drug at morning and can control morning spate of B.P. The pulsatile release of nebivolol after the lag time with sustain release of curcumin which maintain the severity of blood Pressure. The Formulation of Core tablet of nebivolol was prepared by using superdisintegrate by direct compression with diluent. F10 batch was found to be optimized formulation as it shown potent drug release within short time. The lag time was prolonged with an increase of the coating level, whereas the drug release rate was almost constant, irrespective of the coating level the lag time of nebivolol was found to be 8 to 8.5hrsand drug release after 9hrs. drug release was above 95% after lag time with constant release of curcumin. Hence, this approach can provide a useful means and may be helpful for patients with morning spate of BP and development of PDDS of combination drug therapy is a promising approach to overcome the side effect of single drug i.e. nebivolol drug therapy and also oral drug delivery.

scholarly journals STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHM IN BLOOD PRESSURE FLUCTUATIONS

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (0) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Yasunori URAGARI ◽  
Masashi GOTO ◽  
Takeaki NAGAI
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations

Abstract 084: Significant Roles of Hyperglycemia and Obesity in the Disruption of Blood Pressure Circadian Rhythm in Leptin-receptor Mutant Db/db Mice

Hypertension ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianfei Hou ◽  
Wen Su ◽  
Ming Gong ◽  
Zhenheng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Clock Gene ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Receptor Mutant ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Blood pressure (BP) exhibits 24-hour rhythm. Loss of BP oscillation has been found in up to 75% diabetic patients and is associated with increased risks of target organ injuries. However, the mechanisms underlying the disruption of BP circadian rhythm in diabetes remain poorly understood. We and others have demonstrated that type 2 diabetic db/db mice in C57/KsJ background have hypertension and severely disrupted BP circadian rhythm. Since these db/db mice were severely hyperglycemic (>600 mg/dL) as well as obese, it is unclear which factor or both contribute to the disruption of BP oscillation. Moreover, it is unclear whether clock genes are involved in the diabetes associated disruption of BP circadian rhythm. To address these specific questions, we cross bred the leptin receptor mutated db/db mice in the C57BL/KsJ background with PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE knock in mice in C57BL/6J background. At 4-5 months old, the blood glucose in these db/db -Per2 mice was higher than controls (320.3 vs 153 mg/dL) but was significantly lower than the C57/KsJ - db/db mice (608.5 mg/dL). However, the body weight of these db/db -per2 mice was significantly higher than both the C57/KsJ- db/db (66.4 vs 44.8 g) as well as control mice (33.9 g). The metabolic flexibility, which is represented by respiratory exchange ratio and measured using TSE LabMaster Indirect Calorimetry System, was significantly compromised in the db/db -per2 mice when compared to controls. We then determined the BP in the db/db -per2 mice using radiotelemetry under 12: 12 light: dark cycle. The circadian parameters of BP, including period length, amplitude and acrophase were calculated using Chronos-fit software. The results demonstrated that db/db -per2 mice have normal BP value but disrupted BP circadian rhythm, with decreased power of 24h oscillation, diminished amplitude and shifted acrophase. However, the extent of the disruption was significantly less than that we have reported in the C57/KsJ- db/db mice. By using LumiCycle, we are currently investigating the clock gene functions in various tissues including SCN, aorta, liver, and etc isolated from db/db -Per2 mice. In summary, we demonstrated that both hyperglycemia and obesity significantly contribute to the disruption in BP circadian rhythm in db/db mice.

scholarly journals BAYESIAN EVALUATION OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHM IN BLOOD PRESSURE FLUCTUATIONS

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 2_111-120
Author(s):  
Yasunori URAGARI ◽  
Masashi GOTO ◽  
Takeaki NAGAI
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations

Burnout of the Mind – Burnout of the Body?

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Traunmüller ◽  
Kerstin Gaisbachgrabner ◽  
Helmut Karl Lackner ◽  
Andreas R. Schwerdtfeger
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urinary Catecholamines ◽  
Morning Cortisol ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Cortisol Increase

Abstract. In the present paper we investigate whether patients with a clinical diagnosis of burnout show physiological signs of burden across multiple physiological systems referred to as allostatic load (AL). Measures of the sympathetic-adrenergic-medullary (SAM) axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis were assessed. We examined patients who had been diagnosed with burnout by their physicians (n = 32) and were also identified as burnout patients based on their score in the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) and compared them with a nonclinical control group (n = 19) with regard to indicators of allostatic load (i.e., ambulatory ECG, nocturnal urinary catecholamines, salivary morning cortisol secretion, blood pressure, and waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]). Contrary to expectations, a higher AL index suggesting elevated load in several of the parameters of the HPA and SAM axes was found in the control group but not in the burnout group. The control group showed higher norepinephrine values, higher blood pressure, higher WHR, higher sympathovagal balance, and lower percentage of cortisol increase within the first hour after awakening as compared to the patient group. Burnout was not associated with AL. Results seem to indicate a discrepancy between self-reported burnout symptoms and psychobiological load.

HIPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM PADA IBU HAMIL DI KLINIK BIDAN SUPRIYATI SRIBIT BERBAH SLEMAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Pramukti Dian Setianingrum ◽  
Farah Irmania Tsani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hyperemesis Gravidarum ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World

Backgroud: The World Health Organization (WHO) explained that the number of Hyperemesis Gravidarum cases reached 12.5% of the total number of pregnancies in the world and the results of the Demographic Survey conducted in 2007, stated that 26% of women with live births experienced complications. The results of the observations conducted at the Midwife Supriyati Clinic found that pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum, with a comparison of 10 pregnant women who examined their contents there were about 4 pregnant women who complained of excessive nausea and vomiting. Objective: to determine the hyperemesis Gravidarum of pregnant mother in clinic. Methods: This study used Qualitative research methods by using a case study approach (Case Study.) Result: The description of excessive nausea of vomiting in women with Hipermemsis Gravidarum is continuous nausea and vomiting more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the body weight decreases and interferes with daily activities days The factors that influence the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum are Hormonal, Diet, Unwanted Pregnancy, and psychology, primigravida does not affect the occurrence of Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Conclusion: Mothers who experience Hyperemesis Gravidarum feel nausea vomiting continuously more than 10 times in one day, no appetite or vomiting when fed, the body feels weak, blood pressure decreases until the weight decreases and interferes with daily activities, it is because there are several factors, namely, hormonal actors, diet, unwanted pregnancy, and psychology.

COMPARISON OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE EFFECT OF MOXONIDINE VERSUS CLONIDINE IN RENAL FAILURE PATIENTS.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
DR.MATHEW GEORGE ◽  
DR.LINCY JOSEPH ◽  
MRS.DEEPTHI MATHEW ◽  
ALISHA MARIA SHAJI ◽  
BIJI JOSEPH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
Blood Flows

Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against blood vessel walls as the heart pumps out blood, and high blood pressure, also called hypertension, is an increase in the amount of force that blood places on blood vessels as it moves through the body. Factors that can increase this force include higher blood volume due to extra fluid in the blood and blood vessels that are narrow, stiff, or clogged(1). High blood pressure can damage blood vessels in the kidneys, reducing their ability to work properly. When the force of blood flow is high, blood vessels stretch so blood flows more easily. Eventually, this stretching scars and weakens blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the kidneys.

Formulation, Design and Development of Niosome Based Topical Gel for Skin Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Hemorrhagic Cystitis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Formulation Design ◽  
Topical Gel

Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer in which mostly damaged unpaired DNA starts mutating abnormally and staged an unprecedented proliferation of epithelial skin to form a malignant tumor. In epidemics of skin, pigment-forming melanocytes of basal cells start depleting and form uneven black or brown moles. Melanoma can further spread all over the body parts and could become hard to detect. In USA Melanoma kills an estimated 10,130 people annually. This challenge can be succumbed by using the certain anti-cancer drug. In this study design, cyclophosphamide were used as a model drug. But it has own limitation like mild to moderate use may cause severe cytopenia, hemorrhagic cystitis, neutropenia, alopecia and GI disturbance. This is a promising challenge, which is caused due to the increasing in plasma drug concentration above therapeutic level and due to no rate limiting steps involved in formulation design. In this study, we tried to modify drug release up to threefold and extended the release of drug by preparing and designing niosome based topical gel. In the presence of Dichloromethane, Span60 and cholesterol, the initial niosomes were prepared using vacuum evaporator. The optimum percentage drug entrapment efficacy, zeta potential, particle size was found to be 72.16%, 6.19mV, 1.67µm.Prepared niosomes were further characterized using TEM analyzer. The optimum batch of niosomes was selected and incorporated into topical gel preparation. Cold inversion method and Poloxamer -188 and HPMC as core polymers, were used to prepare cyclophosphamide niosome based topical gel. The formula was designed using Design expert 7.0.0 software and Box-Behnken Design model was selected. Almost all the evaluation parameters were studied and reported. The MTT shows good % cell growth inhibition by prepared niosome based gel against of A375 cell line. The drug release was extended up to 20th hours. Further as per ICH Q1A (R2), guideline 6 month stability studies were performed. The results were satisfactory and indicating a good formulation approach design was achieved for Melanoma treatment.

Efficacy and safety of drospirenone-containing microdosage combined oral contraceptive use with starting contraception

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
A R Khachaturian ◽  
E V Misharina ◽  
M I Yarmolinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
The Body ◽  
Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Combined Oral Contraceptive

Androgen-dependent dermopathy, as well as premenstrual syndrome of varying severity in young women, can cause emotional depression, difficulties in social adaptation and even depressive disorders. The aim of the study was to study the safety and efficacy of using a combined oral contraceptive (COC) Dimia® containing 20 μg ethinyl estradiol and 3 mg drospirenone in young women, as well as its therapeutic effects in androgen-dependent dermopathy. Materials and methods. The study included 57 young women aged 23.1±2.2 years with signs of androgen-dependent dermopathy. The evaluation of the change in the character of menstrual bleeding, the anthropometric parameters (body weight, waist circumference and hips), the therapeutic effect of the drug on the symptoms of androgen-dependent dermopathy, as well as the dynamics of arterial pressure, hemoglobin level, serum iron have been studied. The psycho-emotional state was assessed using the SAN questionnaire (well-being-activity-mood). Results. During 6 months of observation, there was no significant change in the body mass index, waist circumference, and hips, and the drug did not affect the blood pressure numbers. Against the background of taking the drug, there was an increase in the parameters of iron metabolism (hemoglobin content, serum iron). After 3 months of taking the contraceptive with drospirenone, the number of patients with a complaint about the abundance of menstruation decreased more than twofold (from 22.8 to 10.5%), and after 6 months of taking the drug no patient noted the profuse nature of menstruation. Before the start of taking COC with drospirenone, 57.9% of women reported painful menstrual bleeding. Against the background of taking the contraceptive within 3 months, this complaint was stopped in all patients. Sufficient efficacy of treatment of androgen dependent dermopathy in young women with the help of a microdosed drospirenone-containing combined oral contraceptive is estimated from the dermatological acne index. The analysis of the SAN questionnaire made it possible to reveal the improvement in the psychoemotional state of patients on the background of taking the drug. The conclusion. The results obtained proved the effectiveness and safety of the microclinized COC Dimia®. The drug has no significant effect on body weight, blood pressure, provides reliable control of the cycle and a decrease in menstrual bleeding, which results in stabilization of iron metabolism in the body. Dimia® is effective in the treatment of androgen-dependent dermopathy and can be recommended to young women for starting contraception.

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