scholarly journals Functional Validation of Glutamine synthetase and Glutamate synthase Genes in Durum Wheat near Isogenic Lines with QTL for High GPC

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 9253
Author(s):  
Domenica Nigro ◽  
Stefania Fortunato ◽  
Stefania Lucia Giove ◽  
Elisabetta Mazzucotelli ◽  
Agata Gadaleta
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Glutamate Synthase ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Candidate Gene Approach ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Minor Crop ◽  
A Minor

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum) is a minor crop grown on about 17 million hectares of land worldwide. Several grain characteristics determine semolina’s high end-use quality, such as grain protein content (GPC) which is directly related to the final products’ nutritional and technological values. GPC improvement could be pursued by considering a candidate gene approach. The glutamine synthetase (GS)/glutamate synthase (GOGAT) cycle represents a bottleneck in the first step of nitrogen assimilation. QTL for GPC have been located on all chromosomes, and several major ones have been reported on 2A and 2B chromosomes, where GS2 and Fd-GOGAT genes have been mapped. A useful and efficient method to validate a putative QTL is the constitution of near-isogenic lines (NILs) by using the marker found to be associated to that QTL. Here, we present the development of two distinct sets of heterogeneous inbred family (HIF)- based NILs segregating for GS2 and Fd-GOGAT genes obtained from heterozygous lines at those loci, as well as their genotypic and phenotypic characterizations. The results allow the validation of the previously identified GPC QTL on 2A and 2B chromosomes, along with the role of these key genes in GPC control.

Analysis of near-isogenic lines of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. van durum)

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. I. Amadou ◽  
P. J. Kaltsikes ◽  
P. J. Bebeli
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Isogenic Lines

scholarly journals Physiological and Molecular Osmotic Stress Responses in Three Durum Wheat (Triticum Turgidum ssp Durum) Genotypes

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma Jallouli ◽  
Sawsen Ayadi ◽  
Simone Landi ◽  
Giorgia Capasso ◽  
Giorgia Santini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Glutamate Synthase ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Primary Metabolism

This study aims to investigate the activities and expression of enzymes of primary metabolism and relate these data with the growth performance of three different durum wheat genotypes (Maali; YT13; and ON66) under osmotic stress. Growth traits—including plant height, dry weight (DW) and relative water content (RWC)—were measured to classify genotypes depending on their tolerance to stress. Several enzymes were investigated: Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), Glutamine Synthetase (GS), Glutamine dehydrogenase (GDH), Glutamate synthase (GOGAT), Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase (PEPC). The expression of the cytosolic and plastidic glutamine synthetase (TaGS1 and TaGS2), high affinity nitrate transporters (TaNRT2.3) and Glutamate dehydrogenase (TaGDH) were also detected by qRT-PCR. The results indicated different growth performances among genotypes, indicating Maali and YT13 as tolerant genotypes and ON66 as a drought-susceptible variety. Data showed a decrease in PEPC and increase in APX activities under osmotic stress; a slight decrease in GS activity was observed, together with an increase in G6PDH in all genotypes; GS and NRT2 expressions changed in a similar pattern in the different genotypes. Interestingly, Maali and YT13 showed higher transcript abundance for GDH under stress compared to ON66, suggesting the implication of GDH in protective phenomena upon osmotic stress.

Isolation and characterisation of cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GSe) genes and association with grain protein content in durum wheat

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Gadaleta ◽  
Domenica Nigro ◽  
Ilaria Marcotuli ◽  
Angelica Giancaspro ◽  
Stefania L. Giove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Glutamate Synthase ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Concerted Action ◽  
Cytosolic Glutamine Synthetase

Glutamine synthetase (GS) enzyme (EC 6.3.1.2) plays a central role in assimilating ammonia produced in the leaf from metabolic processes, spanning from assimilation to transamination reactions and catabolic processes. GS is located in both cytoplasm (GS1, GSe and GSr) and plastids (GS2) of plant cells. Glutamine and glutamate, produced by the concerted action of GS and glutamate synthase, are then transported from the leaf to the developing sinks or grain in wheat. The goal of the present study was to characterise GSe genes and to assess the linkage with grain protein content, an important quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes. Here, we report the isolation of the complete cytosolic GS gene sequences of the durum wheat cvv. ‘Ciccio’ and ‘Svevo’ (characterised by low and high protein content, respectively). GSe-A4 located on 4A chromosome comprises 12 exons separated by 11 introns, while the GSe-B4 gene on 4B chromosome comprises 11 exons separated by 10 introns. Quantitative real-time PCR indicated different expression levels of GSe-A4 and GSe-B4 genes in the two wheat cvv. ‘Ciccio’ and ‘Svevo’. The two GSe genes were significantly associated to quantitative trait loci for grain protein content.

scholarly journals Allelic Variants of Glutamine Synthetase and Glutamate Synthase Genes in a Collection of Durum Wheat and Association with Grain Protein Content

Diversity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenica Nigro ◽  
Stefania Fortunato ◽  
Stefania Giove ◽  
Giacomo Mangini ◽  
Ines Yacoubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Glutamate Synthase ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Allelic Variants

Quantification of effects of leaf spotting diseases on grain yield and market quality of durum wheat using near-isogenic lines

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Fernandez ◽  
F. R. Clarke ◽  
R. E. Knox ◽  
J. M. Clarke ◽  
A. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Market Quality ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Isogenic Lines

STMS markers for grain protein content and their validation using near-isogenic lines in bread wheat

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harjit-Singh ◽  
Prasad ◽  
Varshney ◽  
Roy ◽  
Balyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Stms Markers
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