scholarly journals Riboflavin Plays a Pivotal Role in the UVA-Induced Cytotoxicity of Fibroblasts as a Key Molecule in the Production of H2O2 by UVA Radiation in Collaboration with Amino Acids and Vitamins

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Yoshimoto ◽  
Nana Kohara ◽  
Natsu Sato ◽  
Hideya Ando ◽  
Masamitsu Ichihashi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Ultraviolet A ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Uva Irradiation ◽  
Uva Radiation

To investigate environmental factors that contribute to ultraviolet A (UVA)-induced oxidative stress, which accelerates the senescence and toxicity of skin cells, we irradiated human fibroblasts cultured in commonly used essential media with UVA and evaluated their viability and production of reactive oxygen species. The viability of fibroblasts exposed to a single dose of 3.6 J/cm2 UVA was not reduced when cultured in Hanks balanced salt solution, but it was significantly decreased when cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), which contains various amino acids and vitamins. Furthermore, cell viability was not reduced when fibroblasts were cultured in DMEM and treated with a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenger such as glutathione or catalase added after UVA irradiation. In addition, we confirmed that the production of H2O2 was dramatically increased by UVA photosensitization when riboflavin (R) coexisted with amino acids such as tryptophan (T), and found that R with folic acid (F) produced high levels of H2O2 after UVA irradiation. Furthermore, we noticed that R and F or R and T have different photosensitization mechanisms since NaN3, which is a singlet oxygen quencher, suppressed only R and T photosensitization. Lastly, we examined the effects of antioxidants (L-ascorbic acid, trolox, L-cysteine, and L-histidine), which are singlet oxygen or superoxide or H2O2 scavengers, on R and F or on R and T photosensitization, and found that 1 mM ascorbic acid, Trolox, and L-histidine were strongly photosensitized with R, and produced significant levels of H2O2 during UVA exposure. However, 1 mM L-cysteine dramatically suppressed H2O2 production by UVA photosensitization. These data suggest that a low concentration of R-derived photosensitization is elicited by different mechanisms depending on the coexisting vitamins and amino acids, and regulates cellular oxidative stress by producing H2O2 during UVA exposure.

scholarly journals The Effect of Longwave Ultraviolet Light Radiation on Dendrolimus tabulaeformis Antioxidant and Detoxifying Enzymes

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenlong Wang ◽  
Chenglong Gao ◽  
Lili Ren ◽  
Youqing Luo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Detoxifying Enzymes ◽  
Rapid Variation ◽  
Uva Irradiation ◽  
Uva Light ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Uva Radiation

Longwave ultraviolet (UVA) light, in the range of 315–400 nm, has been widely used as a light source in the light trapping of insect pests. Previous studies have demonstrated the oxidative stress and lethal effect of UV radiation on insects. In this study, we evaluated the influence of UVA radiation on the antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes of Dendrolimus tabulaeformis. We tested the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydroxyl radical (·OH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), reduced glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSH) following different exposure time periods of UVA light irradiation on D. tabulaeformis adults. In addition, we investigated how the activities of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes responded to UVA radiation by determining the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CarE), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and acid phosphatase (ACP). Adults were exposed to UVA light for different time periods (0, 5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min). We found that exposure to UVA light for 5 min resulted in rapid variation in the activities of the antioxidant and detoxification enzyme systems. However, the antioxidant capacity of females was incongruous with that of males following UVA irradiation. Our results confirmed that UVA light irradiation increased the level of oxidative stress and disturbed physiological detoxification in D. tabulaeformis adults. Based on the above results, we anticipated that further research of the mechanism of UVA irradiation on the antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes of D. tabulaeformis would gain more importance, allowing to develop and use new, less toxic and environmentally friendly pesticides.

The Effects of Baicalin Against UVA-Induced Photoaging in Skin Fibroblasts

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (03) ◽  
pp. 709-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Min ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Qihong Qian ◽  
Bingjiang Lin ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Skin Fibroblasts ◽  
Human Skin Fibroblasts ◽  
Uva Irradiation ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Uva Radiation

Ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation contributes to skin photoaging. Baicalin, a plant-derived flavonoid, effectively absorbs UV rays and has been shown to have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may delay the photoaging process. In the current study, cultured human skin fibroblasts were incubated with 50 μg/ml baicalin 24 hours prior to 10 J/cm2UVA irradiation. In order to examine the efficacy of baicalin treatment in delaying UVA-induced photoaging, we investigated aging-related markers, cell cycle changes, anti-oxidant activity, telomere length, and DNA damage markers. UVA radiation caused an increased proportion of β-Gal positive cells and reduced telomere length in human skin fibroblasts. In addition, UVA radiation inhibited TGF-β1 secretion, induced G1 phase arrest, reduced SOD and GSH-Px levels, increased MDA levels, enhanced the expression of MMP-1, TIMP-1, p66, p53, and p16 mRNA, reduced c-myc mRNA expression, elevated p53 and p16 protein expression, and reduced c-myc protein expression. Baicalin treatment effectively protected human fibroblasts from these UVA radiation-induced aging responses, suggesting that the underlying mechanism involves the inhibition of oxidative damage and regulation of the expression of senescence-related genes, including those encoding for p53, p66Shcand p16.

scholarly journals Phototoxicity of Kava — Formation of Reactive Oxygen Species Leading to Lipid Peroxidation and DNA Damage

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (06) ◽  
pp. 1271-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingsu Xia ◽  
Hsiu-Mei Chiang ◽  
Yu-Ting Zhou ◽  
Jun-Jie Yin ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Uva Irradiation ◽  
Skin Keratinocytes ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Dna Strand

Kava is one of the most widely sold herbal dietary supplements in the United States. It has been reported that, besides exhibiting hepatotoxicity, kava also possesses photosensitivity and induces dermopathy in humans. In this study, we determined that UVA irradiation of kava in the presence of a lipid, methyl linoleate, generated lipid peroxidation which was mediated by singlet oxygen generated during photoirradiation. The six major kavalactones(yangonin, 7,8-dihydrokawa in, kawain, 7,8-dihydromethysticin, methysticin, and 5,6-dehydrokawain) were also studied in parallel; only 5,6-dehydrokawain and yangonin-induced a low level of lipid peroxidation. UVA irradiation of kava in human HaCaT skin keratinocytes induced cytotoxicity which was mediated by oxidative stress, led to DNA strand cleavage, and produced 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) adduct. Study by the electron spin resonance (ESR) method revealed that UVA irradiation of kava produced singlet oxygen and carbon-centered radicals. The overall results suggest that kava is photocytotoxic and photogenotoxic, both mediated by free radicals generated during photoirradiation.

Senescence-induced increases in intracellular oxidative stress and enhancement of the need for ascorbic acid in human fibroblasts

2013 ◽  
Vol 380 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 129-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasukazu Saitoh ◽  
Aiko Morishita ◽  
Satomi Mito ◽  
Tsubasa Tsujiya ◽  
Nobuhiko Miwa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Intracellular Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Natural Exogenous Antioxidant Defense against Changes in Human Skin Fibroblast Proteome Disturbed by UVA Radiation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Gęgotek ◽  
Pedro Domingues ◽  
Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Dimensional System ◽  
Human Skin Fibroblast ◽  
Cytoprotective Effect ◽  
Uva Radiation

Daily exposure of the skin to UVA radiation causes oxidative modifications to cellular components and biomolecules. These include proteins involved in the metabolism and cytoprotection of fibroblasts, and their modification can contribute to the disruption of cell function and the development of skin disorders. Therefore, there remains a need for highly active cytoprotective compounds with antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ascorbic acid on the activity of rutin against UVA-induced changes in the proteome of human fibroblasts. All analyses were carried out on fibroblasts cultured in a three-dimensional system exposed to UVA radiation and incubated with rutin and ascorbic acid. Their proteomic profile was analyzed using nano-HPLC, which revealed 150 proteins whose expression was significantly altered between treatment conditions. UVA radiation led to changes in the expression of 82 proteins. However, some of these changes were mitigated by rutin and ascorbic acid separately (23 and 25 proteins, respectively) and rutin and ascorbic acid together (23 proteins). UVA radiation has led to the upregulation of proteins involved in gene expression, catalytic processes and antioxidant pathways, and downregulation of proteins with binding activity. Nevertheless, rutin and ascorbic acid used separately or together have countered these changes to varying degrees. Moreover, rutin and ascorbic acid stimulated fibroblasts irradiated by UVA to increase the expression of the signalling molecules responsible for the opening of the transmembrane channels. In the context of the results obtained, the observed cytoprotective effect of the cooperation of rutin and ascorbic acid results not only from the overlapping properties of the compounds. The effect of rutin alone is probably inhibited by its limited bioavailability. Therefore, its interaction with ascorbic acid increases membrane penetration and improves the cytoprotective effect on skin fibroblasts.

scholarly journals Evidence that Singlet Oxygen-induced Human T Helper Cell Apoptosis Is the Basic Mechanism of Ultraviolet-A Radiation Phototherapy

1997 ◽  
Vol 186 (10) ◽  
pp. 1763-1768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akimichi Morita ◽  
Thomas Werfel ◽  
Helger Stege ◽  
Constanze Ahrens ◽  
Karin Karmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Cell Apoptosis ◽  
T Helper Cell ◽  
Ultraviolet A ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Oxygen Generation ◽  
Singlet Oxygen Generation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Uva Radiation

Ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation is effectively used to treat patients with atopic dermatitis and other T cell mediated, inflammatory skin diseases. In the present study, successful phototherapy of atopic dermatitis was found to result from UVA radiation-induced apoptosis in skin-infiltrating T helper cells, leading to T cell depletion from eczematous skin. In vitro, UVA radiation-induced human T helper cell apoptosis was mediated through the FAS/FAS-ligand system, which was activated in irradiated T cells as a consequence of singlet oxygen generation. These studies demonstrate that singlet oxygen is a potent trigger for the induction of human T cell apoptosis. They also identify singlet oxygen generation as a fundamental mechanism of action operative in phototherapy.

scholarly journals Long-Term Ultraviolet A Eye Irradiation Causes Retina Denaturation in Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Keiichi Hiramoto ◽  
Yurika Yamate ◽  
Eisuke F. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Ultraviolet A ◽  
Uva Irradiation ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Uva Radiation ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Background: Long-term ultraviolet (UV) A eye irradiation in mice initiates the induction of photoaging. However, the changes in the eye due to long-term exposure to UVA radiation are still unclear. Methods: Male C57BL/6j (control) and inducible nitric oxide synthase knockout (iNOS-/-) mice were used in this study. The eyes of the mice were locally exposed to UVA radiation for 12 months. Results: The expression of iNOS, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, vascular endothelial growth factor, β-amyloid, and macrophages in the retina all increased after UVA irradiation. Furthermore, in the iNOS-/- mice, no retinal changes were induced by UVA eye irradiation. Conclusions: These results indicated that long-term UVA eye irradiation led to iNOS-induced denaturation of the retina; however, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

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