scholarly journals Epstein–Barr Virus-Positive Mucocutaneous Ulcer: A Unique and Curious Disease Entity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1053
Author(s):  
Tomoka Ikeda ◽  
Yuka Gion ◽  
Yoshito Nishimura ◽  
Midori Filiz Nishimura ◽  
Tadashi Yoshino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Health Organization

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-positive mucocutaneous ulcer (EBVMCU) was first described as a lymphoproliferative disorder in 2010. EBVMCU is a unifocal mucosal or cutaneous ulcer that often occurs after local trauma in patients with immunosuppression; the patients generally have a good prognosis. It is histologically characterized by proliferating EBV-positive atypical B cells accompanied by ulcers. On the basis of conventional pathologic criteria, EBVMCU may be misdiagnosed as EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or other lymphomas. However, its prognosis differs from that of EBV-associated lymphomas, in that patients with EBVMCU frequently show spontaneous regression or complete remission without chemotherapy. Therefore, EBVMCU is now recognized as a low-grade malignancy or a pseudo-malignant lesion. Avoiding unnecessary chemotherapy by distinguishing EBVMCU from other EBV-associated lymphomas will reduce the burden and unnecessary harm on patients. On the basis of these facts, EBVMCU was first described as a new clinicopathological entity by the World Health Organization in 2017. In this review, we discuss the clinicopathological characteristics of previously reported EBVMCU cases, while focusing on up-to-date clinical, pathological, and genetic aspects.

scholarly journals EBV-Positive Lymphoproliferations of B- T- and NK-Cell Derivation in Non-Immunocompromised Hosts

Pathogens ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Dojcinov ◽  
Falko Fend ◽  
Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
World Health ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Immunocompromised Hosts

The contribution of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) to the development of specific types of benign lymphoproliferations and malignant lymphomas has been extensively studied since the discovery of the virus over the last 50 years. The importance and better understanding of the EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) of B, T or natural killer (NK) cell type has resulted in the recognition of new entities like EBV+ mucocutaneous ulcer or the addition of chronic active EBV (CAEBV) infection in the revised 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) lymphoma classification. In this article, we review the definitions, morphology, pathogenesis, and evolving concepts of the various EBV-associated disorders including EBV+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (DLBCL, NOS), EBV+ mucocutaneous ulcer, DLBCL associated with chronic inflammation, fibrin-associated DLBCL, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, the EBV+ T and NK-cell LPD of childhood, aggressive NK leukaemia, extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, and the new provisional entity of primary EBV+ nodal T- or NK-cell lymphoma. The current knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of B-cell lymphomas that can be EBV-associated including Burkitt lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma and classic Hodgkin lymphoma will be also explored.

scholarly journals Lymphomas differ in their dependence on Epstein-Barr virus

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 1977-1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Vereide ◽  
Bill Sugden
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
World Health ◽  
Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) encodes oncogenic information and, oftentimes concomitant with host immunosuppression, gives rise to malignancies in all major categories of lymphoma defined by the World Health Organization.1 Here, we conditionally evicted the viral extrachromosomal genome from tumor cells in vitro to examine the role of EBV in different lymphomas, including Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder. Cells derived from 2 canonical BLs were found to have the least dependence on the virus; some required EBV to prevent the inefficient induction of apoptosis. In contrast, cells derived from a subset of BL, Wp-restricted BL, required EBV to block a robust apoptotic program that involves the up-regulation of the proapoptotic protein Bim. Wp-restricted BL cells also relied on the virus to promote efficient proliferation, a distinction that highlights the multiple contributions EBV makes to affect proliferation of its host cells. Like Wp-BL cells, posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder cells depended on the virus to inhibit apoptosis. They furthermore required the virus to drive them out of G1/G0. Together, these results reveal a graded dependence on EBV among tumor cells that directly correlates with the number of viral genes expressed in the tumor cell.

Transformation of Small B-Cell Lymphoma Into Large Cell CD30+, CD4+, Epstein-Barr Virus–Negative Lymphoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 138 (8) ◽  
pp. 1101-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron C. Shaver ◽  
Ly Ma ◽  
Cindy Vnencak-Jones ◽  
Roland S. Schwarting ◽  
Kristina J. Fasig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
B Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Epstein Barr

We report here 2 separate cases in which patients with known low-grade B-cell lymphomas presented with transformed lesions that were CD30+, CD4+, Epstein-Barr virus negative, and negative or focally weak for a wide range of B-cell, T-cell, and histiocytic/dendritic cell markers. In each case the transformed lymphoma possessed an identical pattern of immunoglobulin heavy chain and/or BCL2 rearrangement to the corresponding original low-grade B-cell lymphoma, confirming their identity as transformed B-cell lymphoma. A review of the relevant literature reveals that, to our knowledge, no transformed B-cell lymphomas with this immunophenotype have been previously reported, which creates the opportunity for potential errors of diagnosis. These cases highlight the importance of correlation with the patient's history and with molecular genetic results in rendering an accurate diagnosis.

scholarly journals OROPHARYNGEAL MICROBIOTA IN CHILDREN WITH WEB INFECTION ON THE BACKGROUND OF ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (10(74)) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
L. Romanyuk ◽  
N. Kravets
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Health Organization

According to statistics from the World Health Organization, infectious mononucleosis caused by Epstein-Barr virus affects 90% of the world's population. The aim of this study was to study the composition of the oropharyngeal microbiota and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity of its representatives, which are released in clinically significant concentrations from children with WEB infection who received antibiotic therapy. 28 patients with WEB infection in children aged 5 to 16 years were examined. Among the 28 children in inpatient treatment, 78.6% were patients under the age of 10. All children received antibiotic therapy, although according to treatment protocols, it is indicated only in the case of a bacterial infection. Streptococcus spp. with β-hemolysis (64.3%). Detection of S. aureus in 35.7% of patients indicates a violation of the structure of the normal microbiocenosis of the oropharynx. The study of antibiotic susceptibility of staphylococci and streptococci showed the presence of resistance in 52.6% of isolated strains of streptococci and 25.0% of staphylococci to azithromycin.

Intrasinusoidal HHV8-EBV–Positive Large B-Cell Lymphoma With Features of Germinotropic Lymphoproliferative Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 804-811
Author(s):  
Carolina Martinez-Ciarpaglini ◽  
Andrey Valkov ◽  
Mercedes Hurtado ◽  
Jaime Agustí ◽  
Giomer Malave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
World Health ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Health Organization

Germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder (GLPD) is a poorly characterized lymphoproliferative entity, recently included in the World Health Organization classification of hematolymphoid neoplasms. The histological pattern of this disease comprises monotypic plasmablasts that involve the germinal centers of the lymphoid follicles (germinotrophism), forming confluent aggregates positive for both human herpes virus type 8 (HHV8) and Epstein-Barr virus. Currently, after 17 years of its first description, only 18 cases have been reported. In this article, we describe a case of a GLPD presenting in an immunocompetent 79-year-old woman with localized axillary lymphadenopathy, showing a prominent sinusoidal growth pattern, with no evidence of germinotrophism or extrasinusoidal spread. Stinking pleomorphism in tumor cells was also noted. An extension study has not revealed involvement of other groups of lymph nodes or extralymphoid sites. The patient is alive and has shown no relapse after 8 years follow-up (the longest follow-up reported period for this entity). This previously unrecognized pure sinusoidal growth pattern along with the striking pleomorphism in neoplastic cells closely mimics the appearance of an anaplastic large cell lymphoma. GLPD is not usually considered in such a setting, but it should be included in the differential diagnosis of sinusoidal proliferations. Our findings contribute to the expansion of the morphological spectrum of HHV8-associated lymphoproliferative lesions and aids in the characterization of the very infrequent GLPD entity.

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