scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Disease Management of Date Palm Sudden Decline Syndrome in the United Arab Emirates

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khawla Alwahshi ◽  
Esam Saeed ◽  
Arjun Sham ◽  
Aisha Alblooshi ◽  
Marwa Alblooshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Lsu Rrna Gene ◽  
Diseased Root

Date palm orchards suffer from serious diseases, including sudden decline syndrome (SDS). External symptoms were characterized by whitening on one side of the rachis, progressing from the base to the apex of the leaf until the whole leaf dies; while the internal disease symptoms included reddish roots and highly colored vascular bundles causing wilting and death of the tree. Although three Fusarium spp. (F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum and F. solani) were isolated from diseased root samples, the fungal pathogen F. solani was associated with SDS on date palm in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Fusarium spp. were identified based on their cultural and morphological characteristics. The internal transcribed spacer regions and large subunit of the ribosomal RNA (ITS/LSU rRNA) gene complex of the pathogens was further sequenced. Pathogenicity assays and disease severity indices confirm the main causal agent of SDS on date palm in the UAE is F. solani. Application of Cidely® Top (difenoconazole and cyflufenamid) significantly inhibited the fungal mycelial growth in vitro and reduced SDS development on date palm seedlings pre-inoculated with F. solani under greenhouse conditions. This is the first report confirming that the chemical fungicide Cidely® Top is strongly effective against SDS on date palm.

Tetrapisispora taiwanensis sp. nov. and Tetrapisispora pingtungensis sp. nov., two ascosporogenous yeast species isolated from soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_6) ◽  
pp. 2351-2355
Author(s):  
Shan-Fu Chen ◽  
Shih Feng Lo ◽  
Chin-Feng Chang ◽  
Ching-Fu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Lsu Rrna Gene ◽  
Ascosporogenous Yeast

Two novel yeast species, Tetrapisispora taiwanensis sp. nov. and Tetrapisispora pingtungensis sp. nov., belonging to the Saccharomycetaceae within the Saccharomycetales, are proposed to accommodate six strains isolated from samples of Taiwanese forest soil between 2005 and 2010. Sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the D1/D2 domains of the large-subunit (LSU) rRNA gene revealed that the two species are phylogenetically closely related to species of the genus Tetrapisispora. Moreover, the assimilation spectrum of carbon and nitrogen sources and morphological characteristics are very similar to those of other Tetrapisispora species. The molecular, morphological and physiological characteristics described above indicate that these two species should be classified as members of the genus Tetrapisispora. The two species can be differentiated from each other and from other Tetrapisispora species based on their LSU D1/D2 rRNA gene and ITS sequences. Thus, the two species could be regarded as novel species of the genus Tetrapisispora, and the names Tetrapisispora taiwanensis sp. nov. (type strain SJ6S04T  = CBS 10586T  = NBRC 102652T  = BCRC 23090T) and Tetrapisispora pingtungensis sp. nov. (type strain NC2S06T  = CBS 12780T  = BCRC 23409T) are proposed. The type strains of the two species were isolated from forest soil in Leinhuatsu Park, Nantou, in 2006 and from Hungchun, Pingtung, in 2009, respectively.

scholarly journals Adaptability and leaf anatomical features in oil palm seedlings produced by embryo rescue and pre-germinated seeds

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zanderluce G. Luis ◽  
Kadja Milena G. Bezerra ◽  
Jonny Everson Scherwinski-Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Anatomical Plasticity ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Changes in the leaf structure of plants grown in different conditions have been reported, such as increase in size and density of stomata and reduction in stomatal control, amount of epicuticular wax, and mesophyll thickness, with a high diversity of intercellular spaces. However, these changes are highly variable depending on the physiological and morphological characteristics of each species. The objective of this work was to analyze the adaptability and anatomical plasticity of oil palm seedlings produced after embryo rescue and pre-germinated seeds. Expanded leaves were prepared for evaluation of morphometric data and anatomical structures. It was verified that the environmental conditions in vitro negatively influenced the stomata density, epidermal and hypodermal thickness, and the values for the expansion cells and leaf mesophile. Anatomically, the oil palm leaves present the same tissues composition in both growth conditions, with uniseriate epidermal cells, and tetracitic stomata occurring in both epidermal surfaces. Epidermal cells from in vitro plants are thinner than ones from greenhouse. The midrib of leaves from greenhouse plants are more developed and is composed by only one central vascular bundle, while plants from in vitro cultivation developed three to four collateral vascular bundles.

Ficophagus chaozhouensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae), an associate of Ficus hirta Vahl var. roxburghii (Miq.) King in China

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-312
Author(s):  
Wensheng Zeng ◽  
Dayuan Zhang ◽  
Jianghua Huang ◽  
Yongsan Zeng ◽  
Weimin Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Subunit ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ssu Rrna ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Male Tail ◽  
Lsu Rrna Gene ◽  
Ficus Hirta ◽  
Tail Tip

Summary A new nematode species was recovered from the syconia of Ficus hirta var. roxburghii from Chaozhou, Guangdong, China. It is described herein as Ficophagus chaozhouensis n. sp. and is characterised by possessing the combined characters of a short post-uterine sac, excretory pore located near the head, amoeboid sperm, three pairs of subventral papillae on the male tail, rounded male tail tip with mucron (occasionally swollen), absence of gubernaculum (or apophysis), a blunt rosethorn-shaped spicule without a terminal cucullus, and a digitate rostrum with a broadly squared tip. Ficophagus chaozhouensis n. sp. was separated from other sequenced species by differences in the partial small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene. Phylogenetic analysis with LSU D2-D3 expansion segment sequences suggested that F. chaozhouensis n. sp. is clustered in the same highly supported monophyletic clade with F. aculeata, F. maxima and F. yoponensis, and is sister to F. aculeata.

Martininema semicordatae n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) associated with Ficus semicordata in China

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 759-770
Author(s):  
Xiulan Zhao ◽  
Dayuan Zhang ◽  
Wensheng Zeng ◽  
Jianfeng Huang ◽  
Yongsan Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Male Tail ◽  
Lsu Rrna Gene ◽  
Tail Tip

Summary A new nematode species was recovered from the syconia of Ficus semicordata from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Yunnan Province, China. It is described herein as Martininema semicordatae n. sp. and is characterised by having the combined characters of a long post-vulval uterine sac, excretory pore located at nerve ring level, amoeboid sperm, three pairs of subventral papillae on the male tail, rounded male tail tip with mucron, absence of gubernaculum (= apophysis), and a recurved, rose-thorn-shaped spicule lacking a terminal cucullus. Martininema semicordatae n. sp. differs from other sequenced species by differences in the partial small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene. Phylogenetic analysis with LSU D2-D3 expansion segment sequences suggested that M. semicordatae n. sp. is clustered in a highly supported monophyletic clade with M. guangzhouense, M. fistulosus and M. baculum, and shares a common ancestor with these three species.

Candida ecuadorensis sp. nov., an ascomycetous yeast species found in two separate regions of Ecuador

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_1) ◽  
pp. 393-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. James ◽  
Enrique Javier Carvajal Barriga ◽  
Patricia Portero Barahona ◽  
Kathryn Cross ◽  
Christopher J. Bond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ascomycetous Yeast ◽  
Rotten Wood ◽  
D2 Domain ◽  
Lsu Rrna Gene

In the course of an on-going study aimed at cataloguing the natural yeast biodiversity found in Ecuador, two strains (CLQCA 13-025 and CLQCA 20-004T) were isolated from samples of cow manure and rotten wood collected in two separate provinces of the country (Orellana and Bolívar). These strains were found to represent a novel yeast species based on the sequences of their D1/D2 domain of the large-subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and their physiological characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis based on LSU D1/D2 sequences revealed this novel species to belong to the Metschnikowia clade and to be most closely related to Candida suratensis, a species recently discovered in a mangrove forest in Thailand. The species name of Candida ecuadorensis sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate these strains, with strain CLQCA 20-004T ( = CBS 12653T = NCYC 3782T) designated as the type strain.

scholarly journals Fungal Colonization and Biodeterioration of Plasticized Polyvinyl Chloride

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 3194-3200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy S. Webb ◽  
Marianne Nixon ◽  
Ian M. Eastwood ◽  
Malcolm Greenhalgh ◽  
Geoffrey D. Robson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Dioctyl Phthalate ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbial Succession

ABSTRACT Significant substratum damage can occur when plasticized PVC (pPVC) is colonized by microorganisms. We investigated microbial colonization of pPVC in an in situ, longitudinal study. Pieces of pPVC containing the plasticizers dioctyl phthalate and dioctyl adipate (DOA) were exposed to the atmosphere for up to 2 years. Fungal and bacterial populations were quantified, and colonizing fungi were identified by rRNA gene sequencing and morphological characteristics.Aureobasidium pullulans was the principal colonizing fungus, establishing itself on the pPVC between 25 and 40 weeks of exposure. A group of yeasts and yeast-like fungi, includingRhodotorula aurantiaca and Kluyveromyces spp., established themselves on the pPVC much later (after 80 weeks of exposure). Numerically, these organisms dominated A. pullulans after 95 weeks, with a mean viable count ± standard error of 1,000 ± 200 yeast CFU cm−2, compared to 390 ± 50 A. pullulans CFU cm−2. No bacterial colonization was observed. We also used in vitro tests to characterize the deteriogenic properties of fungi isolated from the pPVC. All strains of A. pullulans tested could grow with the intact pPVC formulation as the sole source of carbon, degrade the plasticizer DOA, produce extracellular esterase, and cause weight loss of the substratum during growth in vitro. In contrast, several yeast isolates could not grow on pPVC or degrade DOA. These results suggest that microbial succession may occur during the colonization of pPVC and that A. pullulans is critical to the establishment of a microbial community on pPVC.

Marasmioid and gymnopoid fungi of the Republic of Korea. 8. Gymnopus section Impudicae

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 286 (2) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
RHIM RYOO ◽  
VLADIMÍR ANTONÍN ◽  
KANG-HYEON KA ◽  
MICHAL TOMŠOVSKÝ
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Drying Up ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ribosomal Rrna

Collections of Gymnopus sect. Impudicae from the Republic of Korea are evaluated. Three recorded species (G. densilamellatus, G. similis, and G. variicolor) are described as new for the science: Gymnopus densilamellatus is macroscopically characterized as having a brown to reddish brown, sometimes pale ochraceous and later whitish pileus and crowded lamellae. Gymnopus similis has an ochraceous-grey, brownish orange or brownish red pileus, and moderately distant, whitish, later dirty yellowish, greyish, or brownish orange or light brown lamellae. Gymnopus variicolor is characterized by a reddish brown, brownish red or violet brown pileus drying-up to light brown or brown, greyish brown or greyish red, later pale brownish orange lamellae, and greyish brown or greyish red pileus, grey-brown, light to reddish brown in upper part. Gymnopus dysodes is recorded for the first time in Korea. The morphological characteristics of the species are provided with a key for their identification. The taxonomic positions of all taxa are confirmed by the DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region and the large subunit of ribosomal rRNA gene.

Coleopuccinia in China and its relationship to Gymnosporangium

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 347 (3) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
BIN CAO ◽  
SIQI TAO ◽  
CHENGMING TIAN ◽  
YINGMEI LIANG
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Rust Fungi ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
Western China ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Separate Genus ◽  
Lsu Rrna Gene ◽  
Lsu Rrna

The rust species Coleopuccinia sinensis was collected during an investigation of rust fungi in Tibet, a region in south-western China. Through morphological examination, we clarified that C. kunmingensis is a synonym of C. sinensis. Phylogenetic analyses using the combined loci of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and the partial large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene revealed that Coleopuccinia should be treated as a separate genus from Gymnosporangium.

Sympodiomycopsis yantaiensis sp. nov., a basidiomycetous yeast isolated from insect frass

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_9) ◽  
pp. 3501-3505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Chen ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Zhi-Hui Li ◽  
Feng-Li Hui
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Basidiomycetous Yeast ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sophora Japonica ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
D2 Domain ◽  
Lsu Rrna Gene

Two strains (NYNU 121010T and NYNU 121032) of a novel basidiomycetous yeast species belonging to the genus Sympodiomycopsis were isolated from insect frass collected from trunks of a pagoda tree (Sophora japonica L.) in Yantai, Shandong province, east China. The sequence analyses of the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region indicated that the closest relatives were Sympodiomycopsis kandeliae FIRDI 007T, Sympodiomycopsis paphiopedili CBS 7429T and Sympodiomycopsis sp. S6A. The D1/D2 sequences of the novel strains differed by 12 nt substitutions (2 %) from the type strain of S. kandeliae, and by 13 nt substitutions (2.2 %) from the type strain of S. paphiopedili and from Sympodiomycopsis sp. S6A. The novel strains differed from closely related species by more than 4.6 % substitutions in the ITS region. The novel strains can also be distinguished from S. kandeliae and S. paphiopedili on the basis of a number of morphological and physiological characteristics and represent a novel species in the genus Sympodiomycopsis, for which the name Sympodiomycopsis yantaiensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NYNU 121010T ( = CICC 32998T = CBS 12813T). The Mycobank deposit number is MB 804119.

scholarly journals Chytrid Fungi Associated with Pollen Decomposition in Crater Lake, Oregon

Fine Focus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen A. Page ◽  
Meghan K. Flannery
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Crater Lake ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Lsu Rrna Gene ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Lsu Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Sequences

We identified chytrid fungi that were attached to pine pollen on the surface of Crater Lake. Fungi were identified by large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene sequencing of lake pollen extracts and by isolation of a chytrid fungus that was present on the pollen. LSU rRNA PCR products were cloned, sequenced and identified. The majority of eukaryotic LSU rRNA sequences associated with pollen were found to be members of the chytrid order Rhizophyidiales. A fungal isolate was characterized culturally, morphologically, and by DNA sequencing and was identified as a member of the genus Paranamyces, in the order Rhizophydiales. In addition, protist LSU rRNA sequences from the phylum Ciliophora were found. The concentrations of dissolved organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphate in surface water that had visible pollen rafts increased according to the concentration of pollen in the water. Each of these nutrients was detected at several fold higher levels in water with pollen rafts as compared to surface water lacking pollen rafts. These results provide evidence for the role of chytrid fungi in nutrient release from pollen deposited on Crater Lake.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document