scholarly journals Sperm Proteases that May Be Involved in the Initiation of Sperm Motility in the Newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 15210-15224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misato Yokoe ◽  
Makoto Sano ◽  
Honami Shibata ◽  
Daisuke Shibata ◽  
Eriko Takayama-Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster

Initiation of sperm motility in the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster, is induced by a heat-stable component of egg-jelly

Zygote ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Ichi Mizuno ◽  
Akihiko Watanabe ◽  
Kazuo Onitake
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster ◽  
Stable Component ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Osmotic Change ◽  
Inactive Form ◽  
Before And After

Sperm motility in amphibians is thought to be initiated by a decrease in environmental osmolarity. However, fertilisation in the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster, is achieved in an environment without osmotic change. We show here that sperm motility initiating activity is present in jelly layer extract (JE). JE was gel-filtrated and a single peak with sperm motility initiating activity was detected in the fraction corresponding to about 50 kDa. The activity was strengthened by heat treatment of JE at 100 °C for 30 min. This suggests that JE includes the inactive form of sperm motility inducing substance (SMIS) in addition to active substance. Thus JE was fractionated before and after the heat treatment. When JE was fractionated first and then each fraction was heated, the activity was detected in the fraction both above 500 kDa and below 500 kDa. When heat-treated JE was fractionated, the activity was detected only in the fraction below 500 kDa. These results suggest that JE includes the inactive form of SMIS of more than 500 kDa in molecular weight. A regulatory mechanism for the initiation of sperm motility in C. pyrrhogaster is proposed according to the results of the present study.

Substances for the Initiation of Sperm Motility in Egg-Jelly of the Japanese Newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 793-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Ukita ◽  
Tokuko Itoh ◽  
Toshihiko Watanabe ◽  
Akihiko Watanabe ◽  
Kazuo Onitake
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster ◽  
Egg Jelly

scholarly journals Characteristics of Sperm Motility Induced on the Egg-Jelly in the Internal Fertilization of the Newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihiko Watanabe ◽  
Tokuko Itoh ◽  
Akihiko Watanabe ◽  
Kazuo Onitake
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Internal Fertilization ◽  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster ◽  
Egg Jelly

Sperm motility initiation by egg jelly of the anuran, Discoglossus pictus may be mediated by sperm motility-initiating substance of the internally-fertilizing newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster

Zygote ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriko Takayama-Watanabe ◽  
Chiara Campanella ◽  
Hideo Kubo ◽  
Akihiko Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Electron Microscopic Observation ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Homologous Proteins ◽  
Internal Fertilization ◽  
External Fertilization ◽  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster ◽  
Discoglossus Pictus ◽  
Egg Jelly

SummaryThe egg jelly of Discoglossus pictus contains sperm motility-activating activity, the molecular basis of which has not been studied. Discoglossus pictus sperm initiated motility immediately after immersion in egg-jelly extract, as well as after immersion in hyposmotic solution, which initiates sperm motility in the external fertilization of anuran amphibians. Sequential treatment of the D. pictus sperm with these two solutions revealed the predominant effect of hyposmolality in initiation of motility. The motility initiation induced by jelly extract was suppressed by a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that is specific for the 34 kDa sperm motility-initiating substance (SMIS) in the egg jelly of the newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster. Immunoblotting using the anti-SMIS mAb revealed several antigenic proteins that included major ones with sizes of 18- and 34-kDa in D. pictus jelly extract. Scanning electron microscopic observation revealed that granules of jelly matrix, in which SMIS localizes and which have a critical role in the internal fertilization of C. pyrrhogaster, were not observed near the surface of the D. pictus egg jelly. These results suggest that sperm motility-activating activity in egg jelly of D. pictus may be mediated by SMIS homologous proteins that act through a mechanism that is partially different from that of C. pyrrhogaster.

Contribution of different Ca2+ channels to the acrosome reaction-mediated initiation of sperm motility in the newt Cynops pyrrhogaster

Zygote ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriko Takayama-Watanabe ◽  
Hiroto Ochiai ◽  
Shunpei Tanino ◽  
Akihiko Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Acrosome Reaction ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Cynops Pyrrhogaster ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Voltage Dependent ◽  
Egg Jelly ◽  
High Level ◽  
Sequential Gating ◽  
Ca2 Channels

SummaryInitiation of sperm motility in urodeles, which is induced by a sperm motility-initiating substance (SMIS) in the sequestered granules on the surface of egg jelly, is mediated by the acrosome reaction (AR), which is triggered by an AR-inducing substance (ARIS) on a sheet-like structure. Details of the unique process of the interaction between egg jelly and sperm in these species is still unclear. The current study showed the fine structure of egg jelly in the newt Cynops pyrrhogaster, a urodele species, revealing that its outer surface was covered by a sheet-like structure of approximately 0.29 μm in thickness. Granules of approximately 2 μm in diameter with small particles of approximately 54 nm were attached to its surface and distributed inhomogeneously just beneath the sheet-like structure. Emission spectrometry revealed that the Ca2+ concentration was maintained at a high level compared with that of the blood plasma and the vas deferens fluid, suggesting that egg jelly is a reliable source of Ca2+ for the sperm–egg interaction. Blockers of the T-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel (VDCC), but not the L-type VDCC, inhibited both AR and initiation of sperm motility. Conversely, Ni+, which affects the α1 H subunit of T-type VDCC, only inhibited the initiation of sperm motility. These data suggest that, in response to ARIS and SMIS, sequential gating of distinct Ca2+ channels occurs in the AR, followed by the initiation of sperm motility on the surface of the egg jelly in C. pyrrhogaster at fertilization.

Arrangement of Mitochondria in Spermatozoa of the Mexican Axolotl, Ambystoma Mexicanum

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 626-627
Author(s):  
Ezzatollah Keyhani ◽  
Larry F. Lemanski ◽  
Sharon L. Lemanski
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Ambystoma Mexicanum ◽  
Axial Filament ◽  
Mexican Axolotl ◽  
Middle Piece

Energy for sperm motility is provided by both glycolytic and respiratory pathways. Mitochondria are involved in the latter pathway and conserve energy of substrate oxidation by coupling to phosphorylation. During spermatogenesis, the mitochondria undergo extensive transformation which in many species leads to the formation of a nebemkem. The nebemkem subsequently forms into a helix around the axial filament complex in the middle piece of spermatozoa.Immature spermatozoa of axolotls contain numerous small spherical mitochondria which are randomly distributed throughout the cytoplasm (Fig. 1). As maturation progresses, the mitochondria appear to migrate to the middle piece region where they become tightly packed to form a crystalline-like sheath. The cytoplasm in this region is no longer abundant (Fig. 2) and the plasma membrane is now closely apposed to the outside of the mitochondrial layer.

Kriopreservasi Semen Kambing Boer dengan Konsentrasi Pengencer Nira Aren dan Gliserol Berbeda

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Muhammad Riyadhi ◽  
Anis Wahdi ◽  
Muhammad Rizal
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Boer Goat ◽  
Palm Juice ◽  
Sperm Membrane ◽  
Live Sperm

ABSTRAK                                                                        Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas nira aren sebagai pengencer alternatif dalam proses pembekuan (kriopreservasi) semen kambing boer.Kriopreservasi semen kambing boer menggunakan pengencer tris-gliserol-kuning telur (P1 73-7-20%), nira aren-gliseol-kuning telur(masing-masing P2 74-6-20%, P3 73-7-20%, dan P4 72-8-20%) dan andromed (P5 tanpa mengandung kuning telur dan gliserol). Parameter evaluasi meliputi motilitas, viabilitas, dan membrane plasma utuh setelah pengenceran, ekuilibrasi dan thawing.  Evaluasi motilitas pasca thawing menunjukkan P5 52% berbeda nyata (P<0.05) dengan P1 42%, selanjutnya P5 dan P1 berbeda sangat nyata (P<0.05) dengan P2 8%, P3 6% dan P4 12%.  Viabilitas pasca thawing menunjukkan P5 65,4% tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) dengan P1 61,8%, akan tetapi P5 dan P1 berbeda sangat nyata (P<0.05) dengan P2 26,2%, P3 29,8%, dan P4 34%.  Membran plasma utuh (MPU) pasca thawing menunjukkan P5 66,2% tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05) dengan P1 65,4%, akan tetapi keduanya berbeda sangat nyata (P<0.05) dengan P2 39%, P3 38%, dan P4 36,2%.  Disimpulkan kriopreservasi semen kambing boer dengan pengencer nira aren dan gliserol pada konsentrasi berbeda belum dapat dipergunakan sebagai sumber bibit berdasarkan standar nasional Indonesia.Kata Kunci : Kambing boer, semen, nira arenABSTRACTThe experiment was conducted to determine the effect of sugar palm juice as alternative extender for cryopreservation process of boer semen.Tris-glycerol-egg yolk (P1 73-7-20%), Sugar palm juice-glyserol-egg yolk (P2 74-6-20%, P373-7-20%, dan P4 72-8-20%), and andromed (P5) used as a extender  in the cryopreservation process of boer semen.  Sperm motility (%), live sperm (%) and sperm membrane integrity (%) were recorded after diluted, equilibration and freeze-thawing.  Result of post thawing motility showed that P5 52% was significantly different (P <0.05) with P1 42%, then P5 and P1 were significantly different (P <0.05) with P2 8%, P3 6% and P4 12%. Viability after thawing showed P5 65.4% was not significantly different (P> 0.05) with P1 61.8%, but P5 and P1 significantly different (P <0.05) with P2 26.2%, P3 29.8 %, and P4 34%. Spermmembrane integrity post-thawing showed P5 66.2% was not significantly different (P> 0.05) with P1 65.4%, but both were very significantly different (P <0.05) with P2 39%, P3 38% and P4 36.2%. Conclusions, sugar palm juice-glycerol-egg yolk with differentconcentrationsineffectively as an alternative extenderin cryopreservation of boer semen.Keywords: boer goat, semen, sugar palm juice

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