scholarly journals Cutting Edge Endogenous Promoting and Exogenous Driven Strategies for Bone Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7724
Author(s):  
Iratxe Macías ◽  
Natividad Alcorta-Sevillano ◽  
Arantza Infante ◽  
Clara I. Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Bone Damage ◽  
Wide Range

Bone damage leading to bone loss can arise from a wide range of causes, including those intrinsic to individuals such as infections or diseases with metabolic (diabetes), genetic (osteogenesis imperfecta), and/or age-related (osteoporosis) etiology, or extrinsic ones coming from external insults such as trauma or surgery. Although bone tissue has an intrinsic capacity of self-repair, large bone defects often require anabolic treatments targeting bone formation process and/or bone grafts, aiming to restore bone loss. The current bone surrogates used for clinical purposes are autologous, allogeneic, or xenogeneic bone grafts, which although effective imply a number of limitations: the need to remove bone from another location in the case of autologous transplants and the possibility of an immune rejection when using allogeneic or xenogeneic grafts. To overcome these limitations, cutting edge therapies for skeletal regeneration of bone defects are currently under extensive research with promising results; such as those boosting endogenous bone regeneration, by the stimulation of host cells, or the ones driven exogenously with scaffolds, biomolecules, and mesenchymal stem cells as key players of bone healing process.

scholarly journals Augmentation of Peri-implant Bone Defects with Different Bone Grafts and Guided Bone Regeneration:

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijian Zhong ◽  
Guowu Ma ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Ryo Tamamura ◽  
Jing Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration

Strategies for inclusion of growth factors into 3D printed bone grafts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Longoni ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Gabriella C.J. Lindberg ◽  
Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina ◽  
Lyn M. Wise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Large Bone

Abstract There remains a critical need to develop new technologies and materials that can meet the demands of treating large bone defects. The advancement of 3-dimensional (3D) printing technologies has allowed the creation of personalized and customized bone grafts, with specific control in both macro- and micro-architecture, and desired mechanical properties. Nevertheless, the biomaterials used for the production of these bone grafts often possess poor biological properties. The incorporation of growth factors (GFs), which are the natural orchestrators of the physiological healing process, into 3D printed bone grafts, represents a promising strategy to achieve the bioactivity required to enhance bone regeneration. In this review, the possible strategies used to incorporate GFs to 3D printed constructs are presented with a specific focus on bone regeneration. In particular, the strengths and limitations of different methods, such as physical and chemical cross-linking, which are currently used to incorporate GFs to the engineered constructs are critically reviewed. Different strategies used to present one or more GFs to achieve simultaneous angiogenesis and vasculogenesis for enhanced bone regeneration are also covered in this review. In addition, the possibility of combining several manufacturing approaches to fabricate hybrid constructs, which better mimic the complexity of biological niches, is presented. Finally, the clinical relevance of these approaches and the future steps that should be taken are discussed.

scholarly journals The impact of thickness of resorbable membrane of human origin on the ossification of bone defects: A pathohistologic study

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 1076-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Bubalo ◽  
Zoran Lazic ◽  
Smiljana Matic ◽  
Zoran Tatic ◽  
Radomir Milovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Bony Defect ◽  
The Third ◽  
Barrier Membrane ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Background/Aim. A wide range of resorbable and nonresorbable membranes have been investigated over the last two decades. The barrier membrane protects the defect from ingrowth of soft tissue cells and allows bone progenitor cells to develop bone within a blood clot that is formed beneath the barrier membrane. The membranes are applied to reconstruct small bony defect prior to implantation, to cover dehiscences and fenestrations around dental implants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of human resorbable demineralized membrane (RHDM) thickness on bone regeneration. Methods. The experiment, approved by Ethical Committee, was performed on 6 dogs and conducted into three phases. Bone defects were created in all the 6 dogs on the left side of the mandible, 8 weeks after extraction of second, third and fourth premolars. One defect was covered with RHDM 100 ? thick, one with RHDM 200 ? thick, and the third defect left empty (control defect). The histopathological analysis was done 2, 4 and 6 months after the surgery. In the third phase samples of bone tissue were taken and subjected to histopathological analysis. Results. In all the 6 dogs the defects treated with RHDM 200 ? thick showed higher level of bone regeneration in comparison with the defect treated with RHDM 100 ? thick and especially with empty defect. Conclusion. Our results demonstrated that the thicker membrane showed the least soft tissue ingrowths and promoted better bone formation at 6 months compared with a thinner one.

Melatonin as a Trigger of Therapeutic Bone Regenerating Capacity in Biomaterials

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinming Huang ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Chengqi He
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Allogeneic Bone ◽  
Beneficial Effects

: Bone defects are usually treated with bone grafting. Several synthetic biomaterials have emerged to replace autologous and allogeneic bone grafts, but there are still shortcomings in bone regeneration. Melatonin has demonstrated a beneficial effect on bone metabolism with the potential to treat fractures, bone defects, and osteoporosis. The hormone promoted osteogenesis, inhibited osteoclastogenesis, stimulated angiogenesis, and reduced peri-implantitis around the graft. Recently, a growing number of studies showed beneficial effects of melatonin to treat bone defects. However, cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in bone healing are still poorly understood. In this review, we recapitulate the potential mechanisms of melatonin, providing a new horizon to the clinical treatment of bone defects.

scholarly journals Guided bone regeneration in staged vertical and horizontal bone augmentation using platelet-rich fibrin associated with bone grafts: a retrospective clinical study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Amaral Valladão ◽  
Mabelle Freitas Monteiro ◽  
Julio Cesar Joly
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Guided Bone Regeneration ◽  
Collagen Membrane ◽  
Bone Augmentation ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Retrospective Clinical Study ◽  
Bone Gain

Abstract Background The use of guided bone regeneration (GBR) for vertical and horizontal bone gain is a predictable approach to correct the bone defects before implant installation; however, the use of different protocols is associated with different clinical results. It is suggested that platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) could improve the outcomes of regenerative procedures. Thus, this study aimed to describe the bone gain associated with GBR procedures combining membranes, bone grafts, and PRF for vertical and horizontal bone augmentation. Materials and methods Eighteen patients who needed vertical or horizontal bone regeneration before installing dental implants were included in the study. The horizontal bone defects were treated with a GBR protocol that includes the use of a mixture of particulate autogenous and xenogenous grafts in the proportion of 1:1, injectable form of PRF (i-PRF) to agglutinate the graft, an absorbable collagen membrane covering the regenerated region, and leukocyte PRF (L-PRF) membrane covering the GBR membrane. The vertical bone defects were treated with the same grafted mixture protected by a titanium-reinforced non-resorbable high-density polytetrafluoroethylene (d-PTFE-Ti) membrane and covered by L-PRF. The bone gain was measured using a cone-beam computed tomography at baseline and after a period of 7.5 (± 1.0) months. Results All patients underwent surgery to install implants after this regenerative protocol. The GBR produces an increase in bone thickness (p < 0.001) and height (p < 0.005) after treatment, with a bone gain of 5.9 ± 2.4 for horizontal defects and 5.6 ± 2.6 for vertical defects. In horizontal defects, the gain was higher in the maxilla than in mandible (p = 0.014) and in anterior than the posterior region (p = 0.033). No differences related to GBR location were observed in vertical defects (p > 0.05). Conclusion GBR associated with a mixture of particulate autogenous and xenogenous grafts and i-PRF is effective for vertical and horizontal bone augmentation in maxillary and mandibular regions, permitting sufficient bone gain to future implant placement. Trial registration REBEC, RBR-3CSG3J. Date of registration—19 July 2019, retrospectively registered. http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-3csg3j/

scholarly journals Effects of Anadara granosa shell combined with Sardinella longiceps oil on oesteoblast proliferation in bone defect healing process

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Rima Parwati Sari ◽  
Eddy Hermanto ◽  
Dinda Divilia ◽  
Indra Candra ◽  
Wisnu Kuncoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bone Defect Healing ◽  
Bone Damage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sardinella Longiceps ◽  
Anadara Granosa

Background: Alveolar bone damage is the most common case in dentistry. One way to fix the bone damage is by using bone graft. Anadara granosa shell is a potential bone substitute since it is rich in calcium which can be processed into hydroxyapatite. The addition of Sardinella longiceps oil rich in omega-3 can modulate inflammation, thus accelerating the healing process. Purpose: This study aimed to determine effects of application of Anadara granosa shell combined with Sardinella longiceps oil on osteoblast proliferation in the healing process of bone defects. Method: The subjects were 32 male rats type Wistar divided into 4 groups (n = 8). Making defect was performed on the right bone of the femurs with a half of the diameter of round Mcisinger® Germany bur sized 18. The first group (K) is a negative control group that was not given anything. The second group (AG) was given Anadara granosa pasta. The third group (AM10) was given Anadara granosa pasta combined with 10% Sardinella longiceps oil. And, the fourth group (AM30) was given Anadara granosa pasta combined with 30% Sardinella longiceps oil. Next, preparations and animal euthanasia were performed on the 7th day after the treatment. The number of osteoblasts then was measured after making preparations for HPA with Hematoxylin eosin staining (HE). Afterward, tabulation of data followed by statistical analysis of Anova and HSD Tukey was carried out. Result: The average number of osteoblasts in Groups K, AG, AM10, and AM30 was 19.00, 34.63, 33.50, and 38.50. The results of Anova test showed a significant difference (p<0.05). Similarly, the results of Tukey-HSD test also showed significant differences (p<0.05) between Group K and all other groups (AG, AM10, and AM30). Nevertheless, there were no significant differences between Group AG and Groups AM10 and AM30, as well as between Group AM10 and Group AM30. Conclusion: The application of the combination of Anadara granosa shell and Sardinella longiceps oil can not increase the proliferation of osteoblasts in the healing process of bone defects.

Biocomposites for Orthopedic and Dental Application

2016 ◽  
Vol 672 ◽  
pp. 261-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Furtos ◽  
Laura Silaghi-Dumitrescu ◽  
Katarzyna Lewandowska ◽  
Alina Sionkowska ◽  
Petru Pascuta
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Inorganic Filler ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dental Application ◽  
Superior Mechanical Properties

The development of polymer and inorganic filler lead to new biocomposite materials with a wide range of applications in orthopedic and dental application. Biomposites possess an excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability and superior mechanical properties. The inclusion of bioactive filler of hydroxyapatite, wollastonite glass-ceramics and bioactive glass could provide bioactivity of biocomposites. This review summarizes the recent work on the development of biocomposites containing biopolymers with different bioactive particles suitable for use in bone defects/bone regeneration and dental application.

scholarly journals Octacalcium phosphate/gelatin composite facilitates bone regeneration of critical-sized mandibular defects in rats: A quantitative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 258-266
Author(s):  
Fereydoon Sargolzaei-Aval ◽  
Eshagh Ali Saberi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Arab ◽  
Narjes Sargolzaei ◽  
Tayebeh Sanchooli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Octacalcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mandibular Bone ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. Regeneration of bone defects remains a challenge for maxillofacial surgeons. The present study aimed to compare the effects of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and the combination of octacalcium phosphate/gelatin (OCP/Gel) on mandibular bone regeneration in rats Methods. In the present study, 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The animals were randomly assigned to the following experimental groups: OCP (n=12), OCP/Gel (n=12), and the control group (n=12). Defects were created in the rat mandibles and filled with 10 mg of OCP and OCP/Gel disks in the experimental groups. In the control group, however, no substance was administered. Samples were taken on days 7, 14, 21 and 56, respectively, after the implantation. Sections (5 µ) were prepared and stained by H&E. The sections were studied, and the volume fraction of newly formed bone was measured by Dunnett's T3 test based on the significance level (P=0.05). Results. In the experimental groups, the new bone formation began from the margin of defects 7‒14 days after the implantation. During the healing process, the newly formed bone healed a larger area of the defects and grew structurally. In the control group, the defects were primarily filled with dense connective tissue, and only a small amount of new bone was formed. The present study showed a statistically significant difference in the volume of newly formed bone between the experimental groups and the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion. OCP/Gel composite can be beneficial in the healing process of mandibular bone defects.

The effect on bone regeneration of a liposomal vector to deliver BMP-2 gene to bone grafts in peri-implant bone defects

Biomaterials ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (17) ◽  
pp. 2772-2782 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Park ◽  
R. Lutz ◽  
E. Felszeghy ◽  
J. Wiltfang ◽  
E. Nkenke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Bone Defects
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