scholarly journals DHA Modulates Immune Response and Mitochondrial Function of Atlantic Salmon Adipocytes after LPS Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 4101
Author(s):  
Marta Bou ◽  
Jacob Seilø Torgersen ◽  
Tone-Kari Knutsdatter Østbye ◽  
Bente Ruyter ◽  
Xinxia Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Inos Activity ◽  
Mitochondrial Structure ◽  
Thin Thread ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
And Function ◽  
Lps Treatment ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Adipocytes play a central role in overall energy homeostasis and are important contributors to the immune system. Fatty acids (FAs) act as signaling molecules capable to modulate adipocyte metabolism and functions. To identify the effects of two commonly used FAs in Atlantic salmon diets, primary adipocytes were cultured in the presence of oleic (OA) or docosahexaenoic (DHA) acid. DHA decreased adipocyte lipid droplet number and area compared to OA. The increase in lipid load in OA treated adipocytes was paralleled by an increase in iNOS activity and mitochondrial SOD2-GFP activity, which was probably directed to counteract increase in oxidative stress. Under lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, DHA had a greater anti-inflammatory effect than OA, as evidenced by the higher SOD2 activity and the transcriptional regulation of antioxidant enzymes and pro- and anti-inflammatory markers. In addition, DHA maintained a healthy mitochondrial structure under induced inflammation while OA led to elongated mitochondria with a thin thread like structures in adipocytes exposed to LPS. Overall, DHA possess anti-inflammatory properties and protects Atlantic salmon against oxidative stress and limits lipid deposition. Furthermore, DHA plays a key role in protecting mitochondria shape and function.

scholarly journals In Vivo Imaging of Leukocyte Recruitment to the Atheroprone Femoral Artery Reveals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Rosuvastatin

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizuko Osaka ◽  
Sumihiko Hagita ◽  
Masayuki Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Leukocyte Recruitment ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase Inhibitor ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Coa Reductase ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Objective. To monitor the anti-inflammatory effect of rosuvastatin in leukocyte endothelial interactions in the atheroprone femoral artery in vivo.Methods and Results. Male Apolipoprotein E null mice (ApoE−/− mice, 6 weeks old) were fed a high-fat diet (20% fat, 1.25% cholesterol) with or without the HMG CoA reductase inhibitor rosuvastatin (10 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks. Significant leukocyte adhesion was observed in the femoral artery of ApoE−/− mice, but not of wild type mice, in the absence of rosuvastatin. Interestingly, no obvious plaque formation was observed in the artery at this time point. The number of adherent leukocytes was dramatically diminished in ApoE−/− mice treated with rosuvastatin. DHE-associated oxidative stress and the expression of gp91-phox, a component of NADPH oxidase, were induced in ApoE−/− mice and were abolished by rosuvastatin treatment.Conclusion. Our data documented leukocyte recruitment prior to lipid accumulation and subsequent inhibition by rosuvastatin. The underlying mechanism seemed to involve oxidative stress and an anti-inflammatory effect on the endothelium of atheroprone vessels.

scholarly journals In Vivo Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Effect ofPistacia lentiscusFruit Oil and Its Effects on Oxidative Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameh Ben Khedir ◽  
Masarra Mzid ◽  
Sana Bardaa ◽  
Dorsaf Moalla ◽  
Zouheir Sahnoun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Natural Health Products ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Fruit Oil ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

In order to find new topical anti-inflammatory agents, we had recourse to a medicinal plant. This work was designed to determine the topical anti-inflammatory effect ofPistacia lentiscusfruit oil (PLFO), using carrageenan-induced paw edema rat model, and to evaluate its effects on oxidative stress. The topical anti-inflammatory activity of PLFO was compared to Inflocine® and estimated by measuring the diameter of paw edema, for 5 hours at a 1-hour interval. After that the rats were scarified and the inflamed paw tissue was removed for the exploration of some parameters of oxidative stress and histopathology. PLFO showed a significant anti-inflammatory activity in comparison with the Inflocine. The percentages of edema inhibition were 70% and % 51.5% (p<0.01), respectively, after five hours. The treatment with PLFO and Inflocine led to significant increases (p≤0.05) in the activities of CAT, SOD, and GPX and significant decreases in the MDA level and AOPP activity in the paw tissue after Carr injection, in comparison with the Carr group. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that PLFO might accelerate the development of new drugs which could be used scientifically as a source for natural health products in the treatment of topical inflammation.

scholarly journals Validation of a RP-HPLC-DAD Method for Chamomile (Matricaria recutita) Preparations and Assessment of the Marker, Apigenin-7-glucoside, Safety and Anti-Inflammatory Effect

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Galeti Miguel ◽  
Amanda Henriques Cavalheiro ◽  
Nathália Favaretto Spinola ◽  
Diego Luis Ribeiro ◽  
Gustavo Rafael Mazzaron Barcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Interday Precision ◽  
Lps Treatment ◽  
Chamomile Flower ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Chamomile is a medicinal plant, which presents several biological effects, especially the anti-inflammatory effect. One of the compounds related to this effect is apigenin, a flavonoid that is mostly found in its glycosylated form, apigenin-7-glucoside (APG), in natural sources. However, the affectivity and safety of this glycoside have not been well explored for topical application. In this context, the aim of this work was to develop and validate a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC-DAD) method to quantify APG in chamomile preparations. Additionally, the safety and the anti-inflammatory potential of this flavonoid were verified. The RP-HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated with linearity at 24.0–36.0 μg/mL range (r=0.9994). Intra- and interday precision (RSD) were 0.27–2.66% and accuracy was 98.27–101.21%. The validated method was applied in the analysis of chamomile flower heads, glycolic extract, and Kamillen cream, supporting the method application in the quality control of chamomile preparations. Furthermore, the APG safety was assessed by MTT cytotoxicity assay and mutagenic protocols and the anti-inflammatory activity was confirmed by a diminished TNF-αproduction showed by mice macrophages treated with APG following LPS treatment.

scholarly journals The Hydroethanolic Stem Bark Extract of Tieghemella heckelii (A.Chev.) Pierre ex Dubard (Sapotaceae) Produced N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor-Dependent Analgesia and Attenuates Acute Inflammatory Pain via Disruption of Oxidative Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Emmanuel K. Kumatia ◽  
Regina Appiah-Opong
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Analgesic Action ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Background. Tieghemella heckelii stem bark is used in African traditional medicine to treat inflammatory pain conditions. However, these biological actions of the plant have not been proven. This study investigates the phytochemical composition and the mechanisms of analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions of the hydroethanolic stem bark extract of T. heckelii (THBE). Methods. Phytochemical composition of THBE was investigated using qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the carrageenan-induced paw oedema assay. Analgesic activity was evaluated using hot plate and acetic acid-induced writhing assays. Mechanism of analgesic action was determined using pharmacological antagonist such as naloxone, atropine, flumazenil, nifedipine, or ketamine. Test agents were administered orally as follows: Tween 80 (5%) (control), diclofenac sodium (DS) 10/tramadol 9 mg/kg (standard), or THBE 10, 100, and 450 mg/kg. Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and lipid peroxidation levels were also measured. Results. THBE which contained 58.45% saponins, 229.04 ± 0.049 GAE mg/g phenolic compounds,and 0.482 ± 0.0028 QE mg/g flavonoids produced ( p  < 0.5) anti-inflammatory effect of 56.22% and analgesia of 330 ± 72% and 50.4% in the hot plate and writhing assays, respectively, at 10 mg/kg and inhibited oxidative stress by GPx and SOD elevation in rats during inflammation. Ketamine significantly blocked the analgesia of THBE, indicating NMDA receptor-dependent analgesic action. Whereas, naloxone, atropine, nifedipine, and flumazenil could not antagonize the analgesic action of THBE. Conclusion. These results show that THBE produced potent anti-inflammatory effect via disruption of oxidative stress and also generated NMDA receptor-dependent analgesia.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory effect of the monoterpene myrtenol is dependent on the direct modulation of neutrophil migration and oxidative stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno S. Gomes ◽  
Benedito P.S. Neto ◽  
Everton M. Lopes ◽  
Francisco V.M. Cunha ◽  
Alyne R. Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Direct Modulation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

scholarly journals Changes in Phospholipid/Ceramide Profiles and Eicosanoid Levels in the Plasma of Rats Irradiated with UV Rays and Treated Topically with Cannabidiol

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8700
Author(s):  
Wojciech Łuczaj ◽  
Anna Jastrząb ◽  
Maria do Rosário Domingues ◽  
Pedro Domingues ◽  
Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Phospholipid Profile ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Chronic UV radiation causes oxidative stress and inflammation of skin and blood cells. Therefore, in this study, we assessed the effects of cannabidiol (CBD), a natural phytocannabinoid with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, on the phospholipid (PL) and ceramide (CER) profiles in the plasma of nude rats irradiated with UVA/UVB and treated topically with CBD. The results obtained showed that UVA/UVB radiation increased the levels of phosphatidylcholines, lysophospholipids, and eicosanoids (PGE2, TxB2), while downregulation of sphingomyelins led to an increase in CER[NS] and CER[NDS]. Topical application of CBD to the skin of control rats significantly upregulated plasma ether-linked phosphatidylethanolamines (PEo) and ceramides. However, CBD administered to rats irradiated with UVA/UVB promoted further upregulation of CER and PEo and led to significant downregulation of lysophospholipids. This was accompanied by the anti-inflammatory effect of CBD, manifested by a reduction in the levels of proinflammatory PGE2 and TxB2 and a dramatic increase in the level of anti-inflammatory LPXA4. It can therefore be suggested that topical application of CBD to the skin of rats exposed to UVA/UVB radiation prevents changes in plasma phospholipid profile resulting in a reduction of inflammation by reducing the level of LPE and LPC species and increasing antioxidant capacity due to upregulation of PEo species.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: What Polyphenols Can Do for Us?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarique Hussain ◽  
Bie Tan ◽  
Yulong Yin ◽  
Francois Blachier ◽  
Myrlene C. B. Tossou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Molecular Signaling ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Chronic Disorders ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Oxidative stress is viewed as an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their elimination by protective mechanisms, which can lead to chronic inflammation. Oxidative stress can activate a variety of transcription factors, which lead to the differential expression of some genes involved in inflammatory pathways. The inflammation triggered by oxidative stress is the cause of many chronic diseases. Polyphenols have been proposed to be useful as adjuvant therapy for their potential anti-inflammatory effect, associated with antioxidant activity, and inhibition of enzymes involved in the production of eicosanoids. This review aims at exploring the properties of polyphenols in anti-inflammation and oxidation and the mechanisms of polyphenols inhibiting molecular signaling pathways which are activated by oxidative stress, as well as the possible roles of polyphenols in inflammation-mediated chronic disorders. Such data can be helpful for the development of future antioxidant therapeutics and new anti-inflammatory drugs.

scholarly journals Bilirubin Improves the Quality and Function of Hypothermic Preserved Islets by Its Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Effect

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 2486-2496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Yao ◽  
Xue Jiang ◽  
Zhi-Wei Huang ◽  
Qing-Hua Lan ◽  
Li-Fen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
And Function ◽  
Inflammatory Effect
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