scholarly journals Health-Related Fitness Levels among Title I Elementary School Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7778
Author(s):  
Taemin Ha ◽  
Jongho Moon ◽  
Brian Dauenhauer ◽  
Jennifer Krause ◽  
Jaimie McMullen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Title I ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
School Students ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Fitness ◽  
Fitness Levels

Over the past few decades, studies have emphasized improving children’s health by increasing health-related fitness levels. Despite the known benefits of health-related fitness in youth, studies have also highlighted a lack of physical activity opportunities for children living in low-income households. The purpose of this study was to investigate the health-related fitness levels of students attending Title I (low-income) elementary schools. A total of 77 elementary students (50.6% female; Mage = 10.0, SD = 0.827) from two Title I elementary schools in the western United States completed the FitnessGram assessments of aerobic capacity, muscular strength and endurance, and flexibility. Descriptive statistics were used to identify the number of students in the Healthy Fitness Zone (HFZ) based upon the FitnessGram HFZ Performance Standards. Less than 17% of students achieved the HFZ for aerobic capacity and only 31.2% achieved the HFZ for upper body strength and endurance. Students performed better for abdominal strength and endurance and flexibility with 55.8% and 68.8% achieving the HFZ, respectively. The results of this study offer insights into the health-related fitness levels of a unique population, students attending Title I schools. School health professionals, including physical education teachers, need to be aware of existing disparities and make efforts to systematically intervene.

scholarly journals Fitness knowledge, cardiorespiratory endurance and body composition of high school students

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Skip M. Williams ◽  
Dan Phelps ◽  
Kelly R. Laurson ◽  
David Q. Thomas ◽  
Dale D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
School Students ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Exam Scores ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Summary Study aim: The purpose of this study was to determine if high school physical education seniors’ health-related fitness knowledge is related to their aerobic capacity and body composition. Material and methods: The FitSmart test assessed students (n = 171) health-related fitness knowledge. Aerobic capacity was calculated based on the students PACER score. Body Composition was measured using the Tanita TBF 300A body composition analyzer. Results: Aerobic fitness was a statistically significant predictor of exam score (β = 0.563, p < 0.001), but percent body fat was not (β = 0.185, p =0.074). Comparing the health-related fitness exam scores by the FITNESSGRAM classification system, students who were classified as Very Lean and High Risk for body composition had lower exam scores than those classified in the healthy fitness zone. Conclusions: The results confirmed previous findings that students have inadequate health-related fitness knowledge. Furthermore, the study extends these findings by identifying some associations of percent body fat and estimated VO2max to health-related fitness knowledge.

Relationships Among Middle School Students’ Expectancy Beliefs, Task Values, and Health-Related Fitness Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Chen ◽  
Haichun Sun ◽  
Jun Dai ◽  
Michael Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Eighth Graders ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
School Students ◽  
Expectancy Value ◽  
Task Values ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Health Related Fitness ◽  
Fitness Levels

Purpose:The purpose of the study was to identify gender and body weight differences in Chinese adolescents’ perceived expectancy value (EV) motivation in their physical education (PE) class. The study also explored the relationship between EV and adolescents’ health-related fitness performances.Method:A group of seventh and eighth graders (N = 224) from China were measured on EV toward PE as well as health-related fitness levels. A two-way MANOVA test was used to examine gender and body weight differences in EV motivations. Several two-step hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between EV motivation and various fitness performances while controlling for the effects of gender and body weight.Results:Boys had higher expectancy beliefs and perceived their PE class as more interesting, useful, and important than girls did. Compared with overweight/obese students, students in the healthy weight group reported higher expectancy beliefs. When the effects of gender and body weight were accounted for, expectancy beliefs were the only reliable predictor influencing adolescents’ cardiorespiratory as well as muscular strength/endurance fitness levels.Discussion/Conclusion:Physical educators should use various teaching strategies to enhance students’ expectancy beliefs and task values. This is especially important for female students and overweight/obese students.

Gender- and school-level correlates of growth in health-related fitness knowledge among US high-school students

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 927-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xihe Zhu ◽  
Justin A Haegele
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Model ◽  
School Level ◽  
Student Health ◽  
School Students ◽  
Knowledge Growth ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Objective: Health-related fitness knowledge holds the potential for physical activity and behavioural changes. The purpose of this retrospective longitudinal study with retrospective data was (a) to examine high-school students’ health-related fitness knowledge growth through the 9th, 10th and 11th grades under one curriculum condition and (b) to examine gender- and school-level correlates of students’ health-related fitness knowledge and its rate of growth. Method: This study used existing data collected by school districts as they implemented the curriculum. Participants were students ( n = 9,883, 49.4% girls) from 40 high schools following the same curriculum. Health-related fitness knowledge performance was assessed annually for 3 years using an online platform. Potential student- and school-level correlates were collected. A three-level hierarchical linear model was used to examine student health-related fitness knowledge growth and its relation to gender- and school-level correlates. Results: The results showed that high-school student health-related fitness knowledge growth was linear during the 3-year period, with an estimated growth rate of 9.14 ± 1.40% per year under the curriculum condition. Girl students had a higher growth rate than boys, holding other factors constant. Other school-level variables were not significant predictors of health-related fitness knowledge. Conclusion: Overall, the curriculum context was conducive to student health-related knowledge growth. The different knowledge growth rate between boys and girls was a possible reason for gender discrepancy at the 11th grade.

Health-Related Physical Fitness Levels of Elementary School Children Ages 5–9

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly R. Lehnhard ◽  
Robert A. Lehnhard ◽  
Stephen A. Butterfield ◽  
Donna M. Beckwith ◽  
Scott F. Marion
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Students ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Public School Students ◽  
Health Goals ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The One ◽  
Fitness Levels

National health goals include an increase in the physical activity and physical fitness of school-age children by the year 2000. To assess current fitness levels in the state of Maine, more than 8,000 public school students, ages five through nine, were assessed using a nationally known (American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance) health-related physical fitness test. Maine students were then compared with a national norm group on (1) the one-mile walk/run (minutes:seconds), (2) skinfold thickness (centimeters), (3) one-minute timed sit-ups (number performed correctly), and (4) the sit and reach test for flexibility (centimeters). Generally, Maine boys and girls scored higher than the norms on the sit-up, sit and reach, and one-mile walk/run; however, they had significantly larger skinfold thicknesses. Implications for assessment of health-related fitness in this age group were discussed.

Advancing the physical activity curriculum at the collegiate level

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley (BJ) Warren ◽  
Eleanor Odenheimer Brin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
College Courses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
College Course ◽  
Collegiate Level ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Fitness And Health ◽  
Health Related Fitness ◽  
Fitness Levels

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess college students’ pre- and post- health-related, fitness levels, as determined by the American College of Sports Medicine’s (ACSM) five components of fitness, in a one-credit, graded college course and to objectively measure any differences between those pre- and post- health-related fitness levels. Design/methodology/approach In a field setting, the investigators conducted health-related, fitness assessments using the ACSM validated protocols. In addition, descriptive statistics were collected including demographic information, such as, age and sex. Findings Paired-sample t tests were used to calculate the pre- and post-test scores for six fitness- and health-related categories across four semesters. There were statistically significant (p<0.001) improvements in six different areas in each of the four semesters with the exception of the resting heart rate and VO2 Max measurements in the fall semester of 2014. Originality/value This study builds upon the current body of work tracking trends in physical activity, college courses. The results answer health promotion scientists’ call for more research on the implementation and evaluation of programmatic interventions (Domitrovich and Greendberg, 2000; Durlack, 1998; Durlak and DuPre, 2008) “in real-world settings in order to understand if and how an intervention works” (Søvik et al., 2016, p. 238). This results in addressing a research gap in assessing the effectiveness of physical activity courses in higher education (Keating et al., 2005).

scholarly journals Effect of a 12-Week Summer Break on School Day Physical Activity and Health-Related Fitness in Low-Income Children from CSPAP Schools

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
You Fu ◽  
Timothy A. Brusseau ◽  
James C. Hannon ◽  
Ryan D. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Spring Semester ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Low Income Children ◽  
Cardiovascular Endurance ◽  
School Day ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Background. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 12-week summer break on school day physical activity and health-related fitness (HRF) in children from schools receiving a Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (CSPAP). Methods. Participants were school-aged children (N=1,232; 624 girls and 608 boys; mean age=9.5±1.8 years) recruited from three low-income schools receiving a CSPAP. Physical activity and HRF levels were collected during the end of spring semester 2015 and again during the beginning of fall semester 2015. Physical activity was assessed using the Yamax DigiWalker CW600 pedometer. HRF measures consisted of body mass index (BMI) and the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER). Results. Results from a doubly MANCOVA analysis indicated that pedometer step counts decreased from 4,929 steps in the spring to 4,445 steps in the fall (mean difference = 484 steps; P<0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.30) and PACER laps decreased from 31.2 laps in the spring to 25.8 laps in the fall (mean difference = 5.4 laps; P<0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.33). Conclusions. Children from schools receiving a CSPAP intervention had lower levels of school day physical activity and cardiorespiratory endurance following a 12-week summer break.

scholarly journals Effects of Health-Related Fitness Model to Improve Physical Fitness and Physical Activity in Vocational High School Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 654-660
Author(s):  
Sheila Dwi Loviani ◽  
Yudha Munajat Saputra ◽  
Nurlan Kusmaedi‪ ◽  
Hamidie Ronald Daniel Ray ◽  
Lutfi Nur‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Related Fitness

scholarly journals Children with Poor Motor Skills Have Lower Health-Related Fitness Compared to Typically Developing Children

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 867
Author(s):  
Marisja Denysschen ◽  
Dané Coetzee ◽  
Bouwien C. M. Smits-Engelsman
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
North West ◽  
North West Province ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Lower Health ◽  
Health Related Fitness

Most of the current empirical evidence regarding the relationship between health-related fitness and level of motor performance is based on children from high-income countries. Yet, children from low-resource areas may have fewer opportunities to develop their fitness skills. The aim of the study was to determine if South African children from both low- and middle-income areas scoring below the 16th percentile on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (probable-Developmental Coordination Disorder (p-DCD)) have lower health-related fitness levels than typically developing (TD) children. We hypothesized that children with p-DCD would have lower overall health-related fitness than TD children. A sample of 146 participants aged 10 to 11 (10.05 years (SD = 0.41)) was collected from schools in the North West Province of South Africa, on the basis of their poverty classification. Children were tested for anaerobic capacity and strength using the Bruininks–Oseretsky test of motor proficiency second edition (BOT-2) and aerobic capacity using the Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER). Body composition was evaluated using body mass index corrected for age and sex (BMI-z), body fat (BF), and waist circumference. The data was analyzed using Spearman correlations and chi-squared tests. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between groups for running and agility, strength, and aerobic capacity. No significant differences were found between p-DCD and TD groups in terms of body mass (36.1 kg vs. 33.3 kg), waist circumference (62.2 cm vs. 59.8 cm), BMI-z (19.7 vs. 17.6), and fat percentage (20.2 vs. 18.1%). Overweight and obesity prevalence was 15% in those with low socio-economic status (SES) and 27% in high SES. In conclusion, children with p-DCD had lower muscular strength, aerobic capacity, and endurance than TD children. Although it has been reported that children with p-DCD have a higher risk for overweight/obesity than TD children, this is not (yet) the case in 10–11-year-old children living in rural areas in South Africa (North West Province).

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