scholarly journals Angiogenesis in Regenerative Dentistry: Are We Far Enough for Therapy?

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 929
Author(s):  
Oana Baru ◽  
Andreea Nutu ◽  
Cornelia Braicu ◽  
Cosmin Andrei Cismaru ◽  
Ioana Berindan-Neagoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Dental Stem Cells ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry ◽  
Angiogenic Effect ◽  
Autologous Grafts

Angiogenesis is a broad spread term of high interest in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering including the dental field. In the last two decades, researchers worldwide struggled to find the best ways to accelerate healing, stimulate soft, and hard tissue remodeling. Stem cells, growth factors, pathways, signals, receptors, genetics are just a few words that describe this area in medicine. Dental implants, bone and soft tissue regeneration using autologous grafts, or xenografts, allografts, their integration and acceptance rely on their material properties. However, the host response, through its vascularization, plays a significant role. The present paper aims to analyze and organize the latest information about the available dental stem cells, the types of growth factors with pro-angiogenic effect and the possible therapeutic effect of enhanced angiogenesis in regenerative dentistry.

scholarly journals Sinking Our Teeth in Getting Dental Stem Cells to Clinics for Bone Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6387
Author(s):  
Sarah Hani Shoushrah ◽  
Janis Lisa Transfeld ◽  
Christian Horst Tonk ◽  
Dominik Büchner ◽  
Steffen Witzleben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Pharmaceutical Research ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Dental Stem Cells ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Dental Tissues

Dental stem cells have been isolated from the medical waste of various dental tissues. They have been characterized by numerous markers, which are evaluated herein and differentiated into multiple cell types. They can also be used to generate cell lines and iPSCs for long-term in vitro research. Methods for utilizing these stem cells including cellular systems such as organoids or cell sheets, cell-free systems such as exosomes, and scaffold-based approaches with and without drug release concepts are reported in this review and presented with new pictures for clarification. These in vitro applications can be deployed in disease modeling and subsequent pharmaceutical research and also pave the way for tissue regeneration. The main focus herein is on the potential of dental stem cells for hard tissue regeneration, especially bone, by evaluating their potential for osteogenesis and angiogenesis, and the regulation of these two processes by growth factors and environmental stimulators. Current in vitro and in vivo publications show numerous benefits of using dental stem cells for research purposes and hard tissue regeneration. However, only a few clinical trials currently exist. The goal of this review is to pinpoint this imbalance and encourage scientists to pick up this research and proceed one step further to translation.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal dental stem cells in regenerative dentistry

2012 ◽  
pp. e1062-e1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
FJ. Rodríguez-Lozano ◽  
CL. Insausti ◽  
F. Iniesta ◽  
M. Blanquer ◽  
MC. Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry

scholarly journals Application of dental stem cells in three-dimensional tissue regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1610-1624
Author(s):  
Hui-Yi Hsiao ◽  
Chung-Yi Nien ◽  
Hsiang-Hsi Hong ◽  
Ming-Huei Cheng ◽  
Tzung-Hai Yen
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dental Stem Cells

Behaviour of human mesenchymal stem cells on chemically synthesized HA-PCL scaffolds for hard tissue regeneration

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. E147-E154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo D'Antò ◽  
Maria Grazia Raucci ◽  
Vincenzo Guarino ◽  
Stefano Martina ◽  
Rosa Valletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Hard Tissue

scholarly journals Exosomes Derived From Stem Cells From Apical Papilla Promote Craniofacial Soft Tissue Regeneration Through Enhancing Cdc42-Mediated Vascularization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Liu ◽  
Xueying Zhuang ◽  
Si Yu ◽  
Ning Yang ◽  
Jianhong Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Soft Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Apical Papilla ◽  
Craniofacial Tissue

Abstract Background: Reconstruction of complex critical-size defects (CSD) in craniofacial region is a major challenge, and the soft tissue regeneration is crucial in determining the therapeutic outcome of craniofacial CSD. Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP) are neural crest-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which are homologous to craniofacial tissue, and represent a promising source for craniofacial tissue regeneration. Exosomes, which contained compound bioactive contents, are the key factors of stem cell paracrine action. However, the roles of exosomes derived from SCAP (SCAP-Exo) in tissue regeneration are not fully understood. Here, we explored the effects and underlying mechanisms of SCAP-Exo on CSD in maxillofacial soft tissue.Methods: SCAP-Exo were isolated and identified by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The effects of SCAP-Exo on wound healing and vascularisation were detected by measuring wound area, histological and immunofluorescence analysis in the palate gingiva CSD of mice. Real-time live cell imaging and functional assays were used to assess the effects of SCAP-Exo on the biological functions of endothelial cells (ECs). Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of SCAP-Exo mediated ECs angiogenesis in vitro was tested by immunofluorescence staining, Western blot and Pull-Down assays. Finally, in vivo experiments were carried out to verify whether SCAP-Exo could affect the vascularisation and wound healing through Cdc42.Results: We showed that SCAP-Exo promoted tissue regeneration of palatal gingiva CSD by enhancing vascularisation in the early phase in vivo, and also indicated SCAP-Exo improved the angiogenic capacity of endothelial cells (ECs) in vitro. Mechanistically, SCAP-Exo elevated cell migration by improving cytoskeletal reorganization of ECs via cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42) signalling. Furthermore, we revealed that SCAP-Exo transferred Cdc42 into the cytoplasm of ECs, and the Cdc42 protein could be reused directly by the recipient ECs, which resulted in the activation of Cdc42 dependent filopodia formation and elevation of cell migration of ECs.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that SCAP-Exo had a superior effect on angiogenesis and effectively promoted craniofacial soft tissue regeneration. These data provide a new option for SCAP-Exo to be used as a cell-free approach to optimize tissue regeneration in the clinic.

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