scholarly journals Overexpression of the Auxin Receptor AFB3 in Arabidopsis Results in Salt Stress Resistance and the Modulation of NAC4 and SZF1

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9528
Author(s):  
Fernanda Garrido-Vargas ◽  
Tamara Godoy ◽  
Ricardo Tejos ◽  
José Antonio O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Auxin Receptor ◽  
Salt Stress Response ◽  
Regulatory Pathways

Soil salinity is a key problem for crop production worldwide. High salt concentration in soil negatively modulates plant growth and development. In roots, salinity affects the growth and development of both primary and lateral roots. The phytohormone auxin regulates various developmental processes during the plant’s life cycle, including several aspects of root architecture. Auxin signaling involves the perception by specialized receptors which module several regulatory pathways. Despite their redundancy, previous studies have shown that their functions can also be context-specific depending on tissue, developmental or environmental cues. Here we show that the over-expression of Auxin Signaling F-Box 3 receptor results in an increased resistance to salinity in terms of root architecture and germination. We also studied possible downstream signaling components to further characterize the role of auxin in response to salt stress. We identify the transcription factor SZF1 as a key component in auxin-dependent salt stress response through the regulation of NAC4. These results give lights of an auxin-dependent mechanism that leads to the modulation of root system architecture in response to salt identifying a hormonal cascade important for stress response.

Gamma Ray Irradiation for Crop Protection Against Salt Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
Vasundhara Sharma ◽  
Poonam Yadav ◽  
Bhupinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Salt Stress Response ◽  
Tolerance Response ◽  
Gamma Ray Irradiation ◽  
Dietary Value

Legumes have tremendous dietary value for human nutrition. However, the productivity of food legumes is always compromised owing to their insufficient ability to tolerate abiotic stresses such as drought or water logging, marginal soil, low/high temperatures and salt stress. Stress induces changes at the morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular level which are consequently manifested in terms of reduced seed yield and quality. Salt stress is one of the most important constraints to crop production particularly in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Low dose of ionising radiation like gamma ray is reported to induce growth and several other physiological attributes in non-legume and legume crops. Relationship between seed gamma irradiation and salinity stress response could be related to favourable maintenance of gas exchange attributes (Pn, gs and E), 14C partitioning, activity of antioxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT and POX), membrane stability index (MSI) K+ to Na+ ratio, proline and glycine betaine content. One or more mechanisms may contribute simultaneously towards salt tolerance response of crop plants. The present review critically analyses the effect of gamma ray irradiation on growth and development of legumes under salt stress and evaluates the contribution of various physiological and biochemical mechanisms towards radiation mediated alleviation of salt stress response.

scholarly journals Salicylic Acid Alleviated Salt Damage of Populus euphratica: A Physiological and Transcriptomic Analysis

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shupei Rao ◽  
Chao Du ◽  
Aijia Li ◽  
Xinli Xia ◽  
Weilun Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Populus Euphratica ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Salt Stress Response

Populus euphratica Oliv. is a model tree for studying abiotic stress, especially salt stress response. Salt stress is one of the most extensive abiotic stresses, which has an adverse effect on plant growth and development. Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signaling molecule that plays an important role in modulating the plant responses to abiotic stresses. To answer whether the endogenous SA can be induced by salt stress, and whether SA effectively alleviates the negative effects of salt on poplar growth is the main purpose of the study. To elucidate the effects of SA and salt stress on the growth of P. euphratica, we examined the morphological and physiological changes of P. euphratica under 300 mM NaCl after treatment with different concentrations of SA. A pretreatment of P. euphratica with 0.4 mM SA for 3 days effectively improved the growth status of plants under subsequent salt stress. These results indicate that appropriate concentrations of exogenous SA can effectively counteract the negative effect of salt stress on growth and development. Subsequently, transcripts involved in salt stress response via SA signaling were captured by RNA sequencing. The results indicated that numerous specific genes encoding mitogen-activated protein kinase, calcium-dependent protein kinase, and antioxidant enzymes were upregulated. Potassium transporters and Na+/H+ antiporters, which maintain K+/Na+ balance, were also upregulated after SA pretreatment. The transcriptome changes show that the ion transport and antioxidant enzymes were the early enhanced systems in response of P. euphratica to salt via SA, expanding our knowledge about SA function in salt stress defense in P. euphratica. This provides a solid foundation for future study of functional genes controlling effective components in metabolic pathways of trees.

scholarly journals Phospholipids in Salt Stress Response

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2204
Author(s):  
Xiuli Han ◽  
Yongqing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Regulatory Role ◽  
Salt Stress Response ◽  
Multiple Components ◽  
Stress Signal ◽  
Role Based ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Molecular Compounds

High salinity threatens crop production by harming plants and interfering with their development. Plant cells respond to salt stress in various ways, all of which involve multiple components such as proteins, peptides, lipids, sugars, and phytohormones. Phospholipids, important components of bio-membranes, are small amphoteric molecular compounds. These have attracted significant attention in recent years due to the regulatory effect they have on cellular activity. Over the past few decades, genetic and biochemical analyses have partly revealed that phospholipids regulate salt stress response by participating in salt stress signal transduction. In this review, we summarize the generation and metabolism of phospholipid phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphoinositides (PIs), phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG), as well as the regulatory role each phospholipid plays in the salt stress response. We also discuss the possible regulatory role based on how they act during other cellular activities.

scholarly journals The Diverse Salt-Stress Response of Arabidopsis ctr1-1 and ein2-1Ethylene Signaling Mutants Is Linked to Altered Root Auxin Homeostasis

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 452
Author(s):  
Irina I. Vaseva ◽  
Kiril Mishev ◽  
Thomas Depaepe ◽  
Valya Vassileva ◽  
Dominique Van Der Van Der Straeten
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Auxin Biosynthesis ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Ethylene Signaling ◽  
Salt Stress Response ◽  
Ethylene Signaling Pathway ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Regulatory Loop

We explored the interplay between ethylene signals and the auxin pool in roots exposed to high salinity using Arabidopsisthaliana wild-type plants (Col-0), and the ethylene-signaling mutants ctr1-1 (constitutive) and ein2-1 (insensitive). The negative effect of salt stress was less pronounced in ctr1-1 individuals, which was concomitant with augmented auxin signaling both in the ctr1-1 controls and after 100 mM NaCl treatment. The R2D2 auxin sensorallowed mapping this active auxin increase to the root epidermal cells in the late Cell Division (CDZ) and Transition Zone (TZ). In contrast, the ethylene-insensitive ein2-1 plants appeared depleted in active auxins. The involvement of ethylene/auxin crosstalk in the salt stress response was evaluated by introducing auxin reporters for local biosynthesis (pTAR2::GUS) and polar transport (pLAX3::GUS, pAUX1::AUX1-YFP, pPIN1::PIN1-GFP, pPIN2::PIN2-GFP, pPIN3::GUS) in the mutants. The constantly operating ethylene-signaling pathway in ctr1-1 was linked to increased auxin biosynthesis. This was accompanied by a steady expression of the auxin transporters evaluated by qRT-PCR and crosses with the auxin transport reporters. The results imply that the ability of ctr1-1 mutant to tolerate high salinity could be related to the altered ethylene/auxin regulatory loop manifested by a stabilized local auxin biosynthesis and transport.

Progress in understanding salt stress response in plants using biotechnological tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 180-191
Author(s):  
Ulkar İbrahimova ◽  
Pragati Kumari ◽  
Saurabh Yadav ◽  
Anshu Rastogi ◽  
Michal Antala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Salt Stress Response

scholarly journals Proteome dynamics and early salt stress response of the photosynthetic organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

BMC Genomics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Mastrobuoni ◽  
Susann Irgang ◽  
Matthias Pietzke ◽  
Heike E Aßmus ◽  
Markus Wenzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Salt Stress Response ◽  
Photosynthetic Organism

scholarly journals Interaction of SOS2 with Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase 2 and Catalases Reveals a Point of Connection between Salt Stress and H2O2 Signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (22) ◽  
pp. 7771-7780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Verslues ◽  
Giorgia Batelli ◽  
Stefania Grillo ◽  
Fernanda Agius ◽  
Yong-Sig Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Double Mutant ◽  
Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Interacting Proteins ◽  
Salt Stress Response ◽  
Oxygen Signaling ◽  
Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase 2

ABSTRACT SOS2, a class 3 sucrose-nonfermenting 1-related kinase, has emerged as an important mediator of salt stress response and stress signaling through its interactions with proteins involved in membrane transport and in regulation of stress responses. We have identified additional SOS2-interacting proteins that suggest a connection between SOS2 and reactive oxygen signaling. SOS2 was found to interact with the H2O2 signaling protein nucleoside diphosphate kinase 2 (NDPK2) and to inhibit its autophosphorylation activity. A sos2-2 ndpk2 double mutant was more salt sensitive than a sos2-2 single mutant, suggesting that NDPK2 and H2O2 are involved in salt resistance. However, the double mutant did not hyperaccumulate H2O2 in response to salt stress, suggesting that it is altered signaling rather than H2O2 toxicity alone that is responsible for the increased salt sensitivity of the sos2-2 ndpk2 double mutant. SOS2 was also found to interact with catalase 2 (CAT2) and CAT3, further connecting SOS2 to H2O2 metabolism and signaling. The interaction of SOS2 with both NDPK2 and CATs reveals a point of cross talk between salt stress response and other signaling factors including H2O2.

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