scholarly journals 15,16-Dihydrotanshinone I from the Functional Food Salvia miltiorrhiza Exhibits Anticancer Activity in Human HL-60 Leukemia Cells: in Vitro and in Vivo Studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 19387-19400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Jen Liu ◽  
Hsueh-Hsia Wu ◽  
Tzu-Ho Chen ◽  
Wan Leung ◽  
Yu-Chih Liang
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Leukemia Cells

scholarly journals ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF UPAVISHA ARKA: AN OVERVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Chandekar Deepali Boudhadas ◽  
Pawade Uday Venkatrao ◽  
Nikam Ashwin Vithalrao ◽  
Anjankar Meghsham Pramodrao
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Calotropis Gigantea ◽  
Natural Derivative

Cancer is one amongst the dreadful diseases of present century. The incidence of cancer is increasing worldwide. Every year about 8,00,000 new cancer patients get registered with the national cancer registry program in India. Ayurveda an ancient Indian medicine science describes many useful herbal drugs for such types of advanced diseases. Upavisha the plant poisons of low potency are mentioned in Agadtantra. Arka (Calotropis procera/ Calotropis gigantea) is one among these Upavisha is emerging as an effective anticancer drug. It shows various pharmacological activities such as Anticancer, Antimicrobial, Antiimplantation etc. Different parts of Arka are used to treat cancer. In current scenario number of synthetic anticancer drugs are used to treat cancer. These synthetic anticancer drugs are expensive and shows harmful adverse effects. Upavisha like Arka which is natural derivative may be cost effective & less harmful as Anticancer drug. Anticancer activity of Calotropis procera/Calotropis gigantea is reported in scientific journals. This review summarizes various In Vitro and In Vivo studies of anticancer activity of Upavisha Arka.

scholarly journals BST-236, a Novel Cytarabine Prodrug, Is Safer and As Effective As Cytarabine in In Vivo Leukemia Models

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1451-1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoshi Tessler ◽  
Inbal Mishalian ◽  
Ronny Peri-Naor ◽  
Stela Gengrinovitch ◽  
Raphael Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Systemic Toxicity ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Severe Toxicity ◽  
Unfit Patients ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with poor outcomes in older and medically unfit patients, largely due to the severe toxicity associated with cytarabine treatment, which precludes the administration of effective cytarabine doses. BST-236 is a prodrug of cytarabine, inactive in its prodrug form and designed to deliver cytarabine to leukemia cells with reduced systemic toxicity, thus to enable delivery of high cytarabine doses to leukemia cells with relative sparing of normal tissues. Results: BST-236 is a conjugate of cytarabine and asparagine (Figure 1). It was demonstrated that BST-236 is inactive as an intact prodrug and that its activity is exerted by release of cytarabine via non-enzymatic hydrolysis. Unlike free cytarabine, the bound cytarabine in BST-236 is not phosphorylated into its active metabolite Ara-CTP and it is protected by the asparagine residue from deamination into its inactive form Ara-U. In vitro studies demonstrate that BST-236 enters into leukemia cells, accompanied by cellular accumulation of free cytarabine, which is released from BST-236 (Figure 2). Like cytarabine, treatment with BST-236 result in induction of cell death of various leukemia cell lines via apoptosis, an activity which is dependent on the human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1). The in vitro kinetics of BST-236-induced toxicity were found to be delayed compared to administration of free cytarabine, correlating with an observed delayed cellular availability of cytarabine. In vivo studies in mice and dogs demonstrate that BST-236 concentrations in the plasma are dose-proportional, with a prodrug-typical profile and only ~5% of free cytarabine present in the plasma. The maximal tolerated dose of BST-236 was found to be several-fold higher than reported for cytarabine, with mainly hematological effects and no unexpected toxicities. In vivo head-to-head studies in human leukemia mouse models with equimolar doses of cytarabine and BST-236 demonstrate similar efficacy of complete elimination of the leukemia cells in the bone marrow, spleen, and peripheral blood by both molecules (Figure 3A). However, while cytarabine treatment was associated with significant toxicity including weight loss, dramatic reduction in spleen size and number of mouse spleen cells, and delayed normal murine white blood cell recovery, equimolar BST-236 doses enabled spleen and BM recovery with minimal weight loss and no observed clinical signs (Figure 3B, 3C). Summary: in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that BST-236 is a prodrug of cytarabine, which enables the delivery of cytarabine to target cells, resulting in elimination of the leukemia with reduced systemic toxicity compared to free cytarabine. The data also suggest that while the mechanism of cell death induced by BST-236 and cytarabine is similar, the observed differential kinetics of the delivery of cytarabine by BST-236 and its metabolism may explain its reduced systemic toxicity. Our nonclinical findings are in line with the clinical results of the BST-236 Phase 1/2 study (ASH 2017 abstract no 893, manuscript in preparation) and suggest that BST-236 may enable delivery of high cytarabine doses to older and medically-unfit patients who currently cannot benefit from an effective cytarabine therapy. This suggestion is to be confirmed by an ongoing Phase 2b study. Disclosures Tessler: Biosight: Employment. Gengrinovitch:Biosight: Employment. Ben Yakar:Biosight: Employment. Peled:Cellect Biotherapeutics Ltd: Consultancy. Flaishon:Biosight: Employment.

scholarly journals ANTICANCER ACTIVITY OF UPAVISHA SNUHI: A COMPREHENSIVE UPDATE

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 162-166
Author(s):  
Asolkar Geeta Govindrao ◽  
Nikam Ashwin Vithalrao ◽  
Pawade Uday Venkatrao ◽  
Anjankar Meghsham Pramodrao
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Anticancer Agent ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Classical Text ◽  
Ancient Science

Cancer is one of the dreaded diseases of 20th century responsible for causing most fatalities and spreading further with increasing incidence in 21st century. Ayurveda an ancient science provides many useful remedies for these types of advanced diseases. Upavishas narrated in Agadtantra contribute for many fruitful therapeutic formulations. Snuhi (Euphorbia neriifolia Linn.) is one among these upavishas is knocking out as an effective Anticancer agent. Traditionally it is mainly used in Kushtha, Udara, Shotha, Pandu, Gulma, Dushivisha, Visha chikitsa. Various In Vitro & In Vivo studies has been conducted to evaluate the anticancer activity of Upavisha Snuhi (Euphorbia neriifolia Linn.) in the form of its extracts. In this study a special emphasis is on gathering details of Upavisha Snuhi from available classical text and assemble data related to the In Vivo and In Vitro Anticancer activity of Upavisha Snuhi.

Exploring the Potential of Traditional Herbs in the Management of Diabetic Retinopathy: An Overview

Drug Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (07) ◽  
pp. 298-309
Author(s):  
Soumya Singh ◽  
Poonam Kushwaha ◽  
Sujeet Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Prevention And Cure

AbstractDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication in diabetes that affects eyes and is responsible for most visual impairment in diabetic patients. Diabetic retinopathy affects up to 80% of those who have had diabetes for 20 years or more. At least 90% of new cases could be reduced with proper treatment and monitoring of the eyes. The longer a person has diabetes, the higher his or her chances of developing diabetic retinopathy. Hence, it compels need for its prevention and cure. There is an increasing interest in natural products in pharmacotherapy as the chemical diversity of natural products has better matches than the diversity of synthetic compounds. The current review summarises the potential of leading traditional herbs like Azadirachta indica, Ginkgo biloba, Anisodus tanguticus, Pinus pinaster, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Stephania tetrandra and Gymnema sylvestre in the management and potential reversal of DR-related pathogenesis. It also discusses the probable mechanism of actions, which are based on epidemiological, in-vitro and in-vivo studies carried out within past few years. Graphical Abstract.

scholarly journals Prebiotic Potential of Cereal Components

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2338
Author(s):  
Reihane Abdi ◽  
Iris J. Joye
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Food Production ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Main Components

One type of functional food that has been receiving much attention is food rich in prebiotics. The old but still valid definition of prebiotics defines them as non-digestible food components that selectively stimulate the growth and/or activity of the beneficial bacteria in the colon and, as a result, improve the host health. Cereals, as one of the main components in the human diet, contain substantial levels of dietary fiber with probable prebiotic potential. In addition, dietary fiber, particularly soluble dietary fiber, has recently emerged as a promising natural highly functional food ingredient in food production. This review focuses on the prebiotic potential of cereal dietary fiber types and covers the achievements and developments regarding its isolation. First, the probiotic and prebiotic concepts will be discussed. Next, different components of dietary fiber and their effect on the host bacteria through in vitro and/or in vivo studies will be reviewed. In a last part, this paper also discusses means of boosting the prebiotic properties of cereal components and innovative strategies for the extraction of cereal dietary fiber. The review focuses on wheat as a leading cereal crop that is widely and intensely used throughout the world in food production.

Cranberry: A Promising Natural Source of Potential Nutraceuticals with Anticancer Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 1672-1686
Author(s):  
Maria Mantzorou ◽  
Apostolos Zarros ◽  
Georgios Vasios ◽  
Stamatios Theocharis ◽  
Eleni Pavlidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Chemopreventive Agents ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Studies have shown that cranberry and its components may exert anticancer properties. The present study aims to critically summarise the existing experimental studies evaluating the potential effects of cranberry on cancer prevention and treatment. PubMed database was searched to identify relevant studies. Current in vitro studies have indicated that cranberry and/or its components may act as chemopreventive agents, diminishing the risk for cancer by inhibiting cells oxidation and inflammatory-related processes, while they may also exert chemotherapeutic effects by inhibiting cell proliferation and angiogenesis, inducing cell apoptosis and attenuating the ability of tumour cells to invade and metastasis. Limited in vivo studies have further documented potential anticancer activity. Cranberry could be considered as a conglomeration of potential effective anticancer druglike compounds.

scholarly journals Versatile Nutraceutical Potentials of Watermelon—A Modest Fruit Loaded with Pharmaceutically Valuable Phytochemicals

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5258
Author(s):  
Abinaya Manivannan ◽  
Eun-Su Lee ◽  
Koeun Han ◽  
Hye-Eun Lee ◽  
Do-Sun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Cardio Vascular ◽  
Alpha Amino Acid

Watermelon (Citrulus lantus) is an important horticultural crop which belongs to the Curcubitaceae family. The nutraceutical potential of watermelon has been illustrated by several researchers, which makes it a better choice of functional food. Watermelon has been used to treat various ailments, such as cardio-vascular diseases, aging related ailments, obesity, diabetes, ulcers, and various types of cancers. The medicinal properties of watermelon are attributed by the presence of important phytochemicals with pharmaceutical values such as lycopene, citrulline, and other polyphenolic compounds. Watermelon acts as vital source of l-citrulline, a neutral-alpha amino acid which is the precursor of l-arginine, an essential amino acid necessary for protein synthesis. Supplementation of l-citrulline and lycopene displayed numerous health benefits in in vitro and in vivo studies. Similarly, the dietary intake of watermelon has proven benefits as functional food in humans for weight management. Apart from the fruits, the extracts prepared from the seeds, sprouts, and leaves also evidenced medicinal properties. The present review provides a comprehensive overview of benefits of watermelon for the treatment of various ailments.

scholarly journals Investigation of the in vitro Anticancer Activity of Sorbus aria Extract on Prostate Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 228-235
Author(s):  
Tilbe Özar ◽  
M. Fatih Özalp ◽  
Erdal Eroğlu
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Sorbus Aria

Cancer is one of the common diseases observed in our country and worldwide with a high mortality rate. Although cancer has been treated with different applications such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical operation, the exact remedy of this disease has still not been found, yet. The fact that current treatment methods have severe side effects on patients has increased the interest in natural anticancer agents that are accepted easily and considered as safer by society. The aim of this study is to investigate the anticancer activity of whitebeam (Sorbus aria) that grows in the Central Anatolia Region in Turkey, extract on PC-3 human prostate cancer cells in vitro. The anticancer activity of the ethanol extract obtained from whitebeam fruits evaluated using MTT cell proliferation assay. Also, Folin-Ciocalteu assay and CUPRAC method were performed to determine total phenol content and antioxidant capacity of whitebeam fruits, respectively. Whitebeam fruit extract showed strong anticancer activity on prostate cancer in vitro. The obtained ethanol extract is found to be a promising natural anticancer agent in vitro, and our findings need to be verified with in vivo studies and clinical trials.

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