scholarly journals Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Model for Seismic Vulnerability Assessment (SVA) of Urban Residential Buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Alizadeh ◽  
Mazlan Hashim ◽  
Esmaeil Alizadeh ◽  
Himan Shahabi ◽  
Mohammad Karami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
The North ◽  
Tabriz City

Earthquakes are among the most catastrophic natural geo-hazards worldwide and endanger numerous lives annually. Therefore, it is vital to evaluate seismic vulnerability beforehand to decrease future fatalities. The aim of this research is to assess the seismic vulnerability of residential houses in an urban region on the basis of the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model, including the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and geographical information system (GIS). Tabriz city located adjacent to the North Tabriz Fault (NTF) in North-West Iran was selected as a case study. The NTF is one of the major seismogenic faults in the north-western part of Iran. First, several parameters such as distance to fault, percent of slope, and geology layers were used to develop a geotechnical map. In addition, the structural construction materials, building materials, size of building blocks, quality of buildings and buildings-floors were used as key factors impacting on the building’s structural vulnerability in residential areas. Subsequently, the AHP technique was adopted to measure the priority ranking, criteria weight (layers), and alternatives (classes) of every criterion through pair-wise comparison at all levels. Lastly, the layers of geotechnical and spatial structures were superimposed to design the seismic vulnerability map of buildings in the residential area of Tabriz city. The results showed that South and Southeast areas of Tabriz city exhibit low to moderate vulnerability, while some regions of the north-eastern area are under severe vulnerability conditions. In conclusion, the suggested approach offers a practical and effective evaluation of Seismic Vulnerability Assessment (SVA) and provides valuable information that could assist urban planners during mitigation and preparatory phases of less examined areas in many other regions around the world.

scholarly journals A NOVEL APPROACH TO SUPPORT MAJORITY VOTING IN SPATIAL GROUP MCDM USING DENSITY INDUCED OWA OPERATOR FOR SEISMIC VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT

2014 ◽  
Vol XL-2/W3 ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Moradi ◽  
M. R. Delavar ◽  
B. Moshiri ◽  
F. Khamespanah
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Majority Voting ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment

Being one of the most frightening disasters, earthquakes frequently cause huge damages to buildings, facilities and human beings. Although the prediction of characteristics of an earthquake seems to be impossible, its loss and damage is predictable in advance. Seismic loss estimation models tend to evaluate the extent to which the urban areas are vulnerable to earthquakes. Many factors contribute to the vulnerability of urban areas against earthquakes including age and height of buildings, the quality of the materials, the density of population and the location of flammable facilities. Therefore, seismic vulnerability assessment is a multi-criteria problem. A number of multi criteria decision making models have been proposed based on a single expert. The main objective of this paper is to propose a model which facilitates group multi criteria decision making based on the concept of majority voting. The main idea of majority voting is providing a computational tool to measure the degree to which different experts support each other’s opinions and make a decision regarding this measure. The applicability of this model is examined in Tehran metropolitan area which is located in a seismically active region. The results indicate that neglecting the experts which get lower degrees of support from others enables the decision makers to avoid the extreme strategies. Moreover, a computational method is proposed to calculate the degree of optimism in the experts’ opinions.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of MCDM Methods Integrated with Rapid Visual Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Existing RC Structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Harirchian ◽  
Kirti Jadhav ◽  
Kifaytullah Mohammad ◽  
Seyed Ehsan Aghakouchaki Hosseini ◽  
Tom Lahmer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Rc Structures ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Rapid Visual Screening

Recently, the demand for residence and usage of urban infrastructure has been increased, thereby resulting in the elevation of risk levels of human lives over natural calamities. The occupancy demand has rapidly increased the construction rate, whereas the inadequate design of structures prone to more vulnerability. Buildings constructed before the development of seismic codes have an additional susceptibility to earthquake vibrations. The structural collapse causes an economic loss as well as setbacks for human lives. An application of different theoretical methods to analyze the structural behavior is expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, introducing a rapid vulnerability assessment method to check structural performances is necessary for future developments. The process, as mentioned earlier, is known as Rapid Visual Screening (RVS). This technique has been generated to identify, inventory, and screen structures that are potentially hazardous. Sometimes, poor construction quality does not provide some of the required parameters; in this case, the RVS process turns into a tedious scenario. Hence, to tackle such a situation, multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods for the seismic vulnerability assessment opens a new gateway. The different parameters required by RVS can be taken in MCDM. MCDM evaluates multiple conflicting criteria in decision making in several fields. This paper has aimed to bridge the gap between RVS and MCDM. Furthermore, to define the correlation between these techniques, implementation of the methodologies from Indian, Turkish, and Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) codes has been done. The effects of seismic vulnerability of structures have been observed and compared.

A Simplified Method for Preliminary Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Existing Building in Kundasang, Sabah, Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ghafar ◽  
N. Ramly ◽  
M. Alel ◽  
Azlan Adnan ◽  
Edy Tonnizam Mohamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Government School ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
Building Inventory ◽  
Simplified Method

A simplified method for preliminary seismic vulnerability assessment of existing building in particular area of Kundasang, Sabah Malaysia region is proposed. The surveys are mainly focused on building inventory such as identifying the building occupancy, building type and the storey number of buildings for study area. Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) can be effectively used to evaluate the vulnerability of large number of buildings for study area with less computational effort. The data collection form of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA 154) for RVS was gathered for this purpose. The objective of this study is to assess the vulnerable building that tendency to be further detailed analysis by the calculation of score in RVS method. Pre-assessment towards seismic vulnerability of every individual building in particular area has been assessed and the information of buildings in study region consist residential, industrial, government, school building occupancies were recorded and spatially analyzed using Geographical Information System (GIS) framework. Buildings in Kundasang are considered as less further evaluation (34%) which need have detailed analysis by modeling the structure, while another 66% considered as safe building based on rapid visual final score.

scholarly journals INTEGRATED ESTIMATION OF SEISMIC PHYSICAL VULNERABILITY OF TEHRAN USING RULE BASED GRANULAR COMPUTING

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-3/W3 ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sheikhian ◽  
M. R. Delavar ◽  
A. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Granular Computing ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Seismic Intensity ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Physical Vulnerability ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
The North ◽  
Prone Area

Tehran, the capital of Iran, is surrounded by the North Tehran fault, the Mosha fault and the Rey fault. This exposes the city to possibly huge earthquakes followed by dramatic human loss and physical damage, in particular as it contains a large number of non-standard constructions and aged buildings. Estimation of the likely consequences of an earthquake facilitates mitigation of these losses. Mitigation of the earthquake fatalities may be achieved by promoting awareness of earthquake vulnerability and implementation of seismic vulnerability reduction measures. In this research, granular computing using generality and absolute support for rule extraction is applied. It uses coverage and entropy for rule prioritization. These rules are combined to form a granule tree that shows the order and relation of the extracted rules. In this way the seismic physical vulnerability is assessed, integrating the effects of the three major known faults. Effective parameters considered in the physical seismic vulnerability assessment are slope, seismic intensity, height and age of the buildings. Experts were asked to predict seismic vulnerability for 100 randomly selected samples among more than 3000 statistical units in Tehran. The integrated experts’ point of views serve as input into granular computing. Non-redundant covering rules preserve the consistency in the model, which resulted in 84% accuracy in the seismic vulnerability assessment based on the validation of the predicted test data against expected vulnerability degree. The study concluded that granular computing is a useful method to assess the effects of earthquakes in an earthquake prone area.

scholarly journals EARTHQUAKE VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT FOR HOSPITAL BUILDINGS USING A GIS-BASED GROUP MULTI CRITERIA DECISION MAKING APPROACH: A CASE STUDY OF TEHRAN, IRAN

2015 ◽  
Vol XL-1-W5 ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Delavar ◽  
M. Moradi ◽  
B. Moshiri
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Earthquake Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerability Maps ◽  
Decision Making Model

Nowadays, urban areas are threatened by a number of natural hazards such as flood, landslide and earthquake. They can cause huge damages to buildings and human beings which necessitates disaster mitigation and preparation. One of the most important steps in disaster management is to understand all impacts and effects of disaster on urban facilities. Given that hospitals take care of vulnerable people reaction of hospital buildings against earthquake is vital. In this research, the vulnerability of hospital buildings against earthquake is analysed. The vulnerability of buildings is related to a number of criteria including age of building, number of floors, the quality of materials and intensity of the earthquake. Therefore, the problem of seismic vulnerability assessment is a multi-criteria assessment problem and multi criteria decision making methods can be used to address the problem. In this paper a group multi criteria decision making model is applied because using only one expert’s judgments can cause biased vulnerability maps. Sugeno integral which is able to take into account the interaction among criteria is employed to assess the vulnerability degree of buildings. Fuzzy capacities which are similar to layer weights in weighted linear averaging operator are calculated using particle swarm optimization. Then, calculated fuzzy capacities are included into the model to compute a vulnerability degree for each hospital.

scholarly journals Seismic Vulnerability Assessment using Numerical Simulation for a Residential Buildings – A Case study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Mehjebin ◽  
Santhi A.S ◽  
Ganapathy Pattukandan Ganapathy
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Shear Wall ◽  
Static Force ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Ground Floor ◽  
Soft Storey

Abstract Seismic vulnerability assessment of an existing building is of high importance for ensuring the safety of the structure and the occupants. An earthquake may not be predictable but seismic performance of a structure can be well- predicted in advance which aids in deciding the correct retrofit technique for a building ensuring the safety of the occupants. A RC building situated in the seismic zone III region of Vellore, Tamil Nadu has been taken into consideration for analysing its seismic vulnerability. The region is yet to catch engineering attention for evaluation of seismic performance of such buildings. With the help of the nearest fault line data, the PGA value was calculated and the value suggested moderate potential damage. The RVS score of the building was categorised in the high probability of Grade Damage 3 i.e. structural damage in moderate range and non-structural damage in heavy range. A detailed numerical analysis was carried out in ETABS using equivalent static force method to simulate the earthquake forces in the structure. Although a dynamic method of analysis considers higher magnitude of earthquake forces based on a more realistic earthquake excitation, equivalent static force analysis is sufficient for a preliminary analysis of the building. The building having a soft storey in the ground floor showed variations in its behaviour on application of earthquake forces in four different case scenarios of shear wall application. The maximum storey drifts were then compared for the building in cases of existing soft storey and with the application of shear wall in the ground floor, staircase walls and with a combination of shear wall in both the locations. The results showed that shear wall in the staircase proved to be the most economical retrofit solution for the building.

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