scholarly journals Viral Nanoparticle System: An Effective Platform for Photodynamic Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1728
Author(s):  
Shujin Lin ◽  
Chun Liu ◽  
Xiao Han ◽  
Haowei Zhong ◽  
Cui Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Target Lesion ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Good Safety Profile ◽  
Nanoparticle System ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Viral Nanoparticles ◽  
Viral Nanoparticle

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising therapy due to its efficiency and accuracy. The photosensitizer is delivered to the target lesion and locally activated. Viral nanoparticles (VNPs) have been explored as delivery vehicles for PDT in recent years because of their favorable properties, including simple manufacture and good safety profile. They have great potential as drug delivery carriers in medicine. Here, we review the development of PDT photosensitizers and discuss applications of VNP-mediated photodynamic therapies and the performance of VNPs in the treatment of tumor cells and antimicrobial therapy. Furthermore, future perspectives are discussed for further developing novel viral nanocarriers or improving existing viral vectors.

scholarly journals Can nanotechnology potentiate photodynamic therapy?

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Ying Huang ◽  
Sulbha K. Sharma ◽  
Tianhong Dai ◽  
Hoon Chung ◽  
Anastasia Yaroslavsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Plasmonic Enhancement ◽  
Gold And Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Photon Excitation ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Delivery Vehicles

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) uses the combination of nontoxic dyes and harmless visible light to produce reactive oxygen species that can kill cancer cells and infectious microorganisms. Due to the tendency of most photosensitizers (PS) to be poorly soluble and to form nonphotoactive aggregates, drug-delivery vehicles have become of high importance. The nanotechnology revolution has provided many examples of nanoscale drug-delivery platforms that have been applied to PDT. These include liposomes, lipoplexes, nanoemulsions, micelles, polymer nanoparticles (degradable and nondegradable), and silica nanoparticles. In some cases (fullerenes and quantum dots), the actual nanoparticle itself is the PS. Targeting ligands such as antibodies and peptides can be used to increase specificity. Gold and silver nanoparticles can provide plasmonic enhancement of PDT. Two-photon excitation or optical upconversion can be used instead of one-photon excitation to increase tissue penetration at longer wavelengths. Finally, after sections on in vivo studies and nanotoxicology, we attempt to answer the title question, “can nanotechnology potentiate PDT?”

scholarly journals Utilization of Nanomaterials in Target Oriented Drug Delivery Vehicles

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-316
Author(s):  
T. K. Mandal ◽  
V. Patait
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Delivery Vehicle ◽  
Treatment Target ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Novel Drug ◽  
Cancerous Cells

The present investigation deals with the fundamentals of nanorobots, its fabrication, and possible utilization in a different target-oriented drug delivery vehicles. Details of various types of nanorobots and their specific applications are studied in this research. The use of nanorobots in cancer treatment, target-oriented drug delivery, medical imaging, and in new health sensing devices has also been studied. The mechanism of action of nanorobots for the treatment of cancerous cells as well as the formulation and working functions of some recently studied nanorobots are investigated in this work. This paper reviews the research in finding the suitable nanorobotic materials, different fabrication processes of nanorobots, and the current status of application of nanorobots in biomedical, especially in the treatment of cancers. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been observed to be used as novel drug delivery vehicle materials. The future perspectives of nanorobots for the utilization in drug delivery are also addressed herewith.

scholarly journals Receptor-mediated Uptake of Folic Acid-functionalized Dextran Nanoparticles for Applications in Photodynamic Therapy

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Butzbach ◽  
Matthias Konhäuser ◽  
Matthias Fach ◽  
Denise Bamberger ◽  
Benjamin Breitenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Kb Cells ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Nanoparticle System ◽  
Specific Uptake ◽  
Folic Acid Receptor ◽  
Targeted Photodynamic Therapy

In photodynamic therapy (PDT), photosensitizers and light are used to cause photochemically induced cell death. The selectivity and the effectiveness of the phototoxicity in cancer can be increased by a specific uptake of the photosensitizer into tumor cells. A promising target for this goal is the folic acid receptor α (FRα), which is overexpressed on the surface of many tumor cells and mediates an endocytotic uptake. Here, we describe a polysaccharide-based nanoparticle system suitable for targeted uptake and its photochemical and photobiological characterization. The photosensitizer 5, 10, 15, 20-tetraphenyl-21H, 23H-porphyrine (TPP) was encapsulated in spermine- and acetal-modified dextran (SpAcDex) nanoparticles and conjugated with folic acid (FA) on the surface [SpAcDex(TPP)-FA]. The particles are successfully taken up by human HeLa-KB cells, and a light-induced cytotoxicity is observable. An excess of free folate as the competitor for the FRα-mediated uptake inhibits the phototoxicity. In conclusion, folate-modified SpAcDex particles are a promising drug delivery system for a tumor cell targeted photodynamic therapy.

Innovative Drug Delivery Strategies for Topical Photodynamic Therapy using Porphyrin Precursors

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond I. J. Morrow ◽  
Martin J. Garland ◽  
Paul A. McCarron ◽  
A. David Woolfson ◽  
Ryan F. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Innovative Drug ◽  
Delivery Strategies

Optical Properties of Photodynamic Therapy Drugs in Different Environments: The Paradigmatic Case of Temoporfin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
busenur Aslanoglu ◽  
Ilya Yakavets ◽  
Vladimir Zorin ◽  
Henri-Pierre Lassalle ◽  
Francesca Ingrosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Computational Tools

Computational tools have been used to study the photophysical and photochemical features of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT) –a minimally invasive, less aggressive alternative for cancer treatment. PDT is mainly based by the activation of molecular oxygen through the action of a photoexcited sensitizer (photosensitizer). Temoporfin, widely known as mTHPC, is a second-generation photosensitizer, which produces the cytotoxic singlet oxygen when irradiated with visible light and hence destroys tumor cells. However, the bioavailability of the mostly hydrophobic photosensitizer, and hence its incorporation into the cells, is fundamental to achieve the desired effect on malignant tissues by PDT. In this study, we focus on the optical properties of the temoporfin chromophore in different environments –in <i>vacuo</i>, in solution, encapsulated in drug delivery agents, namely cyclodextrin, and interacting with a lipid bilayer.

Natural, Synthetic and their Combinatorial Nanocarriers Based Drug Delivery System in the Treatment Paradigm for Wound Healing Via Dermal Targeting

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (36) ◽  
pp. 4551-4568
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kashif Iqubal ◽  
Sadaf Saleem ◽  
Ashif Iqubal ◽  
Aiswarya Chaudhuri ◽  
Faheem Hyder Pottoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Wound Site ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Treatment Paradigm

A wound refers to the epithelial loss, accompanied by loss of muscle fibers collagen, nerves and bone instigated by surgery, trauma, frictions or by heat. Process of wound healing is a compounded activity of recovering the functional integrity of the damaged tissues. This process is mediated by various cytokines and growth factors usually liberated at the wound site. A plethora of herbal and synthetic drugs, as well as photodynamic therapy, is available to facilitate the process of wound healing. Generally, the systems used for the management of wounds tend to act through covering the ruptured site, reduce pain, inflammation, and prevent the invasion and growth of microorganisms. The available systems are, though, enough to meet these requirements, but the involvement of nanotechnology can ameliorate the performance of these protective coverings. In recent years, nano-based formulations have gained immense popularity among researchers for the wound healing process due to the enhanced benefits they offer over the conventional preparations. Hereupon, this review aims to cover the entire roadmap of wound healing, beginning from the molecular factors involved in the process, the various synthetic and herbal agents, and combination therapy available for the treatment and the current nano-based systems available for delivery through the topical route for wound healing.

Dendrimers: General Aspects, Applications and Structural Exploitations as Prodrug/Drug-delivery Vehicles in Current Medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merina Mariyam ◽  
Kajal Ghosal ◽  
Sabu Thomas ◽  
Nandakumar Kalarikkal ◽  
Mahima S. Latha
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
General Aspects

Novel Phospholipid-Based Labrasol Nanomicelles Loaded Flavonoids for Oral Delivery with Enhanced Penetration and Anti-Brain Tumor Efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Junjie Wang ◽  
Rui Guan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Safe Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
The Brain

Background: Owing to the rich anticancer properties of flavonoids, there is a need for their incorporation into drug delivery vehicles like nanomicelles for safe delivery of the drug into the brain tumor microenvironment. Objective: This study, therefore, aimed to prepare the phospholipid-based Labrasol/Pluronic F68 modified nano micelles loaded with flavonoids (Nano-flavonoids) for the delivery of the drug to the target brain tumor. Methods: Myricetin, quercetin and fisetin were selected as the initial drugs to evaluate the biodistribution and acute toxicity of the drug delivery vehicles in rats with implanted C6 glioma tumors after oral administration, while the uptake, retention, release in human intestinal Caco-2 cells and the effect on the brain endothelial barrier were investigated in Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HBMECs). Results: The results demonstrated that nano-flavonoids loaded with myricetin showed more evenly distributed targeting tissues and enhanced anti-tumor efficiency in vivo without significant cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells and alteration in the Trans Epithelial Electric Resistance (TEER). There was no pathological evidence of renal, hepatic or other organs dysfunction after the administration of nanoflavonoids, which showed no significant influence on cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells. Conclusion: In conclusion, Labrasol/F68-NMs loaded with MYR and quercetin could enhance antiglioma effect in vitro and in vivo, which may be better tools for medical therapy, while the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nano-flavonoids may ensure optimal therapeutic benefits.

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