scholarly journals Two-Hour Magneto-Priming with Static Magnetic Fields Ranging from 65 ± 3 to 505 ± 8 mT Does Not Improve the Germination Percentage of Industrial Hemp Seed at a Sub-Optimal Germination Temperature

J ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
Kathrin Spendier
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hemp Seed ◽  
Static Magnetic Fields ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
The U.S

Industrial hemp is a non-psychoactive variety of Cannabis sativa L., i.e., it contains less than 0.3% tetrahydrocannabinols (THC). This crop is one of historical importance in the U.S. as manufacturers seek industrial hemp as a renewable and sustainable resource for a wide variety of consumer and industrial products. To help farmers succeed, agronomic research on industrial hemp is needed. In this trial, investigations were performed to determine whether magneto-priming, a form of seed priming that involves magnetic fields, effects the germination percentage of industrial hemp seed. Beneficial effects of magnetic fields on seedling growths and germination have been reported for many different plant species. Dry industrial hemp seed was exposed to static magnetic fields ranging from 65 ± 3 to 505 ± 8 mT for 2 h prior to seed germination. Germination was performed at 13.6 ± 0.7 °C, a temperature that is representative of the germination temperatures of industrial hemp in the U.S. state of Colorado. Magneto-priming of seed had no statistically significant effect on seed germination percentage.

scholarly journals Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Varieties and Seed Pre-Treatments Affect Seed Germination and Early Growth of Seedlings

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Mohammad Moinul Islam ◽  
Zed Rengel ◽  
Paul Storer ◽  
Kadambot H. M. Siddique ◽  
Zakaria M. Solaiman
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Hemp Seed ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings

Seed germination and seedling growth are two essential early determinants of subsequent crop yield and quality. A high germination percentage of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed is required to import into Australia. The viability of hemp seed can decline rapidly depending on storage and other factors; hence, the quality of imported seed is not always reliable. Here, we aimed to investigate germination and early seedling growth responses of 14 industrial hemp varieties after being imported from various countries. Germination trials were conducted with 100 seeds of 14 varieties using a soil-less Petri dish assay and a compost growth medium under glasshouse conditions. We also assessed the effect of seed pre-treatments such as gibberellic acid (500 and 1000 mg·L−1), chlorine dioxide (500 and 1000 mg·L−1) and cold temperature (4 °C for 72 h) using 300 seeds of each of the three selected varieties in compost growth medium. Hemp varieties imported from China had higher germination and better seedling growth indices than those imported from Europe. All seed pre-treatments were associated with a decreasing trend in germination, but a positive effect on early growth responses was observed. Our findings indicate that the hemp variety Han FNQ performed better than many other varieties did regarding seed germination and seedling growth. Hemp seeds sanitising with 500 mg·L−1 of chlorine dioxide might improve the germination and early growth of seedlings.

ENHANCING SEED GERMINATION OF FOUR CROP SPECIES USING AN ULTRASONIC TECHNIQUE

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. GOUSSOUS ◽  
N. H. SAMARAH ◽  
A. M. ALQUDAH ◽  
M. O. OTHMAN
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Us ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Parallel Tests

SUMMARYA laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the effect of ultrasound (US) treatment on seed germination of chickpea, wheat, pepper and watermelon. All tests were carried out at 40 kHz in a water bath ultrasonic device varying two factors, treatment duration (5, 10, 15, 30, 45 or 60 min) and germination temperature (15 or 20 °C). Parallel tests were run in which seeds were soaked in water without sonication in order to eliminate the effect of water from US test results. The effects of US on seed germination varied between crops and were more obvious on germination speed, expressed as germination rate index (GRI), rather than on germination percentage (GP). In particular, US treatment significantly increased the GRI of chickpeas, wheat and watermelon, resulting in a maximum increase of 133% (at 45 min), 95% (30 min) and 45% (5 min), respectively, above control seeds. The beneficial effects of US on the GRI of these crops were observed at both 15 and 20 °C, suggesting that US treatment offers a practical priming method to overcome the slow germination that may occur at low temperatures. Water-soaking treatment improved the GP of both chickpea and pepper seeds by 59 and 24%, respectively, compared to the control but neither water nor US had any positive effect on pepper GRI. Post-treatment measurement of moisture content of these seeds produced variable results depending on crop species and US treatment duration. Results of this research indicated that US treatment effectively enhanced speed of germination of chickpea, wheat and watermelon seeds. This increase in speed of germination may improve early field establishment of these crops in the semiarid Mediterranean region and thus needs further investigation. The US technique may also be very useful for plant propagators in nurseries to achieve fast seedling establishment of watermelon.

scholarly journals The Effect of Osmopriming on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Characteristics of Carum carvi L.

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Iman Mirmazloum ◽  
Attila Kiss ◽  
Éva Erdélyi ◽  
Márta Ladányi ◽  
Éva Zámboriné Németh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Carum Carvi ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Seedling Characteristics

Two experiments (in Petri dishes and in soil) were conducted to investigate the effects of osmopriming on seed germination and the early seedling characteristics of caraway (Carum carvi L. var. annua). The priming treatments in the Petri dish experiment were: polyethylene glycol (5%, 10% and 20%), KNO3 (0.5%, 1% and 2%) and KCL (1%, 2% and 4%) with three different soaking times (12, 24 and 36 h) along with control (non-primed seeds). Only polyethylene glycol and H2O were applied in the cell tray experiment, which were then compared with the non-primed seeds. In the Petri dish experiment, all three priming reagents significantly enhanced seedling length, with the most effective treatments being 5% PEG, 2% KNO3 and 1% KCL for 12 h. The plumule dry weights were also increased significantly after PEG (20% for 36 h), KNO3 (2% for 24 and 36 h) and KCL (1% for 12 h) treatments in comparison with the control. In the soil experiment, osmopriming with PEG significantly improved the germination rate (GR) and percentage, the plumule dry and fresh weights and the plumule length of caraway seedlings when compared with the control. A 23% higher germination percentage was recorded for the seeds treated with 5% PEG for 24 h as compared with the non-primed seeds. The PEG-primed seeds produced significantly longer seedlings when treated with 5% PEG for 24 h. All of the applied PEG treatments significantly enhanced the plumule fresh and dry weights, with the best outcomes being after 5% PEG (24 h) and 10% PEG (36 h) treatments, respectively. The 12-h hydro-priming also significantly enhanced all of the studied germination parameters when compared to the control. The results of the presented experiments show the significant positive effects of seed priming on caraway germination and how early seedling performance can easily be adopted by producers.

scholarly journals Effect of Calcium Nitrate and Potassium Nitrate Priming on Seed Germination and Seedling Vigour of Papaya (Carica papaya L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Maneesha S R ◽  
Priya Devi S
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Seedling Characteristics

The effect of seed priming with calcium nitrate Ca (NO3)2 and potassium nitrate (KNO3) on germination and seedling vigour were studied in papaya varieties. Open pollinated local (gauty) papaya seeds were soaked in Ca (NO3)2 and KNO3 solutions (10000 ppm, 15000 ppm and 20000 ppm) up to 24 hours and germination percentage and seedling characteristics were recorded. The least number of days taken for seed germination (4.33 days), the highest germination percentage (82.56 % ), the highest shoot length (14.31 cm) the highest fresh biomass (1.36 g) and dry biomass (0.174 g) were recorded in 10000 ppm   Ca(NO3)2 treatment. Further, seeds of papaya varieties viz., Arka Surya, Arka Prabhat and Madhu bindhu were treated with 5000 ppm, 10000 ppm and 15000 ppm Ca (NO3)2 and observed that Arka Prabhat seeds treated with 10000 ppm Ca (NO3)2 hadtaken the least number of days for germination (4.75 days) and also the highest shoot length (25.2 cm). The results of the experiment proved the significant effect of calcium ions over potassium ions on papaya seed germination and seedling vigour.

Modeling and optimizing in vitro seed germination of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 113753
Author(s):  
Mohsen Hesami ◽  
Marco Pepe ◽  
Adrian Scott Monthony ◽  
Austin Baiton ◽  
Andrew Maxwell Phineas Jones
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Industrial Hemp

scholarly journals Effect of priming regimes on seed germination of field crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
N. Nyoni ◽  
E. Ndlovu ◽  
M. Maphosa
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Shallow Soils ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Semi Arid

Germination, early emergence and stand establishment of crops are major yield determining factors in semi-arid and arid rainfed areas. Farmers in marginal and low input areas tend to have poor germination due to poor and shallow soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of priming regimes on seed germination of field crops. A study was conducted at Lupane State University, Biotechnology Laboratory in 2019. Treatments included seed priming techniques, namely hydropriming, halopriming (2% NaCl solution) osmopriming (10% PEG 6000), and solid matrix priming (18% volume/weight sand); and timing at 6, 12, 24 hours for maize and 2, 4, 6 hours for cowpea, sorghum and millet. Solid matrix priming, followed by hydropriming significantly (P<0.05) improved germination parameters (germination percentage, daily germination, peak value and germination speed) of all crops. Halopriming and osmopriming were similar in their ineffectiveness, and resulted in the least germination parameter values. Six hour solid matrix priming in 18% v/w sand was the most effective method among most crops; suggesting that solid matrix priming is an effective and possibly low cost technology, with potential to improve germination of field crops. Key words: Seed hydration, semi-arid, solid matrix priming

scholarly journals Hydropriming and Biopriming Improve Medicago truncatula Seed Germination and Upregulate DNA Repair and Antioxidant Genes

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
Chiara Forti ◽  
Ajay Shankar ◽  
Anjali Singh ◽  
Alma Balestrazzi ◽  
Vishal Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Northern India

Seed germination is a critical parameter for the successful development of sustainable agricultural practices. While seed germination is impaired by environmental constraints emerging from the climate change scenario, several types of simple procedures, known as priming, can be used to enhance it. Seed priming is defined as the process of regulating seed germination by managing a series of parameters during the initial stages of germination. Hydropriming is a highly accessible and economic technique that involves soaking of seeds in water followed by drying. Biopriming refers to the inoculation of seeds with beneficial microorganism. The present study aims to investigate whether hydropriming and biopriming could enhance seed germination. Thereby, the germination of Medicago truncatula seeds exposed to hydropriming and/or Bacillus spp. isolates was monitored for two-weeks. The seeds were sown in trays containing two types of in situ agricultural soils collected from Northern India (Karsara, Varanasi). This region is believed to be contaminated by solid waste from a nearby power plant. Phenotypic parameters had been monitored and compared to find the most appropriate combination of treatments. Additionally, qRT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression levels of specific genes used as molecular indicators of seed quality. The results show that, while hydropriming significantly enhanced seed germination percentage, biopriming resulted in improved seedling development, represented by increased biomass rather than seedling length. At a molecular level, this is reflected by the upregulation of genes involved in DNA damage repair and antioxidant defence. In conclusion, hydropriming and biopriming are efficient to improve seed germination and seedling establishment in soils collected from damaged sites of Northern India; this is reflected by morphological parameters and molecular hallmarks of seed quality.

scholarly journals Cannabis, the Plant of the Unlimited Possibilities

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Klaus Dölle ◽  
David E. Kurzmann
Keyword(s):  
Review Paper ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Farm Bill ◽  
State Regulations ◽  
Extraction Processes ◽  
Alternative Feedstock ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
High Cellulose ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Beauty Products

This review paper gives an overview of Cannabis Sativa, also known as hemp, which has been cultivated and used century's B.C. due to its medical, hallucinogenic and agricultural properties. Cannabis has been described in 1938 as the billion-dollar plant but has lost its value in the U.S. due to regulatory and legislative issues. Hemp has seen as new push In the U.S. with the introduction of the 2018 Farm Bill which allows on a federal level to grow hemp, pending on individual state regulations. Currently, industrial hemp production is allowed in at least 38 U.S. States under strict regulations. Today hemp is used in counties that do not have as strict regulations as the U.S. in a variety of applications such as beauty products, carpets, cooking oil, personal care products and textiles. Hemp can be considered as an alternative feedstock due to its low lignin and high cellulose level for biofuel application as an alternative to replace petroleum-based fuels and gases. In the U.S. hemp research in these areas has stalled due to the complexity of the law. Beside industrial application such as ropes, textiles, shoes, etc., hemp today is used in pharmaceutical and medical applications, by extracting Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabinoids from the leaves and fluorescence of the hemp plant that contain no more than of up to 0.3% of these compounds. The use of hemp plants with higher levels are strictly forbidden in most countries. Several extraction processes of cannabinoids from hemp are used They all use a solvent for extraction but differ in terms of efficiency, usage range and other factors influencing the extraction. Nonetheless, overconsumption of cannabis products can be associated with several side effects, that can cause serious physiological and psychological damage in the human body may cause serious damage.

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