scholarly journals Identification of Select Fumonisin Forming Fusarium Species Using PCR Applications of the Polyketide Synthase Gene and its Relationship to Fumonisin Production in vitro

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 554-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Baird ◽  
Hamed Abbas ◽  
Gary Windham ◽  
Paul Williams ◽  
Sonya Baird ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Polyketide Synthase Gene

scholarly journals RedEx: a method for seamless DNA insertion and deletion in large multimodular polyketide synthase gene clusters

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (22) ◽  
pp. e130-e130
Author(s):  
Chaoyi Song ◽  
Ji Luan ◽  
Ruijuan Li ◽  
Chanjuan Jiang ◽  
Yu Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Methyltransferase Gene ◽  
Polyketide Synthase Gene ◽  
Extra Sequence

Abstract Biosynthesis reprograming is an important way to diversify chemical structures. The large repetitive DNA sequences existing in polyketide synthase genes make seamless DNA manipulation of the polyketide biosynthetic gene clusters extremely challenging. In this study, to replace the ethyl group attached to the C-21 of the macrolide insecticide spinosad with a butenyl group by refactoring the 79-kb gene cluster, we developed a RedEx method by combining Redαβ mediated linear-circular homologous recombination, ccdB counterselection and exonuclease mediated in vitro annealing to insert an exogenous extension module in the polyketide synthase gene without any extra sequence. RedEx was also applied for seamless deletion of the rhamnose 3′-O-methyltransferase gene in the spinosad gene cluster to produce rhamnosyl-3′-desmethyl derivatives. The advantages of RedEx in seamless mutagenesis will facilitate rational design of complex DNA sequences for diverse purposes.

scholarly journals The Toxin Cercosporin is a Virulence Factor for Infection of Coffee by Cercospora coffeicola

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. C. Souza ◽  
S. Herrero ◽  
M. E. Daub
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Mycelial Plug ◽  
Polyketide Synthase Gene ◽  
Cercospora Coffeicola

ABSTRACTBrown eye spot, caused by Cercospora coffeicola, causes significant losses in both quality and quantity of coffee production. As many Cercospora spp. produce the photoactivated toxin cercosporin, this study aimed to determine the role of cercosporin in C. coffeicola pathogenesis by creating disruption mutants unable to produce the toxin. Six C. coffeicola isolates from Brazilian fields, representing organic and conventional production systems in the Minas Gerais state, were evaluated for their ability to produce cercosporin in vitro. Toxin production varied among isolates, ranging from 3.5 – 25.3 µM/ 5 mm mycelial plug; production was undetectable in one isolate. The C. coffeicola homolog of the polyketide synthase gene (CTB1) involved in cercosporin production was amplified using a degenerate primer strategy. The 7044 nt ccCTB1 gene sequence was 90.3% identical to the cnCTB1 gene in Cercospora nicotianae and encoded a putative protein of 2196 amino acids with 98.2% similarity and 97.5% identity to its counterpart in C. nicotianae. Transformation of two isolates of C. coffeicola with a CTB1 disruption construct resulted in the recovery of six ctb1 disruption mutants. All of the ctb1 disruptants were deficient in cercosporin production. Disruption mutants did not differ significantly from the wild type for either growth or sporulation, but were significantly altered in virulence on coffee. As compared to wild type, time to lesion development was significantly increased and numbers of lesions were significantly decreased in coffee plants inoculated with ctb1 disruption mutants. These results show that cercosporin toxin is a virulence factor for C. coffeicola infection of coffee.

scholarly journals Chemical and biological control of Fusarium species involved in garlic dry rot at early crop stages

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letizia Mondani ◽  
Giorgio Chiusa ◽  
Paola Battilani
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Great Capacity ◽  
Chemical Products

AbstractThe aim of the study was to test in vitro and in vivo the efficacy of triazoles and biocontrol agents (BCAs) against Fusarium proliferatum and F. oxysporum, the former signaled as the main causal agent of garlic dry rot and the latter also involved. In vitro trials were organized using potato dextrose agar with added chemicals or BCAs inoculated with selected F. proliferatum and F. oxysporum. Garlic cloves were dipped before sowing in suspensions prepared with the fungicides showing the best performances in vitro; then they were dipped in Fusaria suspension before sowing. In in vitro trials, the maximum Fusaria growth inhibition was performed by Propiconazole + Prochloraz (100%), followed by Tebuconazole (88.9%). BCAs showed great capacity to control Fusaria, with a maximum growth inhibition of 80% (Trichoderma harzianum + T. gamsii). In vivo bacterial BCAs showed a similar capacity to control F. proliferatum and F. oxysporum compared to chemical products (mean of severity index 18.6% and 11.7%, respectively). In vivo results confirmed the in vitro performances, except for Trichoderma, which had the worst performances in vivo. Therefore, the results are preliminary but promising for future field application.

scholarly journals Effects of Antagonists on Mycotoxins of Seedborne Fusarium spp. in Sweet Corn

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Mary E. Ridout ◽  
Bruce Godfrey ◽  
George Newcombe
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Fusarium Mycotoxins ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Pichia Membranifaciens ◽  
Mature Seeds ◽  
F1 Cross

Fusarium species coexist as toxigenic, systemic pathogens in sweet corn seed production in southwestern Idaho, USA. We hypothesized that fungal antagonists of seedborne Fusarium would differentially alter production of Fusarium mycotoxins directly and/or systemically. We challenged the Fusarium complex by in vitro antagonism trials and in situ silk and seed inoculations with fungal antagonists. Fungal antagonists reduced growth and sporulation of Fusarium species in vitro from 40.5% to as much as 100%. Pichia membranifaciens and Penicillium griseolum reduced fumonisin production by F. verticillioides by 73% and 49%, respectively, while P. membranifaciens and a novel Penicillium sp. (WPT) reduced fumonisins by F. proliferatum 56% and 78%, respectively. In situ, pre-planting inoculation of seeds with Penicillium WPT systemically increased fumonisins in the resulting crop. Morchella snyderi applied to silks of an F1 cross systemically reduced deoxynivalenol by 47% in mature seeds of the F2. Antagonists failed to suppress Fusarium in mature kernels following silk inoculations, although the ratio of F. verticillioides to total Fusarium double with some inoculants. Fusarium mycotoxin concentrations in sweet corn seed change systemically, as well as locally, in response to the presence of fungal antagonists, although in Fusarium presence in situ was not changed.

pks63787, a Polyketide Synthase Gene Responsible for the Biosynthesis of Benzenoids in the Medicinal Mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1485-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Wei Yu ◽  
Ya-Chih Chang ◽  
Ruey-Fen Liou ◽  
Tzong-Huei Lee ◽  
Shean-Shong Tzean
Keyword(s):  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Medicinal Mushroom ◽  
Antrodia Cinnamomea ◽  
Polyketide Synthase Gene

In Vitro Binding of Zearalenone to Different Adsorbents

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANTE J. BUENO ◽  
LILIANA DI MARCO ◽  
GUILLERMO OLIVER ◽  
ALICIA BARDÓN
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
In Vitro Binding ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Vitro Binding ◽  
Dose Levels

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a potent estrogenic metabolite produced by some Fusarium species. No treatment has been successfully employed to get rid of the ZEA contained in foods. This study was conducted to evaluate the ability (adsorptive power) of five adsorbents—activated carbon, bentonite, talc, sandstone, and calcium sulfate—to trap ZEA in vitro. Activated carbon was the best adsorbent, binding 100% ZEA (pH 3 and 7.3) at 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1% dose levels. Bentonite, talc, and calcium sulfate were less efficient than activated carbon but still could bind ZEA to some extent. On the other hand, sandstone was inactive in the experimental conditions employed. Our results indicate that activated carbon could be a good candidate for detoxification of ZEA present in foods.

scholarly journals Identification of a putative polyketide synthase gene involved in usnic acid biosynthesis in the lichen Nephromopsis pallescens

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. e0199110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Changan Geng ◽  
Xiaolong Yuan ◽  
Mei Hua ◽  
Fenghua Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Usnic Acid ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Polyketide Synthase Gene

Identification of a polyketide synthase gene ( pksP ) of Aspergillus fumigatus involved in conidial pigment biosynthesis and virulence

1998 ◽  
Vol 187 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Langfelder ◽  
Bernhard Jahn ◽  
Heike Gehringer ◽  
Axel Schmidt ◽  
Gerhard Wanner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Polyketide Synthase Gene ◽  
Pigment Biosynthesis

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of Fusarium species associated with crown and root rot of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under different condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Bareen Sidqi Shareef Al-Tovi ◽  
Raed Abduljabbar Haleem
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Spore Suspension ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Crown And Root Rot

This study was conducted to test the pathogenicity of Fusarium species, the causes of crown and root rot disease of wheat crop, under three different conditions (Laboratory, Greenhouse and Field) and to show the best method for pathogenicity among different conditions. Pathogenicity test of six isolates of Fusarium species (F. graminearum, F. oxysporum, F. avenaceum, F. nivale, F. solani and F. udum) was tested on durum (Simeto) cultivar of wheat by test tube method in the laboratory, the tested fungi had substantial effect on seed germination. F. oxysporum showed the highest germination failure (44.44%) which significantly differed with other species. In the greenhouse, seedlings were inoculated by spore suspension at the base of each plant stem. The most virulent fungus after 35 days of inoculation was F. oxysporum (0.78) followed by F. solani (0.70) and F. graminearum (0.66), while the lowest disease severity was recorded by F. udum (0.16). Also in the field pathogenicity experiments of three Fusarium species (F. graminearum, F. oxysporum and F. solani) were performed on a durum (Simeto) and soft (Cham6) cultivars. Spore suspension was applied at the 2- to 3-leaf Zadoks’s growth stage. Disease severity was calculated at two stages of wheat growth (Booting and Ripening).The most virulent fungus was F. graminearum (0.42) that was significantly different from  other fungi. This work indicated that F. graminearum, F. oxysporum and F. solani showed higher infection than remaining tested species under threeconditions. Pathogenicity test in laboratory by test tube method (In-vitro) appeared more effective than greenhouse and field experiments

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