scholarly journals Physiological and Proteomic Analyses of Two Acanthus Species to Tidal Flooding Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1055
Author(s):  
Yi-ling Liu ◽  
Hai-lei Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
Tidal Flooding ◽  
Flooding Stress ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Acanthus Ilicifolius ◽  
Long Time

The mangrove plant Acanthus ilicifolius and its relative, Acanthus mollis, have been previously proved to possess diverse pharmacological effects. Therefore, evaluating the differentially expressed proteins of these species under tidal flooding stress is essential to fully exploit and benefit from their medicinal values. The roots of A. ilicifolius and A. mollis were exposed to 6 h of flooding stress per day for 10 days. The dry weight, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, anatomical characteristics, carbon and energy levels, and two-dimensional electrophoresis coupled with MALDI-TOF/TOF MS technology were used to reveal the divergent flooding resistant strategies. A. ilicifolius performed better under tidal flooding stress, which was reflected in the integrity of the morphological structure, more efficient use of carbon and energy, and a higher percentage of up-regulated proteins associated with carbon and energy metabolism. A. mollis could not survive in flooding conditions for a long time, as revealed by disrupting cell structures of the roots, less efficient use of carbon and energy, and a higher percentage of down-regulated proteins associated with carbon and energy metabolism. Energy provision and flux balance played a role in the flooding tolerance of A. ilicifolius and A. mollis.

scholarly journals Physiological and Comparative Proteomic Analyses Provide Insight Into the Differential Responses of Acanthus Ilicifolius and Its Relative, Acanthus Mollis, to Tidal Flooding Stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-ling Liu ◽  
Hai-lei Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
Tidal Flooding ◽  
Flooding Stress ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Acanthus Ilicifolius ◽  
Long Time

The mangrove plant Acanthus ilicifolius and its relative, A. mollis, have been previously proved to possess diverse pharmacological effects. Therefore, evaluating the differentially expressed proteins of these species under tidal flooding stress is essential to fully exploit and benefit from their medicinal values. The roots of A. ilicifolius and A. mollis were exposed to 6 h of flooding stress per day for 10 days. The dry weight, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, anatomical characteristics, carbon and energy levels, and two-dimensional electrophoresis coupled with MALDI-TOF/TOF MS technology were used to reveal the divergent flooding resistant strategies. A. ilicifolius performed better under tidal flooding stress, which was reflected in the integrity of the morphological structure, more efficient use of carbon and energy, and a higher percentage of up-regulated proteins associated with carbon and energy metabolism. A. mollis could not survive in flooding conditions for a long time, as revealed by incomplete cell structures of the roots, less efficient use of carbon and energy, and a higher percentage of down-regulated proteins associated with carbon and energy metabolism. Energy provision and flux balance played a role in the flooding tolerance of A. ilicifolius and A. mollis.

scholarly journals Effect of Planting Time on Canopy Structure and Biomass Production in Some Soybean Genotypes

1970 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
MK Uddin ◽  
MK Hasan ◽  
AKMA Alam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Canopy Structure ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Late Planting ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Soybean Genotypes

A field experiment was conducted in the Field Laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, BAU, Mymensingh during November 2003 to May 2004 to assess the effect of planting time (November and December) on some morphological structure, and root & shoot biomass production in four soybean genotypes (GPB-1, GPB-2, AGS-332 and AGS-11-35). The plant height, stem base diameter, seed dry weight plant-1 were significantly greater in the late planting crops (December) but number of branches plant-1, number of leaves plant-1, leaves dry weight plant-1, shoots dry weight plant-1, roots dry weight plant-1, total dry matter plant-1 were also significantly greater in November planting. Highest plant height, branches plant-1 and leaves plant-1, shoot dry weight plant-1 and total dry matter were found in GPB-2 genotype. Key words: Early and late planting, shoot and root mass, Glycine max. DOI = 10.3329/jard.v5i1.1453 J Agric Rural Dev 5(1&2), 25-29, June 2007

scholarly journals Nicotinamide riboside supplementation alters body composition and skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine concentrations in healthy obese humans

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlijn M E Remie ◽  
Kay H M Roumans ◽  
Michiel P B Moonen ◽  
Niels J Connell ◽  
Bas Havekes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Nicotinamide Riboside ◽  
Wet Weight

ABSTRACT Background Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is an NAD+ precursor that boosts cellular NAD+ concentrations. Preclinical studies have shown profound metabolic health effects after NR supplementation. Objectives We aimed to investigate the effects of 6 wk NR supplementation on insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial function, and other metabolic health parameters in overweight and obese volunteers. Methods A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover intervention study was conducted in 13 healthy overweight or obese men and women. Participants received 6 wk NR (1000 mg/d) and placebo supplementation, followed by broad metabolic phenotyping, including hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, muscle biopsies, and assessment of ex vivo mitochondrial function and in vivo energy metabolism. Results Markers of increased NAD+ synthesis—nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide and methyl nicotinamide—were elevated in skeletal muscle after NR compared with placebo. NR increased body fat-free mass (62.65% ± 2.49% compared with 61.32% ± 2.58% in NR and placebo, respectively; change: 1.34% ± 0.50%, P = 0.02) and increased sleeping metabolic rate. Interestingly, acetylcarnitine concentrations in skeletal muscle were increased upon NR (4558 ± 749 compared with 3025 ± 316 pmol/mg dry weight in NR and placebo, respectively; change: 1533 ± 683 pmol/mg dry weight, P = 0.04) and the capacity to form acetylcarnitine upon exercise was higher in NR than in placebo (2.99 ± 0.30 compared with 2.40 ± 0.33 mmol/kg wet weight; change: 0.53 ± 0.21 mmol/kg wet weight, P = 0.01). However, no effects of NR were found on insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial function, hepatic and intramyocellular lipid accumulation, cardiac energy status, cardiac ejection fraction, ambulatory blood pressure, plasma markers of inflammation, or energy metabolism. Conclusions NR supplementation of 1000 mg/d for 6 wk in healthy overweight or obese men and women increased skeletal muscle NAD+ metabolites, affected skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine metabolism, and induced minor changes in body composition and sleeping metabolic rate. However, no other metabolic health effects were observed. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02835664

scholarly journals Biological Activities of Selected Plants and Detection of Bioactive Compounds from Ardisia elliptica Using UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 3067
Author(s):  
Pei Lou Wong ◽  
Nurul Azila Fauzi ◽  
Siti Norhamimah Mohamed Yunus ◽  
Nur Ashikin Abdul Hamid ◽  
Siti Zulaikha Abd Ghafar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Q Exactive ◽  
Ardisia Elliptica

Plants and plant-based products have been used for a long time for medicinal purposes. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant and anti-α-glucosidase activities of eight selected underutilized plants in Malaysia: Leucaena leucocephala, Muntingia calabura, Spondias dulcis, Annona squamosa, Ardisia elliptica, Cynometra cauliflora, Ficus auriculata, and Averrhoa bilimbi. This study showed that the 70% ethanolic extract of all plants exhibited total phenolic content (TPC) ranging from 51 to 344 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight. A. elliptica showed strong 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activities, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 2.17 and 49.43 μg/mL, respectively. Most of the tested plant extracts showed higher inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme activity than the standard, quercetin, particularly A. elliptica, F. auriculata, and M. calabura extracts with IC50 values of 0.29, 0.36, and 0.51 μg/mL, respectively. A total of 62 metabolites including flavonoids, triterpenoids, benzoquinones, and fatty acids were tentatively identified in the most active plant, i.e., A. elliptica leaf extract, by using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)–electrospray ionization (ESI) Orbitrap MS. This study suggests a potential natural source of antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitors from A. elliptica.

Seed development, testa structure and precocious germination of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapasubsp.pekinensis)

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengwei Ren ◽  
J. Derek Bewley
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Aleurone Layer ◽  
Palisade Layer ◽  
Adaxial Side ◽  
Precocious Germination ◽  
Mechanical Restraint ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Cell Layers

AbstractOn the basis of embryo and seed colour, morphology, accumulation of fresh and dry weight, seed development of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapasubsp.pekinensis) can be divided into 10 discrete but contiguous stages. Precocious germination (PG) occurs in the seeds of a Chinese cabbage mutant on the parent plant mainly during the maturation period (from stage 5 to 8), with either the radicle or the cotyledon protruding out of the testa. All plants of the mutant line produce some PG seeds, but among the seeds, only 18% (maximum) germinate precociously. The developing mutant seeds have higher water contents and lower dry weights than those of the wild-type and are less tolerant of desiccation. The testa structure of Chinese cabbage seed is similar to that of otherBrassicaspecies. In developing seeds, it consists of the epidermis, subepidermis, palisade layer and pigmented layers, while in the mature dry seeds, all the cell layers except the palisade layer are crushed into non-cell structures and are stacked on the outer and inner faces of the palisade layer; the aleurone layer is fused to the testa. An alteration in testa structure of the mutant seeds (both non-germinated and precociously-germinated seeds) is probably related to PG. The secondary cell wall materials are less, or not deposited on the radial and basal walls of the palisade cells on the adaxial side of the testa, which could result in a weaker mechanical restraint, thus leading to PG.

ChemInform Abstract: Bioactive Cytochalasins from Aspergillus flavipes, an Endophytic Fungus Associated with the Mangrove Plant Acanthus ilicifolius.

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Zhen-Jian Lin ◽  
Guo-Jian Zhang ◽  
Tian-Jiao Zhu ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Hong-Juan Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungus ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
Aspergillus Flavipes ◽  
Acanthus Ilicifolius

scholarly journals Recent Developments in Nanomaterials for Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 02004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Raihan Taha
Keyword(s):  
Soil Mechanics ◽  
Geotechnical Engineering ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Soil Plasticity ◽  
Geoenvironmental Engineering ◽  
Nano Alumina ◽  
Nano Clay ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Long Time

Nanotechnology has provided enormous benefits to the industrial and developed world. Most fields of knowledge have been tapping, using, and applying the advantages of nanotechnology to improve systems and living standards. This cannot be said for civil engineering and construction particularly geotechnical engineering. Actually, soil mechanics have been involved with nano scale dimensions and materials for a very long time, i.e. before the term nanotechnology and nanomaterials were coined. From the basic clay structure and the water molecules which give rise to soil plasticity/cohesiveness, geotechnical engineers were exposed to these phenomena since the early days of the subject. Currently, developments in nanotechnology and nanomaterials in geotechnical engineering has been limited to its use as an improvement and clean-up materials. Recent results have shown that the use of a small amount of nanomaterials (<1% of dry weight of the original soil) have resulted in significant change and improvement in soil properties. This is important since efficient use of materials is one of the facets of sustainability related to prolonging the life of our depleting natural resources. Experiences with nano-soil, nano-clay, nano-silica, nano-alumina, nano-magnesium, carbon nanotube and nanofibers, and nano-lime will all be discussed with respect to its use in soil improvement and soil remediation.

scholarly journals Energy Metabolism in the Placenta and the Role of Disturbances in the Development of Placental Insufficiency at an Exacerbation of Cytomegalovirus Infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Lucenko ◽  
I. A. Andrievskaya ◽  
I. V. Dovzhikova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase

Objective. Determine the characteristics of placental energy metabolism and to establish its role in the development of placental insufficiency at an exacerbation of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in 25–28 weeks of gestation.Methods. In a prospective study of the case-control type included pregnant, delivery on term of 37–38 weeks. The sample of 50 pregnant women, including 25 CMV-seropositive with exacerbation of CMV infection at 25–28 weeks of gestation and with the titer of IgG antibodies to CMV 1: 1600 at the time of the study and 25 CMV-seronegative women the same pregnancy. The study was conducted at the obstetric department of pathology of pregnancy and laboratory «Etiopathogenesis mechanisms and recovery processes with non-specific lung diseases» Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration together with the urban maternity ward at City Hospital in the period from 2014 to 2015. The activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and a dehydrogenase lipoic acid was determined by histochemical methods on cryostat sections of fresh frozen tissue placenta by the method of R. Lilly. Evaluation of the intensity of histochemical reactions carried out by the program cytophotometry Scion. The morphology of the placenta was studied in paraffin sections stained with hematoxylin Böhmer-eosin, van Gieson’s picrofuchsin and alcian blue by Steedman. Results. Exacerbation of CMV infection at 25–28 weeks of gestation leads to a decrease in the intensity of the histochemical reaction of pyruvate dehydrogenase in 2.4 times, lipoic acid dehydrogenase — in 2.9 times, and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase — in 1.5 times in the syncytiotrophoblast villous placenta. The placental morphological structure study showed villi in a state of death or necrotic changes, as well as increasing the number of avascular immature villi. In the maternal part of the placenta were marked constriction clearances, hypertrophy of muscle and connective tissue layers blood vessels. The conclusion. The findings suggest that the exacerbation of CMV infection at 25–28 weeks of pregnancy causes a decrease in the intensity of energy metabolism in the placenta by suppressing the activity of the enzymes α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which is accompanied by disturbances of the morphological structure of the placental barrier, the development of placental insufficiency. 

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN MANGROVE DI DESA GEDANGAN, KECAMATAN PURWODADI, KABUPATEN PURWOREJO, JAWA TENGAH

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Slamet Mardiyanto Rahayu ◽  
Syuhriatin Syuhriatin ◽  
Wiryanto Wiryanto
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Rhizophora Mucronata ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Nypa Fruticans ◽  
Acanthus Ilicifolius ◽  
Sonneratia Alba ◽  
Lower Plants ◽  
Environment Condition

This research aims to know the diversity of mangrove in Gedangan Village, Purwodadi Subdistrict, Purworejo Regency, Central Java. This research conducted on June-September 2016 with purposive sampling methods with three station. Based on the results of the research are nine mangrove species found are rhizophora mucronata, sonneratia alba, nypa fruticans, hibiscus tiliaceus, ipomoea pescaprae, acanthus ilicifolius, gymnanthera paludosa, wedelia biflora, and scirpus sp. Diversity of tree mangrove are low (H’ station 2=0,95 and H’ station 3= 0,15). Diversity of sapling mangrove are low with H’ in station 1, 2, and 3 are 0,2; 0,68; dan 0,08. And the diversity of mangrove seedling and lower plants are medium with H’ in station 1, 2, and 3 are 1,17; 1,56; and 1,48. Environment condition in all station is relatively good to support the life of mangrove plant. That is temperature  28-30 0C; pH 7-8; DO 4,0-6,5 mg/l; salinity 6-9 ppt; and sandy mud substrate.

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