scholarly journals A Recent Insight Regarding the Phytochemistry and Bioactivity of Origanum vulgare L. Essential Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9653
Author(s):  
Adelina Lombrea ◽  
Diana Antal ◽  
Florina Ardelean ◽  
Stefana Avram ◽  
Ioana Zinuca Pavel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Skin Disorders ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Dermatological Disorders ◽  
Phytochemical Profile ◽  
Geographical Characteristics

Origanum vulgare L. is a widely used aromatic plant, especially due to its content in essential oil, mainly rich in carvacrol and thymol. The ethnopharmacological uses of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil (OEO) comprise digestive, respiratory, or dermatological disorders. The review focuses on the increasing number of recent studies investigating several biological activities of OEO. The bioactivities are in tight relation to the phytochemical profile of the essential oil, and also depend on taxonomic, climatic, and geographical characteristics of the plant material. The antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, skin disorders beneficial effects, next to antihyperglycemic and anti-Alzheimer activities were reported and confirmed in multiple studies. Moreover, recent studies indicate a positive impact on skin disorders of OEO formulated as nanocarrier systems in order to improve its bioavailability and, thus, enhancing its therapeutic benefits. The review brings an up to date regarding the phytochemistry and bioactivity of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil, underlining also the most successful pharmaceutical formulation used for skin disorders.

Thymol Chemistry: A Medicinal Toolbox

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 454-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti ◽  
Divya Dheer ◽  
Davinder Singh ◽  
Gulshan Kumar ◽  
Manvika Karnatak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Food Preservative ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Trachyspermum Ammi ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Potential Use

Background: Thymol is a natural phenolic monoterpenoid widely used in pharmaceutical and food preservative applications. Thymol isomeric with carvacrol, extracted primarily from Thymus species (Trachyspermum ammi) and other plants sources such as Baccharisgrise bachii and Centipeda minima, has ethnopharmacological characteristics. <p></p> Methods: This review was prepared by analyzing articles published on thymol moiety in last decade and selected from Science Direct, Scopus, Pub Med, Web of Science and SciFinder. The selected articles are classified and gives brief introduction about thymol and its isolation, illustrates its natural as well as synthetic sources, and also therapeutic benefits of thymol worldwide <p></p> Results: Thymol has been covering different endeavors such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiarrhoeal, anthelmintic, analgesic, digestive, abortifacient, antihypertensive, spermicidal, depigmenting, antileishmanial, anticholinesterase, insecticidal and many others. This phenolic compound is among the essential scaffolds for medicinal chemists to synthesize more bio-active molecules by further derivatization of the thymol moiety. <p></p> Conclusion: Thymol is an interesting scaffold due to its different activities and derivatization of thymol is proved to enhance its biological activities. However, more robust, randomised, controlled clinical trials would be desirable with well-characterised thymol preparations to corroborate its beneficial effects in diseased patients. Moreover, in view of the potential use of thymol and thymol-rich essential oils in the treatment of human infections, comprehensive studies on chronic and acute toxicity and also teratogenicity are to be recommended.

scholarly journals Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Leaves: Nutritional Composition, Phytochemical Profile, and Health-Promoting Bioactivities

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Vivek Saurabh ◽  
Maharishi Tomar ◽  
Muzaffar Hasan ◽  
Sushil Changan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Phytochemical Profile ◽  
Mango Leaves

Mangifera indica L. belongs to the family of Anacardiaceae and is an important fruit from South and Southeast Asia. India, China, Thailand, Indonesia, Pakistan, Mexico, Brazil, Bangladesh, Nigeria, and the Philippines are among the top mango producer countries. Leaves of the mango plant have been studied for their health benefits, which are attributed to a plethora of phytochemicals such as mangiferin, followed by phenolic acids, benzophenones, and other antioxidants such as flavonoids, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and tocopherols. The extracts from mango leaves (MLs) have been studied for their biological activities, including anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, anti-obesity, lipid-lowering, hepato-protection, and anti-diarrheal. In the present review, we have elaborated on the nutritional and phytochemical profile of the MLs. Further, various bioactivities of the ML extracts are also critically discussed. Considering the phytochemical profile and beneficial effects of the MLs, they can be used as a potential ingredient for the development of functional foods and pharmaceutical drugs. However, more detailed clinical trials still needed to be conducted for establishing the actual efficacy of the ML extracts.

scholarly journals Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum (Lamiaceae) Essential Oil Prevents Behavioral and Oxidative Stress Changes in the Scopolamine Zebrafish Model

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7085
Author(s):  
Luminita Capatina ◽  
Edoardo Marco Napoli ◽  
Giuseppe Ruberto ◽  
Lucian Hritcu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Stress Changes ◽  
Brain Oxidative Stress

Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum has been used as medicinal herbs promoting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and neuroprotective activities. We investigated the protective effects and the mechanism of O. vulgare ssp. hirtum essential oil (OEO) on cognitive impairment and brain oxidative stress in a scopolamine (Sco)-induced zebrafish (Danio rerio) model of cognitive impairment. Our results show that exposure to Sco (100 µM) leads to anxiety, spatial memory, and response to novelty dysfunctions, whereas the administration of OEO (25, 150, and 300 µL/L, once daily for 13 days) reduced anxiety-like behavior and improved cognitive ability, which was confirmed by behavioral tests, such as the novel tank-diving test (NTT), Y-maze test, and novel object recognition test (NOR) in zebrafish. Additionally, Sco-induced brain oxidative stress and increasing of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were attenuated by the administration of OEO. The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were used to elucidate the OEO composition, comprising thymol (38.82%), p-cymene (20.28%), and γ-terpinene (19.58%) as the main identified components. These findings suggest the ability of OEO to revert the Sco-induced cognitive deficits by restoring the cholinergic system activity and brain antioxidant status. Thus, OEO could be used as perspective sources of bioactive compounds, displaying valuable biological activities, with potential pharmaceutical applications.

scholarly journals Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Leaves: Nutritional Composition, Phytochemical Profile and Health-Promoting Bioactivities

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 752
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Maharishi Tomar ◽  
Ryszard Amarowicz ◽  
Vivek Saurabh ◽  
M. Sneha Nair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Phytochemical Profile ◽  
Guava Leaves

Psidium guajava (L.) belongs to the Myrtaceae family and it is an important fruit in tropical areas like India, Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and South America. The leaves of the guava plant have been studied for their health benefits which are attributed to their plethora of phytochemicals, such as quercetin, avicularin, apigenin, guaijaverin, kaempferol, hyperin, myricetin, gallic acid, catechin, epicatechin, chlorogenic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, and caffeic acid. Extracts from guava leaves (GLs) have been studied for their biological activities, including anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, lipid-lowering, and hepatoprotection activities. In the present review, we comprehensively present the nutritional profile and phytochemical profile of GLs. Further, various bioactivities of the GL extracts are also discussed critically. Considering the phytochemical profile and beneficial effects of GLs, they can potentially be used as an ingredient in the development of functional foods and pharmaceuticals. More detailed clinical trials need to be conducted to establish the efficacy of the GL extracts.

scholarly journals The Potential Gastrointestinal Health Benefits of Thymus Vulgaris Essential Oil: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 1793-1799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Almanea ◽  
Gamal S. Abd El-Aziz ◽  
Mohamed Morsi M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits

In recent times, medicinal plants have received great attention worldwide due to their effective pharmacological properties and therapeutic benefits. Numerous chemical compounds extracted from various medicinal plants have manifold biological activities. Thymus vulgaris (TV) is a flowering plant with an aromatic odor that has been broadly applied in conventional medicine, food additives, and phyto-pharmaceutical preparations. It is recognized to have promising therapeutic potential for curing various types of diseases. The essential oil extracted from TV, which contains a high quantity of flavonoids, possess antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Consequently, it could be utilized as a good source in developing novel natural antioxidants and antibiotics. This review explores some of the potential health benefits of TV essential oil (TVEO) on the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Profile of Bioactive Phyto-compounds in Essential Oil of Cymbopogon martinii from Palani Hills, Western Ghats, INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
C. Soorya ◽  
S. Balamurugan ◽  
Afroze Naveed Basha ◽  
C. Kandeepan ◽  
S. Ramya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Targets ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Geranyl Butyrate ◽  
Cymbopogon Martinii ◽  
Novel Drug

Worldwide interest in use of plants based natural products (PBNPs) has been growing, and its beneficial effects being rediscovered for the development of novel drugs. Literature survey on indigenous traditional knowledge bestows ethnopharmacological potentials of PBNPs that has inspired current research in drug design and discovery; PBNPs provide baseline for the development of novel drug leads against various pharmacological targets. Studies indicate that Cymbopogon martini Essential Oil (CMEO) exhibit wide range of biological activities such as hepatoprotective, antifungal, insecticide, antioxidant and antibacterial. Pharmacological properties in Palmarosa Essential Oil (PEO) may be due to the presence of compounds like 4-Decen-6-yne, (Z), 2-Ethylimino-4-methyl-pent-3-enenitrile, Dihydrocarvyl acetate, 2-Methylbenzaldehyde, Geranyl butyrate, 1,5,9,9-Tetramethyl-1,4,7-cycloundecatriene. However, its application is limited because of the odor, color and taste. In the present study, GCMS based profile of bioactive phyto-compounds in essential oil of Cymbopogon martinii along with its physiochemical, biological, molecular, pharmacological and drugable properties has been envisaged. Keywords: Cymbopogon martinii Essential Oil (CMEO); Pharmacological Activity; ADMET Properties; Bioactive Compounds; Plant Based Natural Products (PBNPs);

scholarly journals Sage, Salvia officinalis L., Constituents, Hepatoprotective Activity, and Cytotoxicity Evaluations of the Essential Oils Obtained from Fresh and Differently Timed Dried Herbs: A Comparative Analysis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5757
Author(s):  
Hamdoon A. Mohammed ◽  
Hussein M. Eldeeb ◽  
Riaz A. Khan ◽  
Mohsen S. Al-Omar ◽  
Salman A. A. Mohammed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Salvia Officinalis L

Sage, Salvia officinalis L., is used worldwide as an aromatic herb for culinary purposes as well as a traditional medicinal agent for various ailments. Current investigations exhibited the effects of extended dryings of the herb on the yields, composition, oil quality, and hepatoprotective as well as anti-cancer biological activities of the hydrodistillation-obtained essential oils from the aerial parts of the plant. The essential oils’ yields, compositions, and biological activities levels of the fresh and differently timed and room-temperature dried herbs differed significantly. The lowest yields of the essential oil were obtained from the fresh herbs (FH, 631 mg, 0.16%), while the highest yield was obtained from the two-week dried herbs (2WDH, 1102 mg, 0.28%). A notable decrease in monoterpenes, with increment in the sesquiterpene constituents, was observed for the FH-based essential oil as compared to all the other batches of the essential oils obtained from the different-timed dried herbs. Additionally, characteristic chemotypic constituents of sage, i.e., α-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, myrcene, 1, 8-cineole, α-thujone, and camphor, were present in significantly higher proportions in all the dried herbs’ essential oils as compared to the FH-based essential oil. The in vivo hepatoprotective activity demonstrated significant reductions in the levels of AST, ALT, and ALP, as well as a significant increase in the total protein (p < 0.05) contents level, as compared to the acetaminophen (AAP) administered experimental group of rats. A significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the ALT level was demonstrated by the 4WDH-based essential oil in comparison to the FH-based essential oil. The levels of creatinine, cholesterol, and triglycerides were reduced (p < 0.05) in the pre-treated rats by the essential oil batches, with non-significant differences found among them as a result of the herbs dryings based oils. A notable increase in the viability of the cells, and total antioxidant capacity (TAOxC) levels, together with the reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were observed by the essential oils obtained from all the batches as compared with the AAP-treated cell-lines, HepG-2, HeLa, and MCF-7, that indicated the in vitro hepatoprotective effects of the sage essential oils. However, significant improvements in the in vivo and in vitro hepatoprotective activities with the 4WDH-based oil, as compared to all other essential oil-batches and silymarin standard demonstrated the beneficial effects of the drying protocol for the herb for its medicinal purposes.

scholarly journals Biocontrol of Carrot Disease-Causing Pathogens Using Essential Oils

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2231
Author(s):  
Simona Chrapačienė ◽  
Neringa Rasiukevičiūtė ◽  
Alma Valiuškaitė
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Origanum Vulgare ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

Diseases caused by fungal pathogens such as Alternaria spp. damage the commercial appearance of carrots or cause foliage diseases, resulting in significant yield losses each year and are a source of pre- and postharvest rots. European commission encourages the reduction of chemical pesticides. Therefore, the potential of essential oils for alternative plant protection is increasingly discussed. Furthermore, essential oils naturally produced by aromatic plants are rich in secondary metabolites, which possess several biological activities, and their use could be a significant step in environmentally friendly food production. This study aimed to evaluate the Origanum vulgare subsp. vulgare and Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum essential oils efficacy on Alternaria spp. growth inhibition. A Clevenger-type apparatus was used to extract the essential oils from the fresh material. The Alternaria spp. radial colony growth was evaluated under essential oils concentrations from 200 to 600 µL L−1. Each essential oil separately was mixed with a PDA medium and Alternaria spp. disk placed in the center of the Petri dishes. Plates were incubated at 25 °C in the dark and evaluated 1, 2, 3, and 7 days after inoculation. The results revealed little difference between the essential oils, and the most effective concentration was 600 µL L−1 of O. vulgare subsp. vulgare essential oil and 400 µL L−1 of O. vulgare subsp. hirtum. Our findings can help to control carrot disease-causing pathogens Alternaria spp., but further research is needed.

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