scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of Wnt Family Genes in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Ding ◽  
Junxia Liu ◽  
Lu Zheng ◽  
Jiangbo Song ◽  
Niannian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Study ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Transcript Analysis ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Animal Phyla ◽  
Development Analysis ◽  
Unique Expression Pattern ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

Wnt is a family of conserved glycoproteins that participate in a variety of important biological processes including embryo development, cell proliferation and differentiation, and tissue regeneration. The Wnt family is a metazoan novelty found in all animal phyla. Studies have revealed that the number of Wnt genes varies among species, presumably due to reproduction and loss of genes during evolution. However, a comprehensive inventory of Wnt genes in Lepidoptera is lacking. In this study, we identified the repertoire of Wnt genes in the silkworm and seven other species of Lepidoptera and obtained eight Wnt genes (Wnt1, Wnt5–Wnt7, Wnt9–Wnt11, and WntA) in each species. Four of these Wnt genes are clustered in two orientations (5′-Wnt9-Wnt1-Wnt6-Wnt10-3′ and 5′-Wnt10-Wnt6-Wnt1-Wnt9-3′) in both moths and butterflies. Transcript analysis of Wnt in silkworm embryonic stages showed that each BmWnt gene had a unique expression pattern during embryological development. Analysis of a larval stage revealed differential expression of Wnt family members in diverse tissues. Our study provides an overview of the Wnt family in Lepidoptera and will inspire further functional study of the Wnt genes in the silkworm.

scholarly journals Klf5 regulates muscle differentiation by directly targeting muscle-specific genes in cooperation with MyoD in mice

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichiro Hayashi ◽  
Ichiro Manabe ◽  
Yumi Suzuki ◽  
Frédéric Relaix ◽  
Yumiko Oishi
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Regeneration ◽  
Myogenic Differentiation ◽  
Muscle Differentiation ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Regeneration ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Acting In Concert

Krüppel-like factor 5 (Klf5) is a zinc-finger transcription factor that controls various biological processes, including cell proliferation and differentiation. We show that Klf5 is also an essential mediator of skeletal muscle regeneration and myogenic differentiation. During muscle regeneration after injury (cardiotoxin injection), Klf5 was induced in the nuclei of differentiating myoblasts and newly formed myofibers expressing myogenin in vivo. Satellite cell-specific Klf5 deletion severely impaired muscle regeneration, and myotube formation was suppressed in Klf5-deleted cultured C2C12 myoblasts and satellite cells. Klf5 knockdown suppressed induction of muscle differentiation-related genes, including myogenin. Klf5 ChIP-seq revealed that Klf5 binding overlaps that of MyoD and Mef2, and Klf5 physically associates with both MyoD and Mef2. In addition, MyoD recruitment was greatly reduced in the absence of Klf5. These results indicate that Klf5 is an essential regulator of skeletal muscle differentiation, acting in concert with myogenic transcription factors such as MyoD and Mef2.

scholarly journals Identification and Functional Analysis of the CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (CLE) Gene Family in Wheat

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li ◽  
Liu ◽  
Xia ◽  
Li ◽  
Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Cle Peptides ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Cle Peptide ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Modified Peptides ◽  
Duplication Events

CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (CLE) peptides are post-translationally cleaved and modified peptides from their corresponding pre-propeptides. Although they are only 12 to 13 amino acids in length, they are important ligands involved in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation in plant shoots, roots, vasculature, and other tissues. They function by interacting with their corresponding receptors. CLE peptides have been studied in many plants, but not in wheat. We identified 104 TaCLE genes in the wheat genome based on a genome-wide scan approach. Most of these genes have homologous copies distributed on sub-genomes A, B, and D. A few genes are derived from tandem duplication and segmental duplication events. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that TaCLE genes can be divided into five different groups. We obtained functional characterization of the peptides based on the evolutionary relationships among the CLE peptide families of wheat, rice, and Arabidopsis, and expression pattern analysis. Using chemically synthesized peptides (TaCLE3p and TaCLE34p), we found that TaCLE3 and TaCLE34 play important roles in regulating wheat and Arabidopsis root development, and wheat stem development. Overexpression analysis of TaCLE3 in Arabidopsis revealed that TaCLE3 not only affects the development of roots and stems, but also affects the development of leaves and fruits. These data represent the first comprehensive information on TaCLE family members.

scholarly journals ADP-ribosylation signalling and human disease

Open Biology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 190041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Palazzo ◽  
Petra Mikolčević ◽  
Andreja Mikoč ◽  
Ivan Ahel
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Molecular Medicine ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Adp Ribosylation ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
The Impact

ADP-ribosylation (ADPr) is a reversible post-translational modification of proteins, which controls major cellular and biological processes, including DNA damage repair, cell proliferation and differentiation, metabolism, stress and immune responses. In order to maintain the cellular homeostasis, diverse ADP-ribosyl transferases and hydrolases are involved in the fine-tuning of ADPr systems. The control of ADPr network is vital, and dysregulation of enzymes involved in the regulation of ADPr signalling has been linked to a number of inherited and acquired human diseases, such as several neurological disorders and in cancer. Conversely, the therapeutic manipulation of ADPr has been shown to ameliorate several disorders in both human and animal models. These include cardiovascular, inflammatory, autoimmune and neurological disorders. Herein, we summarize the recent findings in the field of ADPr, which support the impact of this modification in human pathophysiology and highlight the curative potential of targeting ADPr for translational and molecular medicine.

scholarly journals NOTCH assembles a transcriptional repressive complex containing NuRD and PRC1 to repress genes involved in cell proliferation and differentiation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecile M. Doyen ◽  
David Depierre ◽  
Ahmad Yatim ◽  
Alex Heurteau ◽  
Jean Daniel Lelievre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Notch Signaling ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Oncogenic Potential ◽  
Master Regulators ◽  
Transcriptional Reprogramming ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Direct Activator

SummaryNOTCH1 is best known as a master regulator of T-cell development with a strong oncogenic potential in developing T-cells. Upon induction of Notch, cells go through major transcriptional reprogramming that involves both activation and repression of gene expression. Although much is known about the transcriptional programs activated by Notch, the identity of the genes silenced downstream of Notch signaling and the mechanisms by which Notch down-regulates their expression remain unclear. Here, we show that upon induction of Notch signaling, ICN1-CSL-MAML1 ternary complex assembles a transcriptional Notch Repressive Complex (NRC) containing NuRD and PRC1. Genome wide analysis revealed set of genes bound and transcriptionally repressed by the NRC. Remarkably, among those genes, we found master regulators of cell differentiation and cell proliferation such as PAX5, master B-cell regulator and the DNA-binding transcriptional repressor MAD4. We propose that Notch possesses a dual role as direct activator and repressor by serving as a platform for the recruitment of co-activators and co-repressors on target genes and that both activities are required for Notch nuclear functions.

scholarly journals Specific Antibody Fragment Ligand Traps Blocking FGF1 Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Chudzian ◽  
Anna Szlachcic ◽  
Malgorzata Zakrzewska ◽  
Miroslawa Czub ◽  
Marcin Pustula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Fragment ◽  
Antibody Fragments ◽  
Signaling Cascades ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Promote Tumor Growth ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Tumor Types

Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) and its receptors (FGFRs) regulate crucial biological processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation. Aberrant activation of FGFRs by their ligands can promote tumor growth and angiogenesis in many tumor types, including lung or breast cancer. The development of FGF1-targeting molecules with potential implications for the therapy of FGF1-driven tumors is recently being considered a promising approach in the treatment of cancer. In this study we have used phage display selection to find scFv antibody fragments selectively binding FGF1 and preventing it from binding to its receptor. Three identified scFv clones were expressed and characterized with regard to their binding to FGF1 and ability to interfere with FGF1-induced signaling cascades activation. In the next step the scFvs were cloned to scFv-Fc format, as dimeric Fc fusions prove beneficial in prospective therapeutic application. As expected, scFvs-Fc exhibited significantly increased affinity towards FGF1. We observed strong antiproliferative activity of the scFvs and scFvs-Fc in the in vitro cell models. Presented antibody fragments serve as novel FGF1 inhibitors and can be further utilized as powerful tools to use in the studies on the selective cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Immune function of miR-214 and its application prospects as molecular marker

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10924
Author(s):  
Qiuyuan Wang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Yiru Wu ◽  
Jie Wen ◽  
Chaolai Man
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Inflammatory Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Application Prospects

MicroRNAs are a class of evolutionary conserved non-coding small RNAs that play key regulatory roles at the post-transcriptional level. In recent years, studies have shown that miR-214 plays an important role in regulating several biological processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation, tumorigenesis, inflammation and immunity, and it has become a hotspot in the miRNA field. In this review, the regulatory functions of miR-214 in the proliferation, differentiation and functional activities of immune-related cells, such as dendritic cells, T cells and NK cells, were briefly reviewed. Also, the mechanisms of miR-214 involved in tumor immunity, inflammatory regulation and antivirus were discussed. Finally, the value and application prospects of miR-214 as a molecular marker in inflammation and tumor related diseases were analyzed briefly. We hope it can provide reference for further study on the mechanism and application of miR-214.

Role of melatonin in regulating neurogenesis: Implications for the neurodegenerative pathology and analogous therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayuri Shukla ◽  
Areechun Sotthibundhu ◽  
Piyarat Govitrapong
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Progenitor Cell Proliferation

The revelation of adult brain exhibiting neurogenesis has established that the brain possesses great plasticity and that neurons could be spawned in the neurogenic zones where hippocampal adult neurogenesis attributes to learning and memory processes. With strong implications in brain functional homeostasis, aging and cognition, various aspects of adult neurogenesis reveal exuberant mechanistic associations thereby further aiding in facilitating the therapeutic approaches regarding the development of neurodegenerative processes in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Impaired neurogenesis has been significantly evident in AD with compromised hippocampal function and cognitive deficits. Melatonin the pineal indolamine augments neurogenesis and has been linked to AD development as its levels are compromised with disease progression. Here, in this review, we discuss and appraise the mechanisms via which melatonin regulates neurogenesis in pathophysiological conditions which would unravel the molecular basis in such conditions and its role in endogenous brain repair. Also, its components as key regulators of neural stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation in the embryonic and adult brain would aid in accentuating the therapeutic implications of this indoleamine in line of prevention and treatment of AD.   

Icariin Stimulates hFOB 1.19 Osteoblast Proliferation and Differentiation via OPG/RANKL Mediated by the Estrogen Receptor

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin-Jun Sun ◽  
Chong Li ◽  
Xiang-hao Wen ◽  
Lu Guo ◽  
Zi-Fen Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Human Osteoblast ◽  
Osteoblast Cells ◽  
Expression Ratio ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression

Background:: Icariin (ICA), one of the main effective components isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Epimedium brevicornu Maxim., has been reported to possess extensive pharmacological actions, including enhanced sexual function, immune regulation, anti-inflammation, and antiosteoporosis. Methods:: Our study was designed to investigate the effect of ICA on cell proliferation and differentiation and the molecular mechanism of OPG/RANKL mediated by the Estrogen Receptor (ER) in hFOB1.19 human osteoblast cells. Results:: The experimental results show that ICA can stimulate cell proliferation and increase the activity of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Osteocalcin (BGP) and I Collagen (Col I) and a number of calcified nodules. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein expression of OPG and RANKL and the OPG/ RANKL mRNA and protein expression ratios were upregulated by ICA. The above-mentioned results indicated that the optimal concentration of ICA for stimulating osteogenesis was 50ng/mL. Subsequent mechanistic studies comparing 50ng/mL ICA with an estrogen receptor antagonist demonstrated that the effect of the upregulated expression is connected with the estrogen receptor. In conclusion, ICA can regulate bone formation by promoting cell proliferation and differentiation and upregulating the OPG/RANKL expression ratio by the ER in hFOB1.19 human osteoblast cells.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document