scholarly journals Low Latency 5G Distributed Wireless Network Architecture: A Techno-Economic Comparison

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alhassan Gedel ◽  
Nnamdi I. Nwulu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Wireless Network ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Distributed Antenna ◽  
Device To Device

The most profound requirements of fifth-generation (5G) technology implementations are the architecture design and the radio base station technology to capably run applications such as device-to-device, machine-to machine and internet of things at a reduced latency. Owing to these requirements, the implementation of 5G technology is very expensive to mobile network operators (MNO). In this study we modified the existing 4G network to form a distributed wireless network architecture (DWNA); the picocell and distributed antenna system were modified to support the enabling technology of 5G technology were a multi-edge computer (MEC), software-defined networking (SDN), massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO), ultra-dense network (UDN), Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and device-to-device (D2D) communication at a reduced cost of ownership, improved coverage and capacity. We present a mathematical model for operational expenditure, capital expenditure and total cost of ownership (TCO) for the DWNA. A mathematical model for DWNA capacity and throughput was presented. Result shows that it is very economical for MNO to rent the space of the tower infrastructure from tower companies. The sensitivity analysis also shows a significant reduction in TCO for both the modified picocell and modified distributed antenna systems.

scholarly journals Improved Water-Filling Power Allocation for Energy-Efficient Massive MIMO Downlink Transmissions

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
M. K Noor Shahida ◽  
Rosdiadee Nordin ◽  
Mahamod Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Power Allocation ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Massive Mimo ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Downlink Transmission ◽  
Allocation Algorithm ◽  
Mimo Antenna ◽  
Water Filling ◽  
Water Filling Algorithm

Abstract Energy Efficiency (EE) is becoming increasingly important for wireless communications and has caught more attention due to steadily rising energy costs and environmental concerns. Recently, a new network architecture known as Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) has been proposed with the remarkable potential to achieve huge gains in EE with simple linear processing. In this paper, a power allocation algorithm is proposed for EE to achieve the optimal EE in Massive MIMO. Based on the simplified expression, we develop a new algorithm to compute the optimal power allocation algorithm and it has been compared with the existing scheme from the previous literature. An improved water filling algorithm is proposed and embedded in the power allocation algorithm to maximize EE and Spectral Efficiency (SE). The numerical analysis of the simulation results indicates an improvement of 40% in EE and 50% in SE at the downlink transmission, compared to the other existing schemes. Furthermore, the results revealed that SE does not influence the EE enhancement after using the proposed algorithm as the number of Massive MIMO antenna at the Base Station (BS) increases.

A Framework for High-Speed Passenger Train Wireless Network Radio Evaluations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subharthi Banerjee ◽  
Michael Hempel ◽  
Naji Albakay ◽  
Pejman Ghasemzadeh ◽  
Hamid Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Network ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Passenger Train ◽  
Past Experiences

By 2030, the United States Federal Transit Administration (FTA) plans to have High Speed Train (HST) systems deployed that span over 12,000 miles across the US. Given the rapidly accelerating growth in consumers demand for fast on-board Internet services, there is a need for a robust and dedicated railroad wireless network architecture for their onboard and Train-to-Ground (T2G) communication systems. And while there are several potential candidates for radio access technologies (RAT), a full understanding of the benefits and drawbacks of each is still missing. We therefore have developed and studied a simulation framework that offers railroads the ability to perform an in-depth evaluation of capabilities for different RATs in terms of interoperability, throughput, handover and bit error rate for various user-driven scenarios. The framework is capable of studying and analyzing conditions such as network performance at different train velocities, base station spacing requirements, as well as analyzing US-specific geographical or track-related architectural scenarios. Our Past experiences in researching railroad wireless solutions have shown that wireless network performance varies widely in environments like tunnels, viaducts, bridges, stations, etc. The simulator offers the network designers significant flexibility in terms of defining parameters to create simulation scenarios and obtaining a detailed understanding of network performance. The work has created a novel, flexible and adaptable simulation framework for high-speed passenger train wireless network evaluation. The simulation tool supports 220MHz-100GHz systems for simulating LTE and 5G-New Radio (5G-NR), and it can support other technologies such as 220MHz PTC, in a time-variant channel. In this paper we present the architecture and the capabilities of the simulator with a sample scenario evaluation. The developed framework aims to support HST wireless communication designers to conduct more detailed analyses and to make more informed decisions in optimizing system deployments.

scholarly journals Limited Feedback Precoding for Massive MIMO

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Su ◽  
Jie Zeng ◽  
Jingyu Li ◽  
Liping Rong ◽  
Lili Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Massive Mimo ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Limited Feedback ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Array Antenna ◽  
Codebook Design ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Scenarios Simulation

The large-scale array antenna system with numerous low-power antennas deployed at the base station, also known as massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), can provide a plethora of advantages over the classical array antenna system. Precoding is important to exploit massive MIMO performance, and codebook design is crucial due to the limited feedback channel. In this paper, we propose a new avenue of codebook design based on a Kronecker-type approximation of the array correlation structure for the uniform rectangular antenna array, which is preferable for the antenna deployment of massive MIMO. Although the feedback overhead is quite limited, the codebook design can provide an effective solution to support multiple users in different scenarios. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed codebook outperforms the previously known codebooks remarkably.

scholarly journals An Investigation of Spectral Efficiency in Linear MRC and MMSE Detectors with Perfect and Imperfect CSI for Massive MIMO Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-501
Author(s):  
Indrajeet Kumar ◽  
Ritesh Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Mimo Systems ◽  
Minimum Mean Square Error ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Imperfect Csi ◽  
Detector Performance ◽  
Mmse Detector ◽  
Sum Rate

In this paper, the performance of two linear detectors in multi-user (MU) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems is investigated. The uplink sum rate and lower bound of channel capacity is derived for both maximum-ratio combination (MRC) and minimum mean square error (MMSE) schemes considering imperfect and perfect channel state information (CSI) conditions. Results show that linear detector performance improves dramatically when the number of base station (BS) users is smaller than that of BS antennas. It is being demonstrated that in the case of imperfect CSI and the number of BS antennas in the conditions of perfect CSI the transmitting power of users can be decreased by the square root of the number of BS antennas. Simulation results show that the MMSE detector outperforms the MRC detector. The results indicated that the system's uplink sum rate is increased by using significantly larger antenna arrays as opposed to just one antenna system. The findings of the Monte-Carlo simulation are very close to the analytical results.

scholarly journals A Novel Design of Microstrip Arrays for Relay-Based Wireless Network

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Petropoulos ◽  
Konstantinos Voudouris ◽  
Raed A. Abd-Alhameed ◽  
Steve M. R. Jones ◽  
Nikos Athanasopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Network ◽  
Return Loss ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Backhaul Link ◽  
4G Wireless ◽  
Novel Design ◽  
Access Link ◽  
Good Agreement

A relay station (RS) is a smart transceiver used under a 4G wireless network in order to extend network's coverage and capacity. It uses an antenna system that includes an antenna for connecting the relay with the end users (access link) and the RS with the base station (backhaul link). In this paper, a 7.9 dBi access and 11.4 dBi backhaul antennas are presented for the frequency range of 3.3 to 3.8 GHz. The antennas are simulated and fabricated, and relevant measured results in terms of return loss and radiation pattern are presented and analyzed. Considering that the planes of those two antennas are positioned in an angle (omega), two antenna configuration geometries are tested in terms of coupling. The experimental results of for several values of the angle show that the interaction between the radiating elements is dependent on their relative position. Simulated and experimental results are in good agreement, showing coupling typically less than −40 dB. A comparison in terms of coupling between the proposed antennas and commercial ones proves that the suggested antennas provide 10 dB lower coupling.

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