scholarly journals Comparative Study between Laser Light Stereo-Lithography 3D-Printed and Traditionally Sintered Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds by an Integrated Morphological, Morphometric and Mechanical Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Mangano ◽  
Francesco Mangano ◽  
Luigi Gobbi ◽  
Oleg Admakin ◽  
Satoshi Iketani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Plastic Region ◽  
Compressive Loading ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Loading Tests

In dental districts, successful bone regeneration using biphasic calcium phosphate materials was recently explored. The present study aimed to perform a comparative study between 3D-printed scaffolds produced by laser light stereo-lithography (SLA) and traditionally sintered biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds by an integrated morphological, morphometric and mechanical analysis. Methods: Biphasic calcium phosphate (30% HA/70% β-TCP) samples, produced by SLA-3D-printing or by traditional sintering methods, were tested. The experimental sequence included: (1) Microtomography (microCT) analyses, to serve as control-references for the 3D morphometric analysis; (2) loading tests in continuous mode, with compression up to fracture, to reconstruct their mechanical characteristics; and (3) microCT of the same samples after the loading tests, for the prediction of the morphometric changes induced by compressive loading of the selected materials. All the biomaterials were also studied by complementary scanning electron microscopy to evaluate fracture regions and surfaces. Results: The characterization of the 3D mineralized microarchitecture showed that the SLA-3D-printed biomaterials offer performances comparable to and in some cases better than the traditionally sintered ones, with higher mean thickness of struts and pores. Interestingly, the SLA-3D-printed samples had a higher ultimate strength than the sintered ones, with a smaller plastic region. Moreover, by SEM observation, it was observed that fractures in the SLA-3D-printed samples were localized in the structure nodes or on the external shells of the rods, while all the traditionally sintered samples revealed a ductile fracture surface. Conclusions: The reduction of the region of plastic deformation in the SLA-3D-printed samples with respect to traditionally sintered biomaterials is expected to positively influence, in vivo, the cell adhesion. Both microCT and SEM imaging revealed that the studied biomaterials exhibit a structure more similar to human jaw than the sintered biomaterials.

scholarly journals Ex Vivo and In Vivo Analyses of Novel 3D-Printed Bone Substitute Scaffolds Incorporating Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Granules for Bone Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3588
Author(s):  
Franciska Oberdiek ◽  
Carlos Ivan Vargas ◽  
Patrick Rider ◽  
Milijana Batinic ◽  
Oliver Görke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Implantation Model

(1) Background: The aim of this study was examining the ex vivo and in vivo properties of a composite made from polycaprolactone (PCL) and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) (synprint, ScientiFY GmbH) fabricated via fused deposition modelling (FDM); (2) Methods: Scaffolds were tested ex vivo for their mechanical properties using porous and solid designs. Subcutaneous implantation model analyzed the biocompatibility of PCL + BCP and PCL scaffolds. Calvaria implantation model analyzed the osteoconductive properties of PCL and PCL + BCP scaffolds compared to BCP as control group. Established histological, histopathological and histomorphometrical methods were performed to evaluate new bone formation.; (3) Results Mechanical testing demonstrated no significant differences between PCL and PCL + BCP for both designs. Similar biocompatibility was observed subcutaneously for PCL and PCL + BCP scaffolds. In the calvaria model, new bone formation was observed for all groups with largest new bone formation in the BCP group, followed by the PCL + BCP group, and the PCL group. This finding was influenced by the initial volume of biomaterial implanted and remaining volume after 90 days. All materials showed osteoconductive properties and PCL + BCP tailored the tissue responses towards higher cellular biodegradability. Moreover, this material combination led to a reduced swelling in PCL + BCP; (4) Conclusions: Altogether, the results show that the newly developed composite is biocompatible and leads to successful osteoconductive bone regeneration. The new biomaterial combines the structural stability provided by PCL with bioactive characteristics of BCP-based BSM. 3D-printed BSM provides an integration behavior in accordance with the concept of guided bone regeneration (GBR) by directing new bone growth for proper function and restoration.

scholarly journals Biphasic Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials: Stem Cell-Derived Osteoinduction or In Vivo Osteoconduction? Novel Insights in Maxillary Sinus Augmentation by Advanced Imaging

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2159
Author(s):  
Giovanna Iezzi ◽  
Antonio Scarano ◽  
Luca Valbonetti ◽  
Serena Mazzoni ◽  
Michele Furlani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sinus Augmentation ◽  
Native Bone ◽  
Maxillary Sinus Augmentation ◽  
Posterior Maxilla

Maxillary sinus augmentation is often necessary prior to implantology procedure, in particular in cases of atrophic posterior maxilla. In this context, bone substitute biomaterials made of biphasic calcium phosphates, produced by three-dimensional additive manufacturing were shown to be highly biocompatible with an efficient osteoconductivity, especially when combined with cell-based tissue engineering. Thus, in the present research, osteoinduction and osteoconduction properties of biphasic calcium-phosphate constructs made by direct rapid prototyping and engineered with ovine-derived amniotic epithelial cells or amniotic fluid cells were evaluated. More in details, this preclinical study was performed using adult sheep targeted to receive scaffold alone (CTR), oAFSMC, or oAEC engineered constructs. The grafted sinuses were explanted at 90 days and a cross-linked experimental approach based on Synchrotron Radiation microCT and histology analysis was performed on the complete set of samples. The study, performed taking into account the distance from native surrounding bone, demonstrated that no significant differences occurred in bone regeneration between oAEC-, oAFMSC-cultured, and Ctr samples and that there was a predominant action of the osteoconduction versus the stem cells osteo-induction. Indeed, it was proven that the newly formed bone amount and distribution decreased from the side of contact scaffold/native bone toward the bulk of the scaffold itself, with almost constant values of morphometric descriptors in volumes more than 1 mm from the border.

Biocompatibility of Surface-Modified Biphasic Calcium Phosphate/Poly-L-Lactide Biocomposite in vitro and in vivo

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 754-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weizhong Yang ◽  
Guangfu Yin ◽  
Dali Zhou ◽  
Jianwen Gu ◽  
Yadong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Surface Modified

Development of injectable chitosan/biphasic calcium phosphate bone cement and in vitro and in vivo evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 055038
Author(s):  
Sirirat T. Rattanachan ◽  
Nuan La-ong Srakaew ◽  
Paritat Thaitalay ◽  
Oranich Thongsri ◽  
Rawee Dangviriyakul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Bone Cement

In vivo evaluation of interactions between biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP)-niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) nanocomposite and tissues using a rat critical-size calvarial defect model

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helio de Jesus Kiyochi Junior ◽  
Aline Gabriela Candido ◽  
Taiana Gabriela Moretti Bonadio ◽  
José Adauto da Cruz ◽  
Mauro Luciano Baesso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Niobium Pentoxide ◽  
Calvarial Defect ◽  
Defect Model ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation
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