scholarly journals Early Bone Healing on Hydroxyapatite-Coated and Chemically-Modified Hydrophilic Implant Surfaces in an Ovine Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9361
Author(s):  
Elnaz Ajami ◽  
Cong Fu ◽  
Hai Bo Wen ◽  
Jeffrey Bassett ◽  
Sun Jin Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Biological Environment ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Over Time

Implant topography affects early peri-implant bone healing by changing the osteoconduction rate in the surrounding biological environment. Implant surfaces have been designed to promote faster and stronger bone formation for rapid and stable prosthesis loading. Early peri-implant bone healing has been observed with a sandblasted, acid-etched implant that was chemically modified to be hydrophilic (cmSLA). The present study investigates whether early peri-implant bone healing extends to a rough surface implant with a high crystalline hydroxyapatite surface (TSV MP-1 HA). Three implants were randomly placed in porous trabecular bone within both medial femoral condyles of 10 sheep. Early peri-implant bone stability was measured at 3- and 6-weeks healing time following implant insertion. Results indicated a similar implant stability quotient between the implants at insertion and over time. The significant increase over time of reverse torque values with respect to insertion torque (p < 0.001) did not differ between the implants. However, the bone-to-implant contact of TSV MP-1 HA was significantly higher than that of cmSLA implants at 6 weeks (p < 0.01). These data validate previous findings of a hydrophilic implant surface and extend the observation of early osseointegration to a rough surface implant in porous trabecular bone.

Relative Contribution of Trabecular and Cortical Bone to Primary Implant Stability: An In Vitro Model Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Wang ◽  
Steven J. Eppell ◽  
Christian Nguyen ◽  
Nathan Morris
Keyword(s):  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Cortical Layer ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Primary Implant ◽  
Torque Values

The specific aim of this study was to examine the relative contributions to the implant insertion torque value (ITV) by cortical and trabecular components of an in vitro bone model. Simulated bone blocks of polyurethane were used with 2 densities of foam (0.08 g/cm3 to mimic trabecular bone and 0.64 g/cm3 to mimic cortical bone). We have developed a new platform technology to collect data that enables quantitative evaluation of ITV at different implant locations. Seven groups were used to model varying thicknesses of cortical bone over a lower-quality trabecular bone that have clinical significance: a solid 0.08 g/cm3 block; 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm thick 0.64 g/cm3 sheets with no underlayer; and 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm thick 0.64 g/cm3 sheets laminated on top of a 4 cm thick 0.08 g/cm3 block. The ITVs were recorded as a function of insertion displacement distance. Relative contributions of ITV ranged from 3% to 18% from trabecular bone, and 62% to 74% from cortical bone depending on the thickness of the cortical layer. Inserting an implant into 2-mm and 3-mm cortical layers laminated atop trabecular blocks had a synergistic effect on ITVs. Finally, an implant with a reverse bevel design near the abutment showed final average torque values that were 14% to 34% less than their maximum torque values. This work provides basic quantitative information for clinicians to understand the influence of composite layers of bone in relation to mechanical torque resistances during implant insertion in order to obtain desired primary implant stability.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bone Healing on Sandblasted and Acid Etched Implants Coated with Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite: AnIn VivoStudy in Rabbit Femur

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lory Melin Svanborg ◽  
Luiz Meirelles ◽  
Victoria Franke Stenport ◽  
Per Kjellin ◽  
Fredrik Currie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Removal Torque ◽  
Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Torque Analysis ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals ◽  
Rabbit Femur

This study aimed at investigating if a coating of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals would enhance bone healing over time in trabecular bone. Sandblasted and acid etched titanium implants with and without a submicron thick coat of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals (nano-HA) were implanted in rabbit femur with healing times of 2, 4, and 9 weeks. Removal torque analyses and histological evaluations were performed. The torque analysis did not show any significant differences between the implants at any healing time. The control implant showed a tendency of more newly formed bone after 4 weeks of healing and significantly higher bone area values after 9 weeks of healing. According to the results from this present study, both control and nano-HA surfaces were biocompatible and osteoconductive. A submicron thick coating of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals deposited onto blasted and acid etched screw shaped titanium implants did not enhance bone healing, as compared to blasted and etched control implants when placed in trabecular bone.

scholarly journals Bone healing at non-submerged implants installed with different insertion torques: a split-mouth histomorphometric randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Amari ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
Karol Alí Apaza Alccayhuaman ◽  
Natalia Fortich Mesa ◽  
Mauro Ferri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Low Torque ◽  
Torque Values

Abstract Objectives To evaluate histomorphometrically the healing at implants installed with standard or very low insertion torque values Material and methods Twelve volunteer patients were recruited, and two screw-shaped titanium devices were installed in the distal segments of the mandible using insertion torque values of either < 10 Ncm or ~ 30 Ncm. The implants were left to heal in a non-submerged fashion. After 8 weeks, biopsies were retrieved, and ground sections were prepared for histological evaluation. Results Histological slides from 11 patients were available for (n = 11). The new bone in contact with the implant surface was 39.3 ± 18.5% and 49.4 ± 9.4% at the < 10 and ~ 30 Ncm sites, respectively. Considering the pre-existing old bone, the total mineralized bone was 46.8 ± 22.1% at the < 10 Ncm sites and 57.0 ± 14.1% at the ~ 30 Ncm. No statistically significant differences were found. New bone density and total mineralized bone density were 36.6 ± 8.1% and 53.0 ± 13.5% at the < 10 Ncm sites and 35.9 ± 10.0% and 52.2 ± 16.0% at the ~ 30 Ncm sites, respectively. No statistically significant differences were disclosed. Conclusion From the data of the present study, it can be concluded that a trend of higher osseointegration was observed at the ~ 30 Ncm compared to the < 10 Ncm torque group. Nevertheless, it can be concluded that an implant installed with a very low torque may achieve a good integration. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04017156; trial retrospectively registered on 12 July 2019.

Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells modulated by a chemically modified super-hydrophilic titanium implant surface

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Su Kwon ◽  
Jin-Woo Park
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Chemically Modified

This study investigated the osteogenic functionality of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) modulated by a chemically modified super-hydrophilic titanium (Ti) bone implant surface to elucidate the biological mechanism underlying the bone healing capacity of this modified Ti surface. A microstructured Ti surface incorporating bioactive ions (in this study, phosphate (P) ions) was prepared by wet chemical treatment. The results showed that the hydrothermally obtained crystalline P-incorporated Ti surface (P surface) displayed long-term super-hydrophilicity (water contact angles <5°) during a 36-week observation period. The hydrophilic P surface enhanced early cellular functions and osteogenic differentiation of multipotent MSCs derived from mouse bone marrow and human adipose tissue. The expression of critical integrins affecting subsequent osteoblast function and osteoblast phenotype genes was notably upregulated in multipotent MSCs grown on the P surface compared with the commercially available grit-blasted microrough clinical oral implant surface. The P surface supported better cell spreading, focal adhesion and ALP activity of MSCs. These results indicate that a super-hydrophilic P-incorporated Ti surface accelerates implant bone healing by enhancing the early osteogenesis functions of multipotent MSCs.

Impact of medical titanium implant surface on the efficiency of fibrointegration

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
T. R. Davydova ◽  
А. I. Shaikhaliev ◽  
D. A. Usatov ◽  
G. A. Gasanov ◽  
R. S. Korgoloev
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Rough Surface ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Anatase Structure ◽  
Bioactive Coating ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Titanium Alloy Ti6al4v

The aim of this study was to study the effect of surface branching of titanium endoprostheses on the efficiency of fibrointegration. The object of the study was samples of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V in the form of disks with a diameter of 5 mm and a thickness of 1 mm with various surface treatments: 1) samples with a rough surface after sandblasting; 2) samples with a rough surface after sandblasting with a bioactive coating of titanium dioxide TiO2 with anatase structure. The study of surface roughness was carried out by profilometry. Evaluation of the spreading and proliferation of cells on the surface of test samples, as well as evaluation of the effectiveness of fibrointegration was carried out according to standard methods using scanning electron microscopy. During the experiments, mesinchymal stem cells were sown on test samples and the test samples were introduced into the soft tissues of experimental animals. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the technology of forming rough surfaces by sandblasting does not provide high uniformity and reproducibility in the nanometer range and, apparently, another method for obtaining a rough surface should be chosen. The application of a bioactive coating of titanium dioxide TiO2 with the anatase structure to the surface of titanium endoprostheses increases the efficiency of fibrointegration, however, primarily the fibrointegration of titanium endoprostheses depends on their surface roughness, which determines the concentration of cell structures, the intensity of their adhesion and the ability to fibrointegrative process.

scholarly journals Does the manual insertion torque of smartpegs affect the outcome of implant stability quotients (ISQ) during resonance frequency analysis (RFA)?

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Kästel ◽  
Giles de Quincey ◽  
Jörg Neugebauer ◽  
Robert Sader ◽  
Peter Gehrke
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Finger Pressure

Abstract Background There is disagreement about the optimal torque for tightening smartpegs for resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Subjective finger pressure during hand tightening could affect the reliability of the resulting values. The aim of the current study was therefore to assess whether or not the insertion torque of a smartpeg magnetic device influences the implant stability quotient (ISQ) value during RFA. Methods Thirty self-tapping screw implants (XiVE S, Dentsply Sirona Implants, Bensheim, Germany) with a diameter of 3.8 mm and a length of 11 mm were inserted in three cow ribs with a bone quality of D1. The RFA value of each implant was measured (Ostell, FA W&H Dentalwerk, Bürmoos, Austria) in two orthogonal directions (mesial and buccal) after tightening the corresponding smartpeg type 45 with a mechanically defined value of 5 Ncm (Meg Torq device, Megagen, Daegu, South Korea) (test). Additionally, 4 different examiners measured the RFA after hand tightening the smartpegs, and the results were compared (control). Insertion torque values were determined by measuring the unscrew torque of hand seated smartpegs (Tohnichi Manufacturing Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan). Results The ISQ values varied from 2 to 11 Ncm by hand tightening and from 2 to 6 Ncm by machine tightening. The comparison of hand and machine tightening of smartpegs displayed only minor differences in the mean ISQ values with low standard deviations (mesial 79.76 ± 2,11, buccal 77.98 ± 2,) and no statistical difference (mesial p = 0,343 and buccal p = 0,890). Conclusions Manual tightening of smartpeg transducers allows for an objective and reliable determination of ISQ values during RFA.

scholarly journals Can Optimizing the Mechanical Environment Deliver a Clinically Significant Reduction in Fracture Healing Time?

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
Jan Barcik ◽  
Devakara R. Epari
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Mechanical Stimulation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Mechanical Environment ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the local mechanical environment in the fracture gap on the bone healing process has been extensively investigated. Whilst it is widely accepted that mechanical stimulation is integral to callus formation and secondary bone healing, treatment strategies that aim to harness that potential are rare. In fact, the current clinical practice with an initially partial or non-weight-bearing approach appears to contradict the findings from animal experiments that early mechanical stimulation is critical. Therefore, we posed the question as to whether optimizing the mechanical environment over the course of healing can deliver a clinically significant reduction in fracture healing time. In reviewing the evidence from pre-clinical studies that investigate the influence of mechanics on bone healing, we formulate a hypothesis for the stimulation protocol which has the potential to shorten healing time. The protocol involves confining stimulation predominantly to the proliferative phase of healing and including adequate rest periods between applications of stimulation.

Alkali-Modified Titanium Surface Stimulating Formation of Bone-Implant Interface

2007 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 749-752
Author(s):  
J. Strnad ◽  
Jan Macháček ◽  
Z. Strnad ◽  
C. Povýšil ◽  
Marie Strnadová
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Bone Response ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Titanium Implant Surface

This study was carried out to assess the bone response to alkali-modified titanium implant surface (Bio surface), using histomorphometric investigation on an animal model. The mean net contribution of the Bio surface to the increase in bone implant contact (BIC) with reference to the turned, machined surface was evaluated at 7.94 % (BIC/week), within the first five weeks of healing. The contribution was expressed as the difference in the osseointegration rates ( BIC/'healing time) between the implants with alkali modified surface (Bio surface) and those with turned, machined surface. The surface characteristics that differed between the implant surfaces, i.e. surface morphology, specific surface area, contact angle, hydroxylation/hydration, may represent factors that influence the rate of osseointegration.

scholarly journals Surprising Behaviour of the Wageningen B-Screw Series Polynomials

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Helma
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Preliminary Design Stage ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Thrust And Torque ◽  
Over Time

Undoubtedly, the Wageningen B-screw Series is the most widely used systematic propeller series. It is very popular to preselect propeller dimensions during the preliminary design stage before performing a more thorough optimisation, but in the smaller end of the market it is often used to merely select the final propeller. Over time, the originally measured data sets were faired and scaled to a uniform Reynolds number of 2 · 106 to increase the reliability of the series. With the advent of the computer, polynomials for the thrust and torque values were calculated based on the available data sets. The measured data are typically presented in the well-known open-water curves of thrust and torque coefficients K T and K Q versus the advance coefficient J . Changing the presentation from these diagrams to efficiency maps reveals some unsuspected and surprising behaviours, such as multiple extrema when optimising for efficiency or even no optimum at all for certain conditions, where an optimum could be expected. These artefacts get more pronounced at higher pitch to diameter ratios and low blade numbers. The present work builds upon the paper presented by the author at the AMT’17 and smp’19 conferences and now includes the extended efficiency maps, as suggested by Danckwardt, for all propellers of the Wageningen B-screw Series.

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