scholarly journals Cannabinoid Receptors and the Endocannabinoid System: Signaling and Function in the Central Nervous System

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 833 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptors ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals The Endocannabinoid System in the Retina: From Physiology to Practical and Therapeutic Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Schwitzer ◽  
Raymund Schwan ◽  
Karine Angioi-Duprez ◽  
Anne Giersch ◽  
Vincent Laprevote
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptors ◽  
Synthetic Cannabinoids ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Cannabinoid System ◽  
Retinal Processing ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Impact

Cannabisis one of the most prevalent drugs used in industrialized countries. The main effects ofCannabisare mediated by two major exogenous cannabinoids: ∆9-tetrahydroxycannabinol and cannabidiol. They act on specific endocannabinoid receptors, especially types 1 and 2. Mammals are endowed with a functional cannabinoid system including cannabinoid receptors, ligands, and enzymes. This endocannabinoid signaling pathway is involved in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions with a main role in the biology of the central nervous system. As the retina is a part of the central nervous system due to its embryonic origin, we aim at providing the relevance of studying the endocannabinoid system in the retina. Here, we review the distribution of the cannabinoid receptors, ligands, and enzymes in the retina and focus on the role of the cannabinoid system in retinal neurobiology. This review describes the presence of the cannabinoid system in critical stages of retinal processing and its broad involvement in retinal neurotransmission, neuroplasticity, and neuroprotection. Accordingly, we support the use of synthetic cannabinoids as new neuroprotective drugs to prevent and treat retinal diseases. Finally, we argue for the relevance of functional retinal measures in cannabis users to evaluate the impact of cannabis use on human retinal processing.

Expression and distribution of CB1 cannabinoid receptors in the central nervous system of the African cichlid fishPelvicachromis pulcher

2005 ◽  
Vol 485 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Cottone ◽  
Sarah Forno ◽  
Ezio Campantico ◽  
Alda Guastalla ◽  
Laura Viltono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptors ◽  
African Cichlid ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Amino acid sequence of the encephalitogenic basic protein from human myelin

1971 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Carnegie
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
And Function ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Myelin from the central nervous system contains an unusual basic protein, which can induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. The basic protein from human brain was digested with trypsin and other enzymes and the sequence of the 170 amino acids was determined. The localization of the encephalitogenic determinants was described. Possible roles for the protein in the structure and function of myelin are discussed.

scholarly journals Odorant Receptors Signaling Instructs the Development and Plasticity of the Glomerular Map

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Valle-Leija
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Olfactory System ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Odorant Receptors ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Olfactory Information ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
And Function

The olfactory system provides a great opportunity to explore the mechanisms that underlie the formation and function of neural circuits because of the simplicity of its structure. Olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) located in the peripheral olfactory epithelium (OE) take part in the initial formation and function of glomeruli in the olfactory bulb (OB) inside the central nervous system. Glomeruli are key in the process of transduction of olfactory information, as they constitute a map in the OB that sorts the different types of odorant inputs. This odorant categorization allows proper olfactory perception, and it is achieved through the anatomical organization and function of the different glomerular circuits. Once formed, glomeruli keep the capacity to undergo diverse plasticity processes, which is unique among the different neural circuits of the central nervous system. In this context, through the expression and function of the odorant receptors (ORs), OSNs perform two of the most important roles in the olfactory system: transducing odorant information to the nervous system and initiating the development of the glomerular map to organize olfactory information. This review addresses essential information that has emerged in recent years about the molecular basis of these processes.

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