scholarly journals Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing-Based Analysis of DAZL and Its Interacting Genes during Germ Cells Specification and Zygotic Genome Activation in Chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8170
Author(s):  
Deivendran Rengaraj ◽  
Sohyoung Won ◽  
Jong Won Han ◽  
DongAhn Yoo ◽  
Heebal Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Transcriptome Sequencing ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Transcription ◽  
Whole Transcriptome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Whole Transcriptome ◽  
Zygotic Genome

The deleted in azoospermia like (DAZL) is required for germ cells development and maintenance. In chickens, the mRNA and protein of DAZL, a representative maternally inherited germ plasm factor, are detected in the germ plasm of oocyte, zygote, and all stages of the intrauterine embryos. However, it is still insufficient to explain the origin and specification process of chicken germ cells, because the stage at which the zygotic transcription of DAZL occurs and the stage at which the maternal DAZL RNA/protein clears have not yet been fully identified. Moreover, a comprehensive understanding of the expression of DAZL interacting genes during the germ cells specification and development and zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is lacking in chickens. In this study, we identified a set of DAZL interacting genes in chickens using in silico prediction method. Then, we analyzed the whole-transcriptome sequencing (WTS)-based expression of DAZL and its interacting genes in the chicken oocyte, zygote, and Eyal-Giladi and Kochav (EGK) stage embryos (EGK.I to EGK.X). In the results, DAZL transcripts are increased in the zygote (onset of transcription), maintained the increased level until EGK.VI, and decreased from EGK.VIII (possible clearance of maternal RNAs). Among the DAZL interacting genes, most of them are increased either at 1st ZGA or 2nd ZGA, indicating their involvement in germ cells specification and development.

CLAMP regulates Zygotic Genome Activation in Drosophila embryos

Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M Colonnetta ◽  
Juan E Abrahante ◽  
Paul Schedl ◽  
Daryl M Gohl ◽  
Girish Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Embryonic Patterning ◽  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Promoter Sequences ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Zygotic Transcription ◽  
Pioneer Factor ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Drosophila Embryos ◽  
Zygotic Genome

Abstract Embryonic patterning is critically dependent on zygotic genome activation (ZGA). In Drosophila melanogaster embryos, the pioneer factor Zelda directs ZGA, possibly in conjunction with other factors. Here we have explored novel involvement of Chromatin-Linked Adapter for MSL Proteins (CLAMP) during ZGA. CLAMP binds thousands of sites genome-wide throughout early embryogenesis. Interestingly, CLAMP relocates to target promoter sequences across the genome when ZGA is initiated. Although there is a considerable overlap between CLAMP and Zelda binding sites, the proteins display distinct temporal dynamics. To assess whether CLAMP occupancy affects gene expression, we analyzed transcriptomes of embryos zygotically compromised for either clamp or zelda and found that transcript levels of many zygotically-activated genes are similarly affected. Importantly, compromising either clamp or zelda disrupted the expression of critical segmentation and sex determination genes bound by CLAMP (and Zelda). Furthermore, clamp knockdown embryos recapitulate other phenotypes observed in Zelda-depleted embryos, including nuclear division defects, centrosome aberrations, and a disorganized actomyosin network. Based on these data, we propose that CLAMP acts in concert with Zelda to regulate early zygotic transcription.

scholarly journals Reciprocal zebrafish-medaka hybrids reveal maternal control of zygotic genome activation timing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista R Gert ◽  
Luis Enrique Cabrera Quio ◽  
Maria Novatchkova ◽  
Yixuan Guo ◽  
Bradley R Cairns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Transcription ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
Paternal Control ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome

After fertilization, the sperm and egg contribute unequally to the newly formed zygote. While the sperm contributes mainly paternal DNA, the egg provides both maternal DNA and the bulk of the future embryonic cytoplasm. Most embryonic processes (like the onset of zygotic transcription) depend on maternally-provided cytoplasmic components, and it is largely unclear whether paternal components besides the centrosome play a role in the regulation of early embryogenesis. Here we report a reciprocal zebrafish-medaka hybrid system as a powerful tool to investigate paternal vs. maternal influence during early development. By combining expression of zebrafish Bouncer on the medaka egg with artificial egg activation, we demonstrate the in vitro generation of paternal zebrafish x maternal medaka (reripes) hybrids. These hybrids complement the previously established paternal medaka x maternal zebrafish (latio) hybrids (Herberg et al., 2018). As proof of concept, we investigated maternal vs. paternal control of zygotic genome activation (ZGA) timing using this reciprocal hybrid system. RNA-seq analysis of the purebred fish species and hybrids revealed that the onset of ZGA is primarily governed by the egg. Overall, our study establishes the reciprocal zebrafish-medaka hybrid system as a versatile tool to dissect parental control mechanisms during early development.

scholarly journals CLAMP and Zelda function together to promote Drosophila zygotic genome activation

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyue Duan ◽  
Leila Rieder ◽  
Megan M Colonnetta ◽  
Annie Huang ◽  
Mary Mckenney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Chromatin Accessibility ◽  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Transcription ◽  
Pioneer Factor ◽  
Pioneer Transcription Factor ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome

During the essential and conserved process of zygotic genome activation (ZGA), chromatin accessibility must increase to promote transcription. Drosophila is a well-established model for defining mechanisms that drive ZGA. Zelda (ZLD) is a key pioneer transcription factor (TF) that promotes ZGA in the Drosophila embryo. However, many genomic loci that contain GA-rich motifs become accessible during ZGA independent of ZLD. Therefore, we hypothesized that other early TFs that function with ZLD have not yet been identified, especially those that are capable of binding to GA-rich motifs such as CLAMP. Here, we demonstrate that Drosophila embryonic development requires maternal CLAMP to: 1) activate zygotic transcription; 2) increase chromatin accessibility at promoters of specific genes that often encode other essential TFs; 3) enhance chromatin accessibility and facilitate ZLD occupancy at a subset of key embryonic promoters. Thus, CLAMP functions as a pioneer factor which plays a targeted yet essential role in ZGA.

scholarly journals Zygotic Genome Activation Triggers Chromosome Damage and Checkpoint Signaling in C. elegans Primordial Germ Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melina Butuči ◽  
Ashley B. Williams ◽  
Matthew M. Wong ◽  
Brendan Kramer ◽  
W. Matthew Michael
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Chromosome Damage ◽  
Zygotic Genome Activation ◽  
Checkpoint Signaling ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Genome Activation ◽  
Zygotic Genome

Mammary-type Myofibroblastoma with Leiomyomatous Differentiation: A Rare Variant with Potential Pitfalls

2021 ◽  
pp. 106689692110313
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Strait ◽  
Julia A. Bridge ◽  
Anthony J. Iafrate ◽  
Marilyn M. Li ◽  
Feng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Transcriptome Sequencing ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
The Body ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Mature Adipose Tissue ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Whole Transcriptome Sequencing ◽  
Whole Transcriptome

Myofibroblastoma is a rare, benign stromal tumor with a diverse morphologic spectrum. Mammary-type myofibroblastoma (MTMF) is the extra-mammary counterpart of this neoplasm and its occurrence throughout the body has become increasingly recognized. Similar morphologic variations of MTMF have now been described which mirror those seen in the breast. We describe a case of intra-abdominal MTMF composed of short fascicles of eosinophilic spindle cells admixed with mature adipose tissue. The spindle cells stained diffusely positive for CD34, desmin, smooth muscle actin, and h-caldesmon by immunohistochemistry. Concurrent loss of RB1 (13q14) and 13q34 loci were confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization whereas anchored multiplex PCR and whole transcriptome sequencing did not reveal any pathognomonic fusions suggesting an alternative diagnosis. To the best of our knowledge this is the first documented case of leiomyomatous variant of MTMF.

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