scholarly journals Silver Nanoparticles in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos: Uptake, Growth and Molecular Responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1876
Author(s):  
Liyuan Qiang ◽  
Zeinab H. Arabeyyat ◽  
Qi Xin ◽  
Vesselin N. Paunov ◽  
Imogen J. F. Dale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Peroxisomal Membrane

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in commercial applications as antimicrobial agents, but there have recently been increasing concerns raised about their possible environmental and health impacts. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to two sizes of AgNP, 4 and 10 nm, through a continuous exposure from 4 to 96 h post-fertilisation (hpf), to study their uptake, impact and molecular defense responses. Results showed that zebrafish embryos were significantly impacted by 72 hpf when continuously exposed to 4 nm AgNPs. At concentrations above 0.963 mg/L, significant in vivo uptake and delayed yolk sac absorption was evident; at 1.925 mg/L, significantly reduced body length was recorded compared to control embryos. Additionally, 4 nm AgNP treatment at the same concentration resulted in significantly upregulated hypoxia inducible factor 4 (HIF4) and peroxisomal membrane protein 2 (Pxmp2) mRNA expression in exposed embryos 96 hpf. In contrast, no significant differences in terms of larvae body length, yolk sac absorption or gene expression levels were observed following exposure to 10 nm AgNPs. These results demonstrated that S4 AgNPs are available for uptake, inducing developmental (measured as body length and yolk sac area) and transcriptional (specifically HIF4 and Pxmp2) perturbations in developing embryos. This study suggests the importance of particle size as one possible factor in determining the developmental toxicity of AgNPs in fish embryos.

In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Activity of Silver Nanoparticles on B16 Melanoma

NANO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2050163
Author(s):  
Hongkun Gao ◽  
Ping Fan ◽  
Qizhen Xu ◽  
Yiting Li ◽  
Jianxin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
B16 Melanoma ◽  
Potential Strategy

Melanoma, one of the most malignant tumors, is difficult to treat due to its high drug resistance. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used as antimicrobial agents in biomedical fields. In this study, the spherical AgNPs with average sizes of 5[Formula: see text]nm were prepared using a dopamine reduction method. The in vitro study shows that AgNPs with the concentrations of 0.5[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/mL and 1[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/mL exhibit good biocompatibility to 3T3L1 fibroblast cells. AgNPs with the same concentrations significantly inhibited the growth of B16 melanoma cells. In culture with B16 cells, AgNPs induced intracellular oxidative stress by generating the reactive oxygen species and reducing the superoxide dismutase, which further reduces the mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, the damage in mitochondria could activate mitochondrion-mediated cell apoptosis. The B16 cells apoptosis was analyzed by FITC-Annexin V/propidium iodide double staining assay, which confirms that AgNPs caused the abundance of apoptotic cells in different stages. Thus, AgNPs displayed the antitumor activity in vitro. Then, the therapeutic efficacy in vivo was evaluated in mice-bearing B16 melanoma tumors. The obtained results show the antitumor ability of AgNPs and provide a potential strategy for cancer treatment.

scholarly journals In Vivo Imaging of Transport and Biocompatibility of Single Silver Nanoparticles in Early Development of Zebrafish Embryos

ACS Nano ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry J. Lee ◽  
Prakash D. Nallathamby ◽  
Lauren M. Browning ◽  
Christopher J. Osgood ◽  
Xiao-Hong Nancy Xu
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Early Development ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos

Abstract 448: Etv2-Mir130a-Jarid2 Cascade Regulates Vascular Patterning During Embryogenesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhairab N Singh ◽  
Naoyuki Tahara ◽  
Yasuhiko Kawakami ◽  
Naoko Koyano-Nakagawa ◽  
Wuming Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Vascular Patterning ◽  
Downstream Target

Remodeling of the pre-existing primitive vasculature is necessary for the formation of a complex branched vascular architecture. However, the factors that modulate these processes are incompletely defined. Previously, we defined the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in endothelial specification. In the present study, we further examined the Etv2-Cre mediated ablation of Dicer L/L and characterized the perturbed vascular patterning in the embryo proper and yolk-sac. We mechanistically defined an important role for miR-130a , an Etv2 downstream target, in the mediation of vascular patterning and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo . Inducible overexpression of miR-130a resulted in robust induction of vascular sprouts and angiogenesis with increased uptake of acetylated-LDL. Mechanistically, miR-130a directly regulates Jarid2 expression by binding to its 3’-UTR region. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockout of miR-130a showed increased levels of Jarid2 in the ES/EB system. Further, the levels of Jarid2 transcripts were increased in the Etv2-null embryos at E8.5. In the in vivo settings, injection of miR-130a specific morpholinos in zebrafish embryos resulted in perturbed vascular patterning with reduced levels of endothelial transcripts in the miR-130a morphants. qPCR and in situ hybridization techniques demonstrated increased expression of jarid2a in the miR-130a morphants in vivo . These findings demonstrate a critical role for Etv2-miR-130a-Jarid2 in vascular patterning both in vitro and in vivo .

scholarly journals In Vivo Quantitative Study of Sized-Dependent Transport and Toxicity of Single Silver Nanoparticles Using Zebrafish Embryos

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1029-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry J. Lee ◽  
Lauren M. Browning ◽  
Prakash D. Nallathamby ◽  
Tanvi Desai ◽  
Pavan K. Cherukuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Dependent Transport

Silver nanoparticles: in vivo toxicity in zebrafish embryos and a comparison to silver nitrate

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina A. Mosselhy ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Yaping Meng ◽  
Qingling Feng
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
In Vivo Toxicity

scholarly journals Developmental Toxicity and Biotransformation of Two Anti-Epileptics in Zebrafish Embryos and Early Larvae

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12696
Author(s):  
Chloé Bars ◽  
Jente Hoyberghs ◽  
Allan Valenzuela ◽  
Laura Buyssens ◽  
Miriam Ayuso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Zebrafish Liver

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo is gaining interest as a bridging tool between in-vitro and in-vivo developmental toxicity studies. However, cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated drug metabolism in this model is still under debate. Therefore, we investigated the potential of zebrafish embryos and larvae to bioactivate two known anti-epileptics, carbamazepine (CBZ) and phenytoin (PHE), to carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide (E-CBZ) and 5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin (HPPH), respectively. First, zebrafish were exposed to CBZ, PHE, E-CBZ and HPPH from 5¼- to 120-h post fertilization (hpf) and morphologically evaluated. Second, the formations of E-CBZ and HPPH were assessed in culture medium and in whole-embryo extracts at different time points by targeted LC-MS. Finally, E-CBZ and HPPH formation was also assessed in adult zebrafish liver microsomes and compared with those of human, rat, and rabbit. The present study showed teratogenic effects for CBZ and PHE, but not for E-CBZ and HPPH. No HPPH was detected during organogenesis and E-CBZ was only formed at the end of organogenesis. E-CBZ and HPPH formation was also very low-to-negligible in adult zebrafish compared with the mammalian species. As such, other metabolic pathways than those of mammals are involved in the bioactivation of CBZ and PHE, or, these anti-epileptics are teratogens and do not require bioactivation in the zebrafish.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Noxious Effect of Environmental Contaminants Using Zebrafish Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Zebrafish Model

Effects of the inorganic chemicals Calcium Fluoride (CaF2) and Hexaflurosilicilic acid (H2SiF2) have been studied due to its excessive usage in drinking water plants, glass manufacturing etc. Toxicity studies on Zebrafish embryos have been carried out for CaF2 and H2SiF2 during the embryonic developmental stages to observe the changes taken place during the growth, development. These changes can be observed in cell differentiation, larval movements, delay in hatching, and by the changes in behavior. Due to the ease with the transparency of zebrafish embryos, it can be observed and manipulated. In the field of early developmental studies, these zebrafish embryos have been vital because they have faster development by which the whole organs get developed in 3 days. Thus it plays a significant role in the discovery and analysis of changes in the developmental aspects of their teratology study. Toxicity study in Adults Zebrafish can be studied through the histology analysis where the cell damage and cell death due to fluorides and acid ions which may also lead to morphological changes due to this environmental pollutant. This toxicity study can be studied based on behavioral effects, LC50 determination, and immunohistochemistry of the brain to observe the developmental neurotoxicity. This study describes the effect of the inorganic chemicals is leading to developmental toxicity, cell deformities, and cell death with the high mortality rate in the In vivo Zebrafish model.

scholarly journals The Reproductive Toxicity Associated with Dodonaea viscosa, a Folk Medicinal Plant in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farooq Khan ◽  
Ali S. Alqahtani ◽  
Omer M. Almarfadi ◽  
Riaz Ullah ◽  
Fahd A. Nasr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Dodonaea Viscosa ◽  
Experimental Animals

Dodonaea viscosa is a medicinal plant which is being used to treat various diseases in humans. The available safety data suggest that the plant does not produce any side effects, or toxicity, in tested adult experimental animals. However, the influence of D. viscosa on fetus or embryonic development is largely not known. This study was conducted in order to find out the reproductive toxicity of D. viscosa in experimental animals. Zebrafish embryos were used as the in vivo developmental toxicity animal model. Methanolic crude extract, hexane, chloroform, and butanol fractions were prepared from the leaves of D. viscosa. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to serial dilution of crude extract and other fractions. The crude extract and hexane fraction induced higher level of toxicity in zebrafish embryos as compared to chloroform and butanol fractions. The phenol and flavonoid estimation revealed that crude leaves extract and hexane fractions had lower content of phenol and flavonoid. Two major compounds, phytol and methyl ester, of hexadecanoic acid were identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) analysis. More detailed studies are needed to check the toxicity of D. viscosa in pregnant experimental animals; however, the results from this study have shown that D. viscosa possesses reproductive toxicity and its use and doses must be carefully monitored in pregnant patients.

Efficacy of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Hymenocallis species (Spider Lilly) Leaf Extract as Antimicrobial Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 4644-4647
Author(s):  
K.K. Gupta ◽  
Neha Kumari ◽  
Neha Sinha ◽  
Akruti Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Biogenic Synthesis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Antibiotic Property

Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Hymenocallis species (Spider Lilly) leaf extract was subjected for investigation of its antimicrobial property against four bacterial species (E. coli, Salmonella sp., Streptococcus sp. & Staphylococcus sp.). The results revealed that synthesized nanoparticles solution very much justify the color change property from initial light yellow to final reddish brown during the synthesis producing a characteristics absorption peak in the range of 434-466 nm. As antimicrobial agents, their efficacy was evaluated by analysis of variance in between the species and among the different concentration of AgNPs solution, which clearly showed that there was significant variation in the antibiotic property between the four different concentrations of AgNPs solution and also among four different species of bacteria taken under studies. However, silver nanoparticles solution of 1: 9 and 1:4 were proved comparatively more efficient as antimicrobial agents against four species of bacteria.

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