scholarly journals Gibberellin Signaling Repressor LlDELLA1 Controls the Flower and Pod Development of Yellow Lupine (Lupinus luteus L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1815
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Marciniak ◽  
Krzysztof Przedniczek
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Della Proteins ◽  
Fruit Setting ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
Yellow Lupine ◽  
Insight Into

Precise control of generative organ development is of great importance for the productivity of crop plants, including legumes. Gibberellins (GAs) play a key role in the regulation of flowering, and fruit setting and development. The major repressors of GA signaling are DELLA proteins. In this paper, the full-length cDNA of LlDELLA1 gene in yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) was identified. Nuclear-located LlDELLA1 was clustered in a second phylogenetic group. Further analyses revealed the presence of all conserved motifs and domains required for the GA-dependent interaction with Gibberellin Insensitive Dwarf1 (GID1) receptor, and involved in the repression function of LlDELLA1. Studies on expression profiles have shown that fluctuating LlDELLA1 transcript level favors proper flower and pod development. Accumulation of LlDELLA1 mRNA slightly decreases from the flower bud stage to anther opening (dehiscence), while there is rapid increase during pollination, fertilization, as well as pod setting and early development. LlDELLA1 expression is downregulated during late pod development. The linkage of LlDELLA1 activity with cellular and tissue localization of gibberellic acid (GA3) offers a broader insight into the functioning of the GA pathway, dependent on the organ and developmental stage. Our analyses provide information that may be valuable in improving the agronomic properties of yellow lupine.

Fluorescent protein expression in temperature tolerant and susceptible reef-building corals

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Exequiel Gabriel S. Dizon ◽  
Jeric P. Da-Anoy ◽  
Melissa S. Roth ◽  
Cecilia Conaco
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Variable Expression ◽  
Acropora Digitifera ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Fluorescent proteins (FPs) are reported to play an important role as photoprotectants and antioxidants in corals subjected to stressful conditions. Identifying the various FP genes expressed and FP gene expression patterns under stress in diverse coral species can provide insight into FP function. In this study, we identified 16 putative FP homologues from the transcriptomes of corals with varying susceptibility to elevated temperature, including Acropora digitifera, Favites colemani, Montipora digitata and Seriatopora caliendrum. Each coral expressed a different complement of FP transcripts, which were predicted to have distinct spectral properties. The most diverse and abundant repertoire of FP transcripts, including at least 6 green FPs, were expressed in the temperature-tolerant coral, F. colemani. In comparison, the other corals expressed fewer FP types. Specific FP transcripts exhibited variable expression profiles in coral fragments subjected to 32 ± 1 °C (treatment) or 28 ± 1 °C (control) for up to 72 h, suggesting that distinct FPs may have different roles. Further studies on the expression of the proteins encoded by these FP transcripts, their fluorescence activity, tissue localization, and possible antioxidant properties, are needed to reveal their contribution to thermal stress tolerance in certain species of corals.

scholarly journals Indirect bandgap, optoelectronic properties, and photoelectrochemical characteristics of high-purity Ta3N5 photoelectrodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (36) ◽  
pp. 20653-20663
Author(s):  
Johanna Eichhorn ◽  
Simon P. Lechner ◽  
Chang-Ming Jiang ◽  
Giulia Folchi Heunecke ◽  
Frans Munnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Electronic Properties ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Optoelectronic Properties ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Insight Into

The (opto)electronic properties of Ta3N5 photoelectrodes are often dominated by defects, but precise control of these defects provides new insight into the electronic structure, photocarrier transport, and photoelectrochemical function.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis of the NAC Transcription Factor Gene Family Reveals Differential Expression Patterns and Cold-Stress Responses in the Woody Plant Prunus mume

Genes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaokang Zhuo ◽  
Tangchun Zheng ◽  
Zhiyong Zhang ◽  
Yichi Zhang ◽  
Liangbao Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Freezing Stress ◽  
Prunus Mume ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Freezing Resistance

NAC transcription factors (TFs) participate in multiple biological processes, including biotic and abiotic stress responses, signal transduction and development. Cold stress can adversely impact plant growth and development, thereby limiting agricultural productivity. Prunus mume, an excellent horticultural crop, is widely cultivated in Asian countries. Its flower can tolerate freezing-stress in the early spring. To investigate the putative NAC genes responsible for cold-stress, we identified and analyzed 113 high-confidence PmNAC genes and characterized them by bioinformatics tools and expression profiles. These PmNACs were clustered into 14 sub-families and distributed on eight chromosomes and scaffolds, with the highest number located on chromosome 3. Duplicated events resulted in a large gene family; 15 and 8 pairs of PmNACs were the result of tandem and segmental duplicates, respectively. Moreover, three membrane-bound proteins (PmNAC59/66/73) and three miRNA-targeted genes (PmNAC40/41/83) were identified. Most PmNAC genes presented tissue-specific and time-specific expression patterns. Sixteen PmNACs (PmNAC11/19/20/23/41/48/58/74/75/76/78/79/85/86/103/111) exhibited down-regulation during flower bud opening and are, therefore, putative candidates for dormancy and cold-tolerance. Seventeen genes (PmNAC11/12/17/21/29/42/30/48/59/66/73/75/85/86/93/99/111) were highly expressed in stem during winter and are putative candidates for freezing resistance. The cold-stress response pattern of 15 putative PmNACs was observed under 4 °C at different treatment times. The expression of 10 genes (PmNAC11/20/23/40/42/48/57/60/66/86) was upregulated, while 5 genes (PmNAC59/61/82/85/107) were significantly inhibited. The putative candidates, thus identified, have the potential for breeding the cold-tolerant horticultural plants. This study increases our understanding of functions of the NAC gene family in cold tolerance, thereby potentially intensifying the molecular breeding programs of woody plants.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Profiling of Cu Stressed Petunia Petals Reveals Candidate Genes Involved in Fe and Cu Crosstalk

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11604
Author(s):  
Jinglei Wu ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Henk Schat ◽  
Yanbang Li
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Electron Carriers ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content

Copper (Cu) is an essential element for most living plants, but it is toxic for plants when present in excess. To better understand the response mechanism under excess Cu in plants, especially in flowers, transcriptome sequencing on petunia buds and opened flowers under excess Cu was performed. Interestingly, the transcript level of FIT-independent Fe deficiency response genes was significantly affected in Cu stressed petals, probably regulated by basic-helix-loop-helix 121 (bHLH121), while no difference was found in Fe content. Notably, the expression level of bHLH121 was significantly down-regulated in petals under excess Cu. In addition, the expression level of genes related to photosystem II (PSII), photosystem I (PSI), cytochrome b6/f complex, the light-harvesting chlorophyll II complex and electron carriers showed disordered expression profiles in petals under excess Cu, thus photosynthesis parameters, including the maximum PSII efficiency (FV/FM), nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ), quantum yield of the PSII (ΦPS(II)) and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), were reduced in Cu stressed petals. Moreover, the chlorophyll a content was significantly reduced, while the chlorophyll b content was not affected, probably caused by the increased expression of chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CAO). Together, we provide new insight into excess Cu response and the Cu–Fe crosstalk in flowers.

scholarly journals Unique MicroRNA and mRNA Interactions in EGFR-Mutated Lung Adenocarcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Subat ◽  
Kentaro Inamura ◽  
Hironori Ninomiya ◽  
Hiroko Nagano ◽  
Sakae Okumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Regulatory Network ◽  
Egfr Mutation ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Integrative Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mutation Status ◽  
Egfr Mutated ◽  
Insight Into

The EGFR gene was one of the first molecules to be selected for targeted gene therapy. EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma, which is responsive to EGFR inhibitors, is characterized by a distinct oncogenic pathway in which unique microRNA (miRNA)–mRNA interactions have been observed. However, little information is available about the miRNA–mRNA regulatory network involved. Both miRNA and mRNA expression profiles were investigated using microarrays in 155 surgically resected specimens of lung adenocarcinoma with a known EGFR mutation status (52 mutated and 103 wild-type cases). An integrative analysis of the data was performed to identify the unique miRNA–mRNA regulatory network in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma. Expression profiling of miRNAs and mRNAs yielded characteristic miRNA/mRNA signatures (19 miRNAs/431 mRNAs) in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma. Five of the 19 miRNAs were previously listed as EGFR-mutation-specific miRNAs (i.e., miR-532-3p, miR-500a-3p, miR-224-5p, miR-502-3p, and miR-532-5p). An integrative analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression revealed a refined list of putative miRNA–mRNA interactions, of which 63 were potentially involved in EGFR-mutated tumors. Network structural analysis provided a comprehensive view of the complex miRNA–mRNA interactions in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma, including DUSP4 and MUC4 axes. Overall, this observational study provides insight into the unique miRNA–mRNA regulatory network present in EGFR-mutated tumors. Our findings, if validated, would inform future research examining the interplay of miRNAs and mRNAs in EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma.

Classical Cancer Biology: Misconceptions and Limitations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abicumaran Uthamacumaran
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Transformed Cells ◽  
Epigenetic Landscape ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Stem Cell Division ◽  
Insight Into

Cancer is the co-evolution of cancer cells and their turbulent microenvironment, characterized by dynamical hyper-chaotic gene expression profiles. However, cancers should not be viewed as the result of random mutations and malfunctioning information processing systems. Rather, it is the selective advantages conferred by adaptive evolution of cellular biosystems. Although on a systemic scale, cancer is defined as a disease, on a cellular basis they outperform healthy (non-transformed cells) in terms of survival and reproductive success. Their enhanced longevity pathways, metastatic invasion, extended telomeres, dynamical morphogenesis, regenerative stem cell division and environment-specific metabolic cascades indicate they are adaptive evolutionary cell states that have surpassed the boundaries normal cells are confined to. Therefore, the paper presents a brief summary of currently existing classical cancer models in the field of mathematical biology and the misconceptions of cancer epimetabolomes to further advance cancer research beyond its current limits. Through an insight into the mathematical behaviors of cancer cells, a quantum adaptive epigenetic landscape is proposed to explain the selective evolutionary dominance of cancer cells.

Evaluation of Nonlinear Dynamics Using Optimal Motion Planning

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 995-998
Author(s):  
Przemysław Herman
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Dynamics ◽  
Motion Planning ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Optimal Motion ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Optimal Motion Planning ◽  
Insight Into

The precise control of a manipulator depends on its velocity as well as on its configuration and dynamic properties. This paper presents some observations that can serve as a useful tool for identifying nonlinear ear effects in a manipulator. The tool is based on equations of motion being expressed in terms of inertial quasi-velocities (IQVs). They are rates containing both kinematic and mechanical parameters of the system. The presented approach gives a further insight into the manipulator motion. An analytical example shows the proposed strategy.

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