scholarly journals Protective Effects of Novel Antioxidant Peptide Purified from Alcalase Hydrolysate of Velvet Antler Against Oxidative Stress in Chang Liver Cells in Vitro and in a Zebrafish Model In Vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ding ◽  
Ko ◽  
Moon ◽  
Lee
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Peroxyl Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Velvet Antler ◽  
Chang Liver

Velvet antler has a long history in traditional medicine. It is also an important healthy ingredient in food as it is rich in protein. However, there has been no report about antioxidant peptides extracted from velvet antler by enzymatic hydrolysis. Thus, the objective of this study was to hydrolyze velvet antler using different commercial proteases (Acalase, Neutrase, trypsin, pepsin, and α-chymotrypsin). Antioxidant activities of different hydrolysates were investigated using peroxyl radical scavenging assay by electron spin resonance spectrometry. Among all enzymatic hydrolysates, Alcalase hydrolysate exhibited the highest peroxyl radical scavenging activity. Alcalase hydrolysate was then purified using ultrafiltration, gel filtration, and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. The purified peptide was identified to be Trp-Asp-Val-Lys (tetrapeptide) with molecular weight of 547.29 Da by Q-TOF ESI mass spectroscopy. This purified peptide exhibited strong scavenging activity against peroxyl radical (IC50 value, 0.028 mg/mL). In addition, this tetrapeptide showed significant protection ability against AAPH-induced oxidative stress by inhibiting of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in Chang liver cells in vitro and in a zebrafish model in vivo. This research suggests that the tetrapeptide derived from Alcalase-proteolytic hydrolysate of velvet antler are excellent antioxidants and could be effectively applied as functional food ingredients and pharmaceuticals.

scholarly journals A novel mitochondrial enriched antioxidant protects neurons against acute oxidative stress

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola J. Drummond ◽  
Nick O. Davies ◽  
Janet E. Lovett ◽  
Mark R. Miller ◽  
Graeme Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Free System ◽  
Age Related

AbstractExcessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can damage proteins, lipids, and DNA, which result in cell damage and death. The outcomes can be acute, as seen in stroke, or more chronic as observed in age-related diseases such as Parkinson’s disease. Here we investigate the antioxidant ability of a novel synthetic flavonoid, Proxison (7-decyl-3-hydroxy-2-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)-4-chromenone), using a range of in vitro and in vivo approaches. We show that, while it has radical scavenging ability on par with other flavonoids in a cell-free system, Proxison is orders of magnitude more potent than natural flavonoids at protecting neural cells against oxidative stress and is capable of rescuing damaged cells. The unique combination of a lipophilic hydrocarbon tail with a modified polyphenolic head group promotes efficient cellular uptake and mitochondrial localisation of Proxison. Importantly, in vivo administration of Proxison demonstrated effective and well tolerated neuroprotection against oxidative stress in a zebrafish model of dopaminergic neuronal loss.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Properties of Taraxacum officinale in Nω-Nitro-l-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME)-Induced Hypertensive Rats

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Olukayode O. Aremu ◽  
Adebola O. Oyedeji ◽  
Opeoluwa O. Oyedeji ◽  
Benedicta N. Nkeh-Chungag ◽  
Constance R. Sewani Rusike
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Oxidative stress has gained attention as one of the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the development of hypertension. The present study investigated in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effects of 70% ethanol-water (v/v) leaf and root extracts of T. officinale (TOL and TOR, respectively). Total phenolic and flavonoid content of plant extracts were assessed using Folin Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods; while, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrlhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) protocols were used to determine the free radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacities (TAC), respectively. The in vivo total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde acid (MDA) levels for lipid peroxidation tests were performed on organ homogenate samples from Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats treated with leaf extract, TOL (500 mg/kg/day) and TOR (500 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. Results showed that compared to TOR, TOL possessed significantly higher (p < 0.01) polyphenol (4.35 ± 0.15 compared to 1.14 ± 0.01) and flavonoid (23.17 ± 0.14 compared to 3 ± 0.05) content; free radical scavenging activity (EC50 0.37 compared to 1.34 mg/mL) and total antioxidant capacities (82.56% compared to 61.54% ABTS, and 156 ± 5.28 compared to 40 ± 0.31 FRAP) and both extracts showed no toxicity (LD50 > 5000 mg/kg). TOL and TOR significantly (p < 0.01) elevated TAC and reduced MDA levels in targets organs. In conclusion, T. officinale leaf extract possesses significant anti-oxidant effects which conferred significant in vivo antioxidant protection against free radical-mediated oxidative stress in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats.

Anti-hemolytic and Peroxyl Radical Scavenging Activity of Organoselenium Compounds: An In Vitro Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Santhosh Kumar ◽  
Amit Kunwar ◽  
Beena G. Singh ◽  
Adeel Ahmad ◽  
K. Indira Priyadarsini
Keyword(s):  
Peroxyl Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Organoselenium Compounds

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activity of the New Magnetic-Cerium Oxide Nanoconjugates

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turin-Moleavin ◽  
Fifere ◽  
Lungoci ◽  
Rosca ◽  
Coroaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles

Background. Cerium oxide nanoparticles present the mimetic activity of superoxide dismutase, being able to inactivate the excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) correlated with a large number of pathologies, such as stents restenosis and the occurrence of genetic mutations that can cause cancer. This study presents the synthesis and biological characterisation of nanoconjugates based on nanoparticles of iron oxide interconnected with cerium oxide conjugates. Methods. The synthesis of magnetite-nanoceria nanoconjugates has been done in several stages, where the key to the process is the coating of nanoparticles with polyethyleneimine and its chemical activation-reticulation with glutaraldehyde. The nanoconjugates are characterised by several techniques, and the antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Results. Iron oxide nanoparticles interconnected with cerium oxide nanoparticles were obtained, having an average diameter of 8 nm. Nanoconjugates prove to possess superparamagnetic properties and the saturation magnetisation varies with the addition of diamagnetic components in the system, remaining within the limits of biomedical applications. In vitro free-radical scavenging properties of nanoceria are improved after the coating of nanoparticles with polyethylenimine and conjugation with magnetite nanoparticles. In vivo studies reveal increased antioxidant activity in all organs and fluids collected from mice, which demonstrates the ability of the nanoconjugates to reduce oxidative stress. Conclusion. Nanoconjugates possess magnetic properties, being able to scavenge free radicals, reducing the oxidative stress. The combination of the two properties mentioned above makes them excellent candidates for theranostic applications.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activity of Agave sisalana Agro-Industrial Residue

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Maria Andrade Gomes Barreto ◽  
Cesar Orlando Muñoz Cadavid ◽  
Rafael Amir de Oliveira Moura ◽  
Giovanna Melo Martins Silva ◽  
Samara Vitória Ferreira de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
New Production ◽  
Industrial Residue ◽  
Agave Sisalana

Agave sisalana agro-industrial residue has considerable potential against damage associated with oxidative stress and skin aging. This study aims to demonstrate, in vitro and in vivo, the potential of Agave sisalana agro-industrial residue as a safe and effective alternative for the prevention of damage caused by oxidative stress and aging. The antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro (total antioxidant capacity, reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging, metal chelating (Fe2+ and Cu2+), and hydroxyl radical scavenging) and in vivo using the Caenorhabditis elegans organism model. The extract showed in vitro antioxidant activity in all tests performed. Tests with C. elegans showed that the extract was able to reduce the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase the survival rate of worms. A downregulation of gst-4::GFP expression suggests a direct action against free radicals. Agave sisalana agro-industrial residue extract (AsRE) can therefore be considered as a source of antioxidant biomolecules, and the use of this agro-industrial residue in a new production process can lead to sustainability and socioeconomic development.

scholarly journals Baru Pulp (Dipteryx alata Vogel): Fruit from the Brazilian Savanna Protects against Oxidative Stress and Increases the Life Expectancy of Caenorhabditis elegans via SOD-3 and DAF-16

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1106
Author(s):  
Natasha Rios Leite ◽  
Laura Costa Alves de Araújo ◽  
Paola dos Santos da Rocha ◽  
Danielle Araujo Agarrayua ◽  
Daiana Silva Ávila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Brazilian Savanna ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Dipteryx Alata

Fruits are sources of bioactive compounds that are responsible for several biological activities. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the chemical composition of the pulp of the Brazilian Savanna fruit Dipteryx alata; evaluate its toxic effects, influence on the life expectancy of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, and its antioxidant activities in vitro and in vivo; and describe the mechanisms involved. The chemical compounds identified include phenols, terpenes, fatty acid derivatives, vitamins, and a carboxylic acid. The in vitro antioxidant activity was demonstrated by radical scavenging methods. in vivo, the D. alata fruit pulp was not toxic and promoted resistance to oxidative stress in nematodes exposed to a chemical oxidizing agent. Furthermore, it promoted an increased life expectancy in wild-type nematodes and increased the expression of superoxide dismutase and the nuclear translocation of DAF-16. These results suggest that the beneficial effects identified are related to these two genes, which are involved in the regulation of metabolic activities, the control of oxidative stress, and the lifespan of C. elegans. These beneficial effects, which may be related to its chemical constituents, demonstrate its potential use as a functional and/or nutraceutical food.

scholarly journals Root extracts of Anacardium occidentale reduce hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
TM Archana ◽  
K Soumya ◽  
Jesna James ◽  
Sudheesh Sudhakaran
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Root Extracts

Abstract Background Hyperglycemia is the hallmark of diabetes, and the associated oxidative stress is a major concern that invites an array of diabetic complications. The traditional practices of medicare are of great, current interest due to the high cost and side effects of conventional diabetic medications. The present in vitro study focuses on evaluating the potential of various A. occidentale root extracts for their antihyperglycemic and antioxidant potentials. Materials and methods The four different solvent extracts petroleum ether (PEAO), chloroform (CHAO), ethyl acetate (EAAO), and 80 % methanol (80 % MAO) of A. occidentale roots were evaluated for their total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant capacity. Using MIN6 pancreatic β-cells, the cytotoxicity of the extracts was evaluated by MTT assay and the antidiabetic potential by quantifying the insulin levels by ELISA at a higher concentration of glucose. The effect of 80 % MAO on INS gene expression was determined by qRT PCR analysis. Results Among the four different solvent extracts of A. occidentale roots, 80 % MAO showed the highest concentration of phenolics (437.33 ± 0.03 µg GAE/mg), CHAO to be a rich source of flavonoids (46.04 ± 0.1 µg QE/mg) and with the highest total antioxidant capacity (1865.33 ± 0.09 µg AAE/ mg). Evaluation of the free radical scavenging and reducing properties of the extracts indicated 80 % MAO to exhibit the highest activity. The MTT assay revealed the least cytotoxicity of all four extracts. 80 % MAO enhanced INS up-regulation as well as insulin secretion even under high glucose concentration (27mM). Conclusions The present study demonstrated that the A. occidentale root extracts have effective antihyperglycemic and antioxidative properties, together with the potential of normalizing the insulin secretory system of β-cells. Above mentioned properties have to be studied further by identifying the active principles of A. occidentale root extracts and in vivo effects. The prospect of the present study is identifying drug leads for better management of diabetes from the A. occidentale root extracts. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals In Vivo Processing of Ceria Nanoparticles inside Liver: Impact on Free-Radical Scavenging Activity and Oxidative Stress

ChemPlusChem ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 1083-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uschi M. Graham ◽  
Michael T. Tseng ◽  
Jacek B. Jasinski ◽  
Robert A. Yokel ◽  
Jason M. Unrine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Ceria Nanoparticles ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Protective Effects of Lentil (Lens culinaris) Extract against Oxidative Stress-Induced Hepatotoxicity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Yeon-Seop Jung ◽  
So-Hee Lee ◽  
So Young Chun ◽  
Dae Hwan Kim ◽  
Byung Ik Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
H2o2 Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Hepatic Diseases

Excessive oxidative stress plays a role in hepatotoxicity and the pathogenesis of hepatic diseases. In our previous study, the phenolic extract of beluga lentil (BLE) showed the most potent in vitro antioxidant activity among extracts of four common varieties of lentils; thus, we hypothesized that BLE might protect liver cells against oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity. BLE was evaluated for its protective effects against oxidative stress-induced hepatotoxicity in AML12 mouse hepatocytes and BALB/c mice. H2O2 treatment caused a marked decrease in cell viability; however, pretreatment with BLE (25–100 μg/mL) for 24 h significantly preserved the viability of H2O2-treated cells up to about 50% at 100 μg/mL. As expected, BLE dramatically reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in a dose-dependent manner in H2O2-treated cells. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that BLE reduced cellular ROS levels, partly by increasing expression of antioxidant genes. Furthermore, pretreatment with BLE (400 mg/kg) for 2 weeks significantly reduced serum levels of alanine transaminase and triglyceride by about 49% and 40%, respectively, and increased the expression and activity of glutathione peroxidase in CCl4-treated BALB/c mice. These results suggest that BLE protects liver cells against oxidative stress, partly by inducing cellular antioxidant system; thus, it represents a potential source of nutraceuticals with hepatoprotective effects.

scholarly journals In vitro anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and qualitative phytochemical evaluation of the Phytexponent preparation of selected plants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gervason Moriasi ◽  
Elias Nelson ◽  
Epaphrodite Twahirwa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Etiologic Factor ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Oxidative stress is a critical etiologic factor and driver of inflammatory responses, witnessed in chronic and persistent conditions. The current anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory drugs are associated with detrimental effects, high dependence, high costs, inaccessibility, among other drawbacks; therefore, a need for alternatives is imperative. Despite the remarkable potential of medicinal plants, there are scanty empirical studies on their pharmacologic efficacy. The Phytexponent is an alcoholic polyherbal preparation of Allium sativum, Triticum repens, Echinacea purpurea, Viola tricolor and Matricaria chamomilla. In complementary medicine, the Phytexponent is used to boost immunity, to treat inflammatory disorders, oxidative stress, blood pressure, diabetes, stress/depression, among other conditions. However, there is no sufficient scientific data to support these healing claims. Therefore, in the current study evaluated the in vitro anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities and qualitative phytochemical composition of the Phytexponent. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated using the inhibition of protein denaturation and the human erythrocyte (HRBC) membrane stabilization techniques. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by the 1,1-diphenyl-picryl-1-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging-, the hydroxyl radical scavenging- and catalase activities. Qualitative phytochemical screening was performed using standard procedures. The results showed a significantly higher percentage inhibition of heat-induced- and hypotonicity induced HRBC hemolysis by the Phytexponent at concentrations of 50 % and 100 %, compared with the percentage inhibitions of etanercept (p<0.05). No significant differences in percentage inhibitions of protein denaturation were observed among concentrations of 12.5 %,25.0 %,50.0 %,100.0 % of the Phytexponent and etanercept (25 mg/ml) (p˃0.05). Furthermore, the Phytexponent demonstrated high antioxidant activities against the DPPH- (IC50=0.00733%) and the hydroxyl- (IC50 = 0.716 %) radicals in vitro.The Phytexponent recorded significantly higher catalase activities at concentrations of 1 % and 0.1 % than those recorded by ascorbic acid at similar concentrations. Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, among other antioxidant associated phytochemicals. The bioactivities of the Phytexponent reported herein, were attributed to the presence of these phytochemicals. Further studies to establish specific mode(s) through which the Phytexponent exerts in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects are encouraged. Moreover, in vivo anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities should be done to determine the replicability of these findings in vivo. Bioassay-guided isolation of compounds responsible for the reported bioactivities herein should be done.

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