scholarly journals The Effect of Sodium Butyrate on Adventitious Shoot Formation Varies among the Plant Species and the Explant Types

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8451
Author(s):  
Myoung Hui Lee ◽  
Jiyoung Lee ◽  
Seung Hee Choi ◽  
Eun Yee Jie ◽  
Jae Cheol Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Sodium Butyrate ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Cotyledon Explants

Histone acetylation plays an important role in plant growth and development. Here, we investigated the effect of sodium butyrate (NaB), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on adventitious shoot formation from protoplast-derived calli and cotyledon explants of tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). The frequency of adventitious shoot formation from protoplast-derived calli was higher in shoot induction medium (SIM) containing NaB than in the control. However, the frequency of adventitious shoot formation from cotyledon explants of tobacco under the 0.1 mM NaB treatment was similar to that in the control, but it decreased with increasing NaB concentration. Unlike in tobacco, NaB decreased adventitious shoot formation in tomato explants in a concentration-dependent manner, but it did not have any effect on adventitious shoot formation in calli. NaB inhibited or delayed the expression of D-type cyclin (CYCD3-1) and shoot-regeneration regulatory gene WUSCHEL (WUS) in cotyledon explants of tobacco and tomato. However, compared to that in control SIM, the expression of WUS was promoted more rapidly in tobacco calli cultured in NaB-containing SIM, but the expression of CYCD3-1 was inhibited. In conclusion, the effect of NaB on adventitious shoot formation and expression of CYCD3-1 and WUS genes depended on the plant species and whether the effects were tested on explants or protoplast-derived calli.

scholarly journals 882 PB 276 IN VITRO PROPAGATION AND CHIMERAL TRAITS OF Cryptanthus `Marian Oppenheimer' (WIDE LEAF CLONE)

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 560c-560
Author(s):  
Yong Cheong Koh ◽  
Fred T. Davies
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Periclinal Chimera ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
L1 And L2

The leaves of vegetative stolons of greenhouse grown Cryptanthus `Marian Oppenheimer' (wide leaf clone) were cultured in modified MS media to induce adventitious shoot formation via callus formation. The best callus induction medium was basal MS medium with 10 μM NAA, IBA and BA. Pure green (843), maroon (3), striped (2) and albino plantlets were obtained. Most of the albino plantlets were stunted, tightly clumped together and impossible to score. The medium which produced the highest average number of non-albino plantlets was basal MS medium with 0.3 μM NAA, IBA and BA All non-albino plantlets were rooted in MS medium with 5.4 μM NAA and transplanted ex vitro with a survival rate of 96.7%. The maroon plantlets became green two weeks after transplanting. Histological studies revealed that C. `Marian Oppenheimer' (wide leaf clone) has two tunicas (L1 and L2) and a corpus (L3). Callus on the leaf explant arose mainly from the L2 and L3. Apparently C. `Marian Oppenheimer' (wide leaf clone) is a GWG periclinal chimera.

Effect of genotype and medium composition on linseed (Linum usitatissimum) ovary culture

Biologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalija Burbulis ◽  
Aušra Blinstrubienė ◽  
Ramunė Kuprienė
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Ovary Culture ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation

AbstractBreeding linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) using haploid techniques allows breeders to develop new cultivars in a shorter time period. Many research groups successfully created new linseed genotypes through anther culture; however ovary culture has been the subject of only a few earlier studies. In the present study, the effect of genotype and growth regulators combination on callus induction and shoots regeneration in ovary culture of nine commercially important linseed cultivars was investigated. Ovaries were cultured on modified MS medium supplemented with three different combinations of plant growth regulators. Variable callogenic responses were expressed by all of the genotypes tested on different induction media. The results suggested that specific combination of growth regulators for callus induction must be designed for each genotype. Shoot regeneration from ovary derived callus is a critical phase of the whole gynogenetic process. Differences in adventitious shoot formation frequency among genotypes were demonstrated and four responsive genotypes have been selected. Ovary derived callus from cultivar ‘Mikael’ manifested the highest adventitious shoot formation frequency with a high number of shoots per explant. The optimum ratio of growth regulators for shoot regeneration was shown to depend on the genotype. Cultivars ‘Linola’, ‘Mikael’ and ‘Szaphir’ showed the highest shoot regeneration frequency when callus had originated on induction medium supplemented with 2 mg L−1 BAP and 2 mg L−1 NAA, while combination of 1 mg L−1 BAP and 2 mg L−1 IAA promoted shoot formation in ovary-derived callus of ‘Barbara’. The highest rate of shoots per explant has been obtained in second subculture.

scholarly journals In Vitro Adventitious Shoot Formation on Cotyledons of Pinus pinea

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Victoria González ◽  
Manuel Rey ◽  
Raffaela Tavazza ◽  
Stefano La Malfa ◽  
Luigi Cuozzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Pinus Pinea ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Bud Induction

Plant regeneration was obtained from adventitious buds induced in isolated cotyledons of Italian stone pine (Pinus pinea L.). The best results for bud induction were obtained by using half-strength LePoivre medium with 4.5 μM 6-benzyladenine for 30 days. Shoot elongation was achieved in the same medium without growth regulators but with the addition of 0.5% activated charcoal. The induction medium was the best also for shoot multiplication, but it was necessary to include subcultures on elongation medium. The slow elongation rate of adventitious shoots remains the greatest obstacle to multiplication. Root formation (15%) after 5 months was observed when shoots were cultured on elongation medium for long periods.

scholarly journals Temporal and Spatial Expression Analysis of Shoot-Regeneration Regulatory Genes during the Adventitious Shoot Formation in Hypocotyl and Cotyledon Explants of Tomato (CV. Micro-Tom)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myoung Hui Lee ◽  
Jiyoung Lee ◽  
Eun Yee Jie ◽  
Seung Hee Choi ◽  
Lingmin Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Regulatory Genes ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Cotyledon Explants ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Enhancing the competence for plant regeneration in tissue culture studies is an important issue not only for efficient genetic transformation of commercial crops but also for the reproducibility of scientific reports. In this study, we investigated optimization of several tissue culture conditions including plant growth regulators, types and ages of explants, culture densities, and plant position in order to improve the competence of adventitious shoot formation of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom). In addition, we examined the differential expression of D-type cyclin (CYCD3-1) and several shoot regeneration regulatory genes from hypocotyl and cotyledon explants of tomato during shoot organogenesis. A treatment of 1 mg L−1 Zeatin and 0.1 mg L−1 Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 3% sucrose was optimal for adventitious shoot formation from hypocotyl and cotyledon explants. The younger explants exhibited more shoot formation regardless of explant types. Additionally, those closest to the shoot apical meristem produced more shoots compared to the other regions in the hypocotyl and the cotyledon explants. Gene expression of CYCD3-1, SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM), and cytokinin dependent WUSCHEL (WUS) was significantly higher in younger explants than in older ones. Furthermore, an increase in CYCD3-1, STM, and WUS expression was evident at the distal part of hypocotyls and the proximal part of cotyledons compared to other regions. These differential gene expression profiles exhibited good agreement with the results of shoot formation obtained from diverse explants of tomato. These results suggest that temporal and spatial gene expression of shoot regeneration regulatory genes plays an important role in enhancing the competence and the reproducibility of adventitious shoot formation from tomato explants.

Surface structural analysis of cultured cotyledons of Douglas-fir

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 2729-2733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward G. Kirby ◽  
Margaretha E. Schalk
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation ◽  
Callus Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Induction Medium

Cotyledons of Douglas-fir are triangular in cross section and possess two epistomatic surfaces with centrally located stomatal rows (commonly seven). After 1 week in culture on a medium inducing adventitious shoot formation (5 μM N6-benzylaminopurine and 5 μM α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)) or callus proliferation (5 μM NAA) cells of the hypodermal region immediately below the epidermis begin to elongate and divide rupturing the epidermis. Apical domes of adventitiously produced bud primordia emerge from the ruptured epidermis after 14–21 days in culture on shoot induction medium. Emergence of buds takes place preferentially on epistomatic cotyledonary surfaces. The large number of hypodermal cells that respond to shoot induction medium by forming adventitious shoots suggests further investigation of fundamental events associated with morphogenesis in cotyledon cultures of Douglas-fir.

scholarly journals Developmental Anatomy of Adventitious Shoot Formation on Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.) Hypocotyls In Vitro

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Busse ◽  
M. Figueroa-Cabanas ◽  
D.P. Stimart
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Antirrhinum Majus ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Developmental Anatomy ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation

Developmental anatomy of adventitious shoot formation in vitro from snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.) hypocotyls was investigated using two inbred lines, the most (R) and least (NR) regenerative lines selected from screening (Schroeder and Stimart, 1999). Time course analysis indicated cell division in the most regenerative line occurred first in one or a small number of epidermal cells with periclinal and anticlinal divisions within 2 days of placing hypocotyls on induction medium. Subsequently, cortical then vascular cells were recruited beneath the dividing epidermal cells. Once shoots formed, their vascular system was continuous with the original hypocotyl explant. The least regenerative line had no cell division directed towards organogenesis through 6 days. Shoot formation on snapdragon hypocotyls was adventitious in origin, by direct organogenesis and genotype dependent.

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