scholarly journals Osteogenesis of 3D-Printed PCL/TCP/bdECM Scaffold Using Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Aggregates; An Experimental Study in the Canine Mandible

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5409
Author(s):  
Joon Seok Lee ◽  
Tae Hyun Park ◽  
Jeong Yeop Ryu ◽  
Dong Kyu Kim ◽  
Eun Jung Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Artificial Organs ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Group A ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tissue Recovery

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is perceived as an innovative tool for change in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine based on research outcomes on the development of artificial organs and tissues. With advances in such technology, research is underway into 3D-printed artificial scaffolds for tissue recovery and regeneration. In this study, we fabricated artificial scaffolds by coating bone demineralized and decellularized extracellular matrix (bdECM) onto existing 3D-printed polycaprolactone/tricalcium phosphate (PCL/TCP) to enhance osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity. After injecting adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in an aggregate form found to be effective in previous studies, we examined the effects of the scaffold on ossification during mandibular reconstruction in beagle dogs. Ten beagles were divided into two groups: group A (PCL/TCP/bdECM + ADSC injection; n = 5) and group B (PCL/TCP/bdECM; n = 5). The results were analyzed four and eight weeks after intervention. Computed tomography (CT) findings showed that group A had more diffuse osteoblast tissue than group B. Evidence of infection or immune rejection was not detected following histological examination. Goldner trichrome (G/T) staining revealed rich ossification in scaffold pores. ColI, Osteocalcin, and Runx2 gene expressions were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Group A showed greater expression of these genes. Through Western blotting, group A showed a greater expression of genes that encode ColI, Osteocalcin, and Runx2 proteins. In conclusion, intervention group A, in which the beagles received the additional ADSC injection together with the 3D-printed PCL/TCP coated with bdECM, showed improved mandibular ossification in and around the pores of the scaffold.

scholarly journals 3D Printed Guides and Preoperative Planning for Uncemented Stem Anteversion Reconstruction during Hip Arthroplasty: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yingqi Zhang ◽  
Zhitao Rao ◽  
Jincheng Zhang ◽  
Shijie Li ◽  
Shimin Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Preoperative Planning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Femoral Stem ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Femoral Anteversion ◽  
Neck Fracture ◽  
Group A ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Group B

Objective. To investigate if 3D printed guides and preoperative planning can accurately control femoral stem anteversion. Methods. A prospective comparative study was carried out from 2018 to 2020, including 53 patients who underwent hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture. The target rotation center of the femoral head is determined by three-dimensional planning. In group A, planning was made by 2D templates. In group B, preoperative 3D planning and 3D printed osteotomy/positioning guides were performed. After the operation, 3D model registration was performed to calculate the accuracy of anteversion restoration. Results. We screened 60 patients and randomized a total of 53 to 2 parallel study arms: 30 patients to the group A (traditional operation) and 23 patients to the group B (3D preoperative planning and 3D printed guide). There were no significant differences in demographic or perioperative data between study groups. The restoration accuracy of group A was 5.42 ° ± 3.65 ° and of group B was 2.32 ° ± 1.89 ° . The number and rate of abnormal cases was 15 (50%) and 2 (8.7%), respectively. Significant statistical differences were found in angle change, restoration accuracy, and number of abnormal cases. Conclusion. Three-dimensional preoperative planning and 3D printed guides can improve the accuracy of the restoration of femoral anteversion during hip arthroplasty.

scholarly journals Comparison of Efficacy between Three-Dimensional Printing and Manual-Bending Implants for Inferomedial Orbital Fracture: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7971
Author(s):  
Jun-Hyeok Kim ◽  
Chae-Rim Lee ◽  
Deuk-Young Oh ◽  
Young-Joon Jun ◽  
Suk-Ho Moon
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Normal Structure ◽  
Orbital Fracture ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Normal Side ◽  
Lesion Side ◽  
Group A ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Group B

The purpose of reconstruction of an orbital fracture is restoration of normal structure and volume without visible or functional complications. In a previous study, orbital implants were created using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology to restore orbital fractures. In the present study, the authors compared the efficacy of the conventional manual-bending implant and the 3D-printed standardized implant in order to verify the clinical utility of the fabricated 3D printed orbital implant. In this single-center, retrospective study, the authors evaluated medical records and 3D-CT scans of patients with inferomedial orbital fracture. Selected patients were divided into two groups. Group A underwent surgery with the 3D-printed standardized implant, while group B was treated using a manual technique to mold and trim the implant. A total of 32 patients was included in this study, 16 in each group. The volume of the preoperative lesion side was significantly different from that of the normal side or postoperative lesion side within each group. The volume of the postoperative lesion side was not statistically different from that of the normal side in Group A, but this volume was significantly different from that of the normal side in Group B. The 3D-printed standardized implant provides surgical efficacy to restore inferomedial orbital fracture and has superior surgical outcomes to the manual-bending implant.

scholarly journals Pulmonary heart valve replacement using stabilized acellular xenogeneic scaffolds; effects of seeding with autologous stem cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Mihai Harpa ◽  
Ionela Movileanu ◽  
Leslie Neil Sierad ◽  
Ovidiu Simion Cotoi ◽  
Horatiu Suciu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Heart Valve Replacement ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Subdermal Fat

Abstract Background: We hypothesized that an ideal heart valve replacement would be acellular valve root scaffolds seeded with autologous stem cells. To test this hypothesis, we prepared porcine acellular pulmonary valves, seeded them with autologous adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) and implanted them in sheep and compared them to acellular valves. Methods: Fresh porcine pulmonary valve roots were decellularized with detergents and enzymes. ADSCs were isolated from subdermal fat and injected within the acellular cusps. Valves were then implanted in an extra-anatomic pulmonary position as RV to PA shunts: Group A (n=6) consisted of acellular valves and Group B (n=6) of autologous stem cell-seeded acellular xenografts. Sheep were followed up for 6 months by echocardiography and histologic analysis was performed on explanted valves. Results: Early evolution was favorable for both groups. All Group A animals had physiologic growth without any signs of heart failure and leaflets were found with preserved structure and mobility, lacking signs of thrombi, inflammation or calcification. Group B sheep however expressed signs of right ventricle failure starting at one month, accompanied by progressive regurgitation and right ventricle dilatation, and the leaflets were found covered with host tissue. No cells were found in any Group A or B explants. Conclusions: Acellular stabilized xenogeneic pulmonary valves are reliable, stable, non-immunogenic, non-thrombogenic and non-calcifying scaffolds with excellent hemodynamics. Seeding these scaffolds with autologous ADSCs was not conducive to tissue regeneration. Studies aimed at understanding these novel observations and further harnessing the potential of stem cells are ongoing.

In vitro Three Dimensional Scaffold-free Construct of Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells in Coculture with Endothelial Cells and Fibroblasts

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1341-1344
Author(s):  
Grigore Berea ◽  
Gheorghe Gh. Balan ◽  
Vasile Sandru ◽  
Paul Dan Sirbu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Umbilical Vein ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells

Complex interactions between stem cells, vascular cells and fibroblasts represent the substrate of building microenvironment-embedded 3D structures that can be grafted or added to bone substitute scaffolds in tissue engineering or clinical bone repair. Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells (hASCs), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and normal dermal human fibroblasts (NDHF) can be mixed together in three dimensional scaffold free constructs and their behaviour will emphasize their potential use as seeding points in bone tissue engineering. Various combinations of the aforementioned cell lines were compared to single cell line culture in terms of size, viability and cell proliferation. At 5 weeks, viability dropped for single cell line spheroids while addition of NDHF to hASC maintained the viability at the same level at 5 weeks Fibroblasts addition to the 3D construct of stem cells and endothelial cells improves viability and reduces proliferation as a marker of cell differentiation toward osteogenic line.

CONVENTIONAL VERSUS THREE-DIMENSIONAL CONFORMAL EXTERNAL RADIOTHERAPY IN CANCER CERVIX: A COMPARATIVE STUDY FOR COMPLIANCE, RESPONSE AND TOXICITY

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richa Gupta ◽  
Piyush Kumar ◽  
D. P. Singh ◽  
Arvind Kumar Chauhan ◽  
Kamal Sahni
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Response ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
P Value ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cancer Cervix ◽  
Conventional Radiotherapy ◽  
Radiation Fields ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

INTRODUCTION: Cervical cancer is the second most frequent cancer among Indian women. Radiotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment in all its stages. Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) combines multiple radiation fields to deliver precise dose of radiation to the affected area. Tailoring each of the radiation fields to focus on the tumor delivers a high dose of radiation to the tumor and avoids nearby healthy tissue. The present study is done to compare conventional radiotherapy versus 3DCRT in cancer cervix for compliance, clinical response and toxicity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty patients were enrolled and randomised into two radiotherapy plans with radical intent - Group A treated by conventional radiotherapy and group B treated by 3DCRT. Concurrent cisplatin was delivered on weekly (35mg/m2) or tri-weekly (75mg/m2) basis during external beam Radiotherapy and was followed by High Dose Radiotherapy Brachytherapy. Clinical response and complication assessment were evaluated.Collected data was analyzed using standard statistical methods and softwares to calculate level of significance using “p” value by chi square test. RESULTS: In this study mean age of the patients was 48 years (26-67 years). The anemia was the most common side effect seen in both groups (96% vs 88%, p=0.29). Neutropenia was more in group B (36% vs 44%, p= 0.56). Lower GI toxicity was seen only in patients in group A (20% vs 0%, p=0.018). In follow up there were no significant early rectal and bladder reactions in both groups and 2 patients in each group had late rectal reactions of grade I and II (p= 0.312). No significant skin, bladder and small intestinal toxicity were seen in both groups. CONCLUSION: Conventional radiotherapy gives equally efficacious response though accompanied by toxicities which were acceptable.

scholarly journals Impact Assessment of Urethral Meatus Morphology and Penile Biometry in Transurethral Prostate and Bladder Surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ribeiro Vieiralves ◽  
Paulo Henrique Pereira Conte ◽  
Eduardo Medina Felici ◽  
Nádia Cristina Pinheiro Rodrigues ◽  
Tomás Accioly de souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Urethral Meatus ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Average Width ◽  
Front Position ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Group A ◽  
The One ◽  
Group B

Objective. To analyze the penile and urethral meatus biometry and its correlation with meatoplasty during endoscopic resections. We also propose a new classification for urethral meatus morphology.Materials and Methods. We prospectively studied 105 patients who underwent prostate and bladder transurethral resections. We performed standardized measurement of penile and urethral meatus biometry followed by penile photo in the front position. The need to perform meatoplasty or dilatation during resectoscope introduction was registered. Data were analyzed comparing the correlation between two groups: without intervention (Group A) and with intervention (Group B).Results. We observed in Group A and Group B, respectively, the average length of urethral meatus of 1.07 cm versus 0.75 cm (p<0.001) and average width of urethral meatus of 0.59 cm versus 0.38 cm (p<0.001). Considering the morphology of the urethral meatus, we propose a new classification, in the following groups: (a) typical; (b) slit; (c) point-like; (d) horseshoe; and (e) megameatus. The point-like meatus was the one that most needed intervention, followed by the slit and the typical meatus (p<0.001).Conclusions. Point-like and slit-shaped urethral meatus, as well as reduced length and width of the urethral meatus, are the determining factors.

scholarly journals The Pandemic and Changes in the Self-Perception of Teacher Digital Competences of Infant Grade Students: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4756
Author(s):  
Rosalía Romero-Tena ◽  
Carmen Llorente-Cejudo ◽  
María Puig-Gutiérrez ◽  
Raquel Barragán-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Digital Competence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Group A ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Without having a reaction time, the pandemic has caused an unprecedented transformation in universities around the world, leading to a revolution from structured models anchored in the conception of transmission of training towards a teaching approach-learning saved thanks to the incorporation of technology. This study aims to verify whether the pandemic situation has influenced the digital competence self-perception of students. Comparing two groups during the academic years 2019/2020 and 2020/2021, the instrument used is the questionnaire for digital competence “DigCompEdu Check-In” for future teachers. After the educational intervention, group A (before COVID-19) presented higher self-perceptions of competence than group B (during COVID-19); the pandemic situation caused by COVID-19 has negatively influenced students’ self-perception of their digital skills in the pretest in the different dimensions under study. Before receiving the training, the group that did not experience the pandemic enjoyed a higher self-perception of their competencies than the group that experienced the pandemic. The data obtained indicate that the difference exists, and that it is statistically significant, and may be a consequence of the clear relationship between self-perception and the way in which students face reality through their personal and subjective vision.

scholarly journals Effect of Uniaxial Tensile Cyclic Loading Regimes on Matrix Organization and Tenogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Encapsulated within 3D Collagen Scaffolds

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayathri Subramanian ◽  
Alexander Stasuk ◽  
Mostafa Elsaadany ◽  
Eda Yildirim-Ayan
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Collagen Scaffolds ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Tenogenic Differentiation ◽  
Matrix Organization

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells have become a popular cell choice for tendon repair strategies due to their relative abundance, ease of isolation, and ability to differentiate into tenocytes. In this study, we investigated the solo effect of different uniaxial tensile strains and loading frequencies on the matrix directionality and tenogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells encapsulated within three-dimensional collagen scaffolds. Samples loaded at 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% strains and 0.1 Hz and 1 Hz frequencies for 2 hours/day over a 7-day period using a custom-built uniaxial tensile strain bioreactor were characterized in terms of matrix organization, cell viability, and musculoskeletal gene expression profiles. The results displayed that the collagen fibers of the loaded samples exhibited increased matrix directionality with an increase in strain values. Gene expression analyses demonstrated that ASC-encapsulated collagen scaffolds loaded at 2% strain and 0.1 Hz frequency showed significant increases in extracellular matrix genes and tenogenic differentiation markers. Importantly, no cross-differentiation potential to osteogenic, chondrogenic, and myogenic lineages was observed at 2% strain and 0.1 Hz frequency loading condition. Thus, 2% strain and 0.1 Hz frequency were identified as the appropriate mechanical loading regime to induce tenogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells cultured in a three-dimensional environment.

scholarly journals ARE CD44+/CD24– CELLS THE ASSUMED CANCER STEM CELLS IN BREAST CANCER

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
D E Ryspayeva ◽  
I I Smolanka ◽  
A S Dudnichenko ◽  
A A Lyashenko ◽  
Yu A Grinevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Identification and characterization of the population of cancer stem cells (CSC) depends on several cellular markers, which combination is specific for the phenotype of CSC in the corresponding tumor. Several markers of CSC have already been identified in breast cancer (BC), but there are no universal indicators that could specifically identify the CSC in BC. Aims: To determine the validation of the CSC model for cell surface markers such as CD44 and CD24 and their clinical significance. Materials and Methods: Primary tumor samples of 45 patients with invasive BC without chemotherapy prior to surgery exposure were examined in paraffin blocks. CD44 and CD24 antigens expression was evaluated by the percentage of positive cells using different chromogens and the MultiVision detection system by immunohistochemical method. In this research the evaluation was determined by the following criteria: (-), negative — expression in < 10% of tumor cells; (+), positive — expression in ≥10% of cells. The same scoring system was applied for the expression of CD44+/CD24−. Results: 62.2% of investigated patients are patients older than 50 years and most of them with stage II of disease (71.0%) and luminal tumor subtypes (68.9%). We analysed the expression of CD44, CD24 and CD44+/CD24− for different patients with dividing them into two groups. The group A consists of patients with unfavorable prognosis (relapses and metastases have occurred in the first three years after diagnosis), and the group B — with a favourable prognosis (the development of metastases after three years). Median disease-free survival in the group A is 19 months, in the group B — 46 months. The difference between the overall survival (OS) curves in the groups A and B is statistically significant (p < 0.001), the risk of death was higher in the group A (hazard ratio (HR) 5.9; confidence interval (CI) 2.3–15.2). The content of CD44 cells did not differ statistically between groups A and B (p = 0.18), but there was a tendency for increasing in OS with the existence of CD44+ cells (p = 0.056). The distribution of the expression of CD24 marker did not differ between the groups (p = 0.36) as well as the OS curves (p = 0.59). Analysis of the expression of CD44+/CD24− which were considered as possible CSC, revealed a paradoxical increase (p = 0.03) of the frequency in patients of the group B (40.9%) compared to the group A (8.7%). Nevertheless, the comparison of the clinical outcomes did not reveal a statistically significant difference in the survival curves in the groups with existence and absence of CD44+/CD24– expression (p = 0.08). The analysis showed the increasing of the risk of worse clinical outcomes in the cases of expression absence of CD44+/CD24− (HR 2.8; CI 1.1–6.8). Conclusions: As a result of our research, the analysis of the quantity of assumed stem cells of the BC, which were identified by immunohistochemistry as CD44 and CD24 cells, failed to detect a statistically significant relation between groups of patients with different prognosis, and the identification of their expression is not enough for the characteristics of CSC. The obtained data demonstrating the worst clinical outcome in the cases of absence of CD44+/CD24− expression apparently require further investigations and the validation of the immunohistochemical method with the determination of the cut-off line in defining of CD44 and CD24 status.

scholarly journals Tuning the Thermogelation and Rheology of Poly(2-Oxazoline)/poly(2-Oxazine)s Based Thermosensitive Hydrogels for 3D Bioprinting.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malik Salman Haider ◽  
Taufiq Ahmad ◽  
Mengshi Yang ◽  
Chen Hu ◽  
Lukas Hahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
3D Bioprinting ◽  
Thermosensitive Hydrogel ◽  
Clay Nanoparticles ◽  
Hydrogel Matrix ◽  
Thermosensitive Hydrogels ◽  
3D Printed

As one kind of smart material, thermogelling polymers find applications in biofabrication, drug delivery and regenerative medicine. Here, we reported on a novel thermosensitive hydrogel which can be 3D printed using extrusion based printing. Gel strength was found around 3kPa storage modulus with pronounced shear thinning and rapid recovery after stress. Addition of clay nanoparticles (Laponite XLG) improved the rheological profile further. Human adipose derived stem cells were added to the hydrogel matrix, which remained fully viable after printing. Therefore, the presented materials adds to the available material toolbox for 3D bioprinting. <br>

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