scholarly journals Local Epidermal Endocrine Estrogen Protects Human Melanocytes against Oxidative Stress, a Novel Insight into Vitiligo Pathology

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Asako Yamamoto ◽  
Lingli Yang ◽  
Yasutaka Kuroda ◽  
Jiao Guo ◽  
Lanting Teng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Estrogen Synthesis ◽  
Current Therapies

As the outermost barrier of the body, skin is a major target of oxidative stress. In the brain, estrogen has been reported synthesized locally and protects neurons from oxidative stress. Here, we explored whether estrogen is also locally synthesized in the skin to protect from oxidative stress and whether aberrant local estrogen synthesis is involved in skin disorders. Enzymes and estrogen receptor expression in skin cells were examined first by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analyses. Interestingly, the estrogen synthesis enzyme was mainly localized in epidermal keratinocytes and estrogen receptors were mainly expressed in melanocytes among 13 kinds of cultured human skin cells. The most abundant estrogen synthesis enzyme expressed in the epidermis was 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (HSD17β1) localized in keratinocytes, and the most dominant estrogen receptor expressed in the epidermis was G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) in melanocytes. To investigate whether keratinocyte-derived estradiol could protect melanocytes from oxidative stress, cultured human primary epidermal melanocytes (HEMn-MPs) were treated with H2O2 in the presence or absence of 17β estradiol or co-cultured with HSD17β1 siRNA-transfected keratinocytes. Keratinocyte-derived estradiol exhibited protective effects against H2O2-induced cell death. Further, reduced expression of HSD17β1 in the epidermis of skin from vitiligo patients was observed compared to the skin from healthy donors or in the normal portions of the skin in vitiligo patients. Our results suggest a possible new target for interventions that may be used in combination with current therapies for patients with vitiligo.

Ontogeny of androgen and estrogen receptor expression in porcine testis: Effect of reducing testicular estrogen synthesis

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 286-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Revathi Ramesh ◽  
Christopher A. Pearl ◽  
Eeman At-Taras ◽  
Janet F. Roser ◽  
Trish Berger
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Expression ◽  
Estrogen Synthesis ◽  
Porcine Testis

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidative Effects of Sumatriptan Against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sheibani ◽  
Hedyeh Faghir-Ghanesefat ◽  
Yaser Azizi ◽  
Tahmineh Mokhtari ◽  
Hasan Yousefi‐Manesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cardiac Damage ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Antioxidative Effects

The clinical use of doxorubicin as a potent chemotherapeutic agent is limited due to its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways have a pivotal role in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Sumatriptan, a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)1B/1D agonist that is mainly used to relieve migraine pain, has suggested exerting protective effects in numerous pathological conditions through antiinflammatory properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of sumatriptan on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and the contribution of anti-inflammation and antioxidative responses. Cardiotoxicity was induced by the administration of doxorubicin three times a week (2.5 mg/kg i.p) for two consecutive weeks on male rats. The animals were divided into four groups, including Control, Sumatriptan (0.1 mg/kg) received group, doxorubicin received group, and Doxorubicin+Sumatriptan (0.1 mg/kg) received group. Sumatriptan was administered 30 min before every injection of doxorubicin. On the last day of the second week, the body weight, mortality rate, electrocardiogram (ECG) and histopathological changes, cardiac inotropic study, and biochemical factors were evaluated. The loss of body weight, mortality rate, ECG parameters, reduction of papillary muscle contractility force as well as histopathological scores following administration of doxorubicin indicated severe cardiac damage. However, treatment with sumatriptan inhibited the functional and structural impairment induced by doxorubicin. In addition, sumatriptan could significantly reduce cardiac tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), which were increased in the doxorubicin-treated rats. This study illustrated the protective effects of sumatriptan on decreasing doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity and mortality rate in part through inhibition of inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Estrogen on Cardiovascular Disease Mediated by Oxidative Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Du Xiang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Shujun Zhou ◽  
Encheng Zhou ◽  
Yanfeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Epidemiological Investigation ◽  
Menopausal Women

Perimenopause is an important stage of female senescence. Epidemiological investigation has shown that the incidence of cardiovascular disease in premenopausal women is lower than that in men, and the incidence of cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women is significantly higher than that in men. This phenomenon reveals that estrogen has a definite protective effect on the cardiovascular system. In the cardiovascular system, oxidative stress is considered important in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, myocardial dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and myocardial ischemia. From the perspective of oxidative stress, estrogen plays a regulatory role in the cardiovascular system through the estrogen receptor, providing strategies for the treatment of menopausal women with cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking Despite Possible Protective Effects of Exercise Training: A Review of the Literature

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Taati ◽  
Hamid Arazi ◽  
Katsuhiko Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Relaxation Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking ◽  
The Impact

The prevalence of waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS), which is also known as ghalyan, shisha or hookah, is increasing rapidly around the world, especially among youth. Growing interest in this form of tobacco smoking can be traced, in part, to the use of flavored tobacco products, social acceptability as a safer option than cigarettes, and its consideration as a relaxation method or entertainment. However, there is a well-established association between WTS and oxidative stress that causes irreversible chronic pathological conditions such as cardiovascular and respiratory problems, as well as different types of cancers, and thus increases the risk of mortality. Clearly, induction of inflammation status through increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn leads to oxidative stress and harm to lipids, DNA, and proteins, is the most plausible mechanism to explain the potential harmful effects of WTS. Unlike WTS, well-designed exercise training programs increase ROS to the extent that it is beneficial to the body. In this study, we aimed to review available evidence on the impact of exercise training on oxidative stress and inflammation status. We also summarize the effect of acute and chronic WTS on different exercise capacities.

scholarly journals Blueberry Polyphenol Extracts Enhance the Intestinal Antioxidant Capacity in Weaned Rats by Modulating the Nrf2–Keap1 Signal Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangfang Zhao ◽  
Shen Yan ◽  
Mengliang Tian
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
The Body ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Protective Effects

Weaning causes the generation of excessive reactive oxygen species in the body, which could lead to oxidative stress. Polyphenols, for which blueberries are an important dietary source, are known for various health benefits including antioxidant properties. Here, we sought to elucidate the effects of blueberry polyphenol extracts (BPE) on intestinal antioxidant capacity and possible underlying mechanisms in weaned rats. Ninety-six rats were assigned to two groups and fed either a standard diet or a standard diet supplemented with BPE (200 mg/kg). The results showed that BPE supplementation increased (P < 0.05) catalase and superoxide dismutase activities and decreased (P < 0.05) interleukin-1 and interferon-γ contents in the jejunum and ileum. The abundances of mammalian target of rapamycin, ribosomal p70 S6 kinase and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 mRNA were elevated in the jejunum and ileum (P < 0.05) after BPE supplementation. Additionally, BPE supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) gene transcription and enhanced (P < 0.05) NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) gene transcription in the jejunum and ileum. According to our results, BPE-induced protective effects against oxidative stress appear through the promotion of the jejunal and ileal antioxidant defense system in weaned rats, which was associated with the Nrf2–Keap1 signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Quercetin and curcumin effects in experimental pleural inflammation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Bidian ◽  
Daniela-Rodica Mitrea ◽  
Olivia Gabriela Vasile ◽  
Adriana Filip ◽  
Adriana Florinela Cătoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pulmonary Pathology ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Background. The inflammatory mechanisms occur with the highest prevalence in pulmonary pathology. In pharmaceutical industry, carrageenan is used as a pro-inflammatory agent when the activity of anti-inflammatory agents is tested. The oxidative stress represents the imbalance between pro-oxidants and antioxidants which can lead to the activation of the oxidative mechanisms with noxius potential to the body. In experimental studies, quercetin is the most active flavonoid, having the highest anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Curcumin has antioxidant effects that are similar to those of the standard antioxidants and exerts direct anti-inflammatory activity. Aims. The aim of this study is to determine the antioxidant effects of quercetin and curcumin on a carrageenan-induced pleural inflammation. Methods. Eight groups of adult male rats were used: Ia and Ib -control groups, IIa and IIb -with carrageenan administration, IIIa and IIIb -with curcumin and carrageenan, IVa and IVb -with quercetin and carrageenan administration. Blood and lung samples were taken at 4 hours (Ia, IIa, IIIa, IVa groups) and at 24 hours (Ib, IIb, IIIb, IVb groups) after carrageenan administration. Results. In serum, at 4 and at 24 hours, curcumin and quercetin showed protective effects, reducing the oxidative stress (malondialdehyde significantly decreased) and stimulating the antioxidant protection (ceruloplasmin and glutathione significantly increased) in rats with administration of these substances, in comparison to the group that received only carrageenan. In the lungs, at 4 hours, the oxidative stress was significantly reduced only in the rats that received quercetin (malondialdehyde significantly decreased), modifications that were not observed at 24 hours.     Conclusions. In serum, curcumin presented higher antioxidant effects, compared to quercetin. In lungs, quercetin administration showed superior beneficial effects, but only temporarily.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Cellular Protective Effects against Oxidative Stress of Calendula officinalis Flowers Extracts in Human Skin Cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 620-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Hua Xuan ◽  
Ga Yoon Kim ◽  
Ji Yeon Yu ◽  
Jee Won Kim ◽  
Ye Rim Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Calendula Officinalis ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Human Skin Cells

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Pyruvic Acid Salt Against Lithium Toxicity and Oxidative Damage in Human Blood Mononuclear Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenii Plotnikov ◽  
Innokenty Losenkov ◽  
Elena Epimakhova ◽  
Nikolay Bohan
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Mood Stabilizer ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Potential Benefits

Purpose: Aim of present work was to study cytoprotective properties of lithium pyruvate, as a prospective pharmacological agent. Pyruvate has a lot of potential benefits due to positive influence on cell metabolism. Lithium is "gold-standard" mood-stabilizer. Combination of both may lead advantages. Methods: Lithium pyruvate was tested as cytoprotector on human blood mononuclears under induced oxidative stress. Cells were obtained from healthy donors and patients with alcoholism. The detection of cell viability, apoptosis and determination of oxidative stress level were conducted by flow cytometry. Results: Lithium pyruvate showed excellent cytoprotective properties in normal and oxidation conditions. This effect was independent from cell donor health status. It was shown on cells from healthy donors and alcoholics patients. Conclusion: Obtained results allow considering lithium pyruvate as potential normothymic agents (mood stabilizer) with excellent cytoprotective properties.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Rheum Turkestanicum Janischagainst Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ghorbani ◽  
Azar Hosseini ◽  
Farshad Mirzavi ◽  
Sara Hooshmand ◽  
Mohammad Sadegh Amiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
The Body ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Liver Changes ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

Abstract Aim of the study Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is common cancer that causes many deaths worldwide. Recent studies have reported anti-cancer effects of R. turkestanicum against various cell lines including leukemia cervical tumor, and breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to identify the effect of R. turkestanicum against diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC. Methods Wistar rats were divided into four groups of control, DEN, DEN + 100 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg of hydroethanolic extract of the plant roots. Results After four months, the animals in the DEN group showed HCC foci in the liver, an increase of hepatic lipid peroxidation, attenuation of hepatic antioxidant capacity, an increase of blood liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP), bilirubin, albumin, creatinine, glucose, and reduction of the body weight. The plant extract could decrease the levels of liver enzymes, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, albumin, urea, and creatinine in the blood. Also, the extract attenuated oxidative stress and improved pathological changes in the liver. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed a decrease in gene expression of Wnt/β-catenin and Akt and an increase in PTEN as the tumor suppressor gene. Conclusion The extract of R. turkestanicum reduced DEN-induced liver changes through inhibiting oxidative stress and attenuating the expression of Wnt/β-catenin and Akt and elevating PTEN expression.

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