scholarly journals Evaluation of Fecal Coliform Prevalence and Physicochemical Indicators in the Effluent from a Wastewater Treatment Plant in the North-West Province, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stenly Makuwa ◽  
Matsobane Tlou ◽  
Elvis Fosso-Kankeu ◽  
Ezekiel Green
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Regulatory Standards ◽  
Final Effluent

Compliance of the effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to the regulatory standards, which mostly entail the removal/reduction of organic waste and deactivation of the potential microbial pathogens is of great importance. The detection of indicator parameters can be used to determine the effectiveness of a WWTP and the level of compliance with the South African regulatory standards. The performance of the WWTP was assessed by biological, physical and chemical measures in wastewater final effluent. The Escherichia coli ranged from 0 and 2420 count/100 mL in the final effluent. The recorded values for the physicochemical parameters were within the following ranges: pH (7.03–8.49), electrical conductivity (81.63–126.5 mS/m), suspended solids (0.40–20.4 mg/L), ammonia (0–22.15 mg/L), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) (1–73 mg/L), nitrate (0–16.1 mg/L), ortho-phosphate (0–8.58 mg/L) and free chlorine (0–3.21 mg/L). Furthermore, the concentration of toxic heavy metals was recorded to be between 1–10 ug/L for arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury. In conclusion, all the parameters that were evaluated in this study indicate that the studied WWTP is performing in accordance with the prescribed general limits.

Parasite contamination of liquid sludge from urban wastewater treatment plants

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Schwartzbrod ◽  
S. Banas
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Nematode Eggs ◽  
Low Charge ◽  
Urban Wastewater Treatment

This study was performed on sludge samples from 20 wastewater treatment plants located in the north west of France with capacities of 1,000-20,000 inhabitant equivalents. The types of treatment studied were activated sludge low charge with and without denitrification. Respectively, 110 samples of fresh sludge and 84 samples of discharged sludge for spreading were analysed. Globally 78.6% of samples contained helminth eggs belonging to the cestodes (6.1%) and nematodes (93.9%). Most of the nematode eggs detected were viable with 135 positive samples. The distribution, according to genera, indicated a high prevalence of Toxocara eggs (77.4%) followed by Capillaria (13.2%), Trichuris (8.1%) and Ascaris (1.3%). For viable nematode eggs, the concentrations detected ranged from <1 to 28/4 gDM for fresh sludge and from <1 to 9.6/4 gDM for discharged sludge.

scholarly journals Initiating Biodegradation of Polyvinylpyrrolidone in an Aqueous Aerobic Environment: Technical Note / Zainicjowanie Biodegradacji Poliwinylopirolidonu W Środowisku Wodno-Tlenowym: Notatki Techniczne

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marketa Julinova ◽  
Jan Kupec ◽  
Roman Slavik ◽  
Maria Vaskova
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Aerobic Biodegradation ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Abstract A synthetic polymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP - E 1201) primarily finds applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries due to its resistance and zero toxicity to organisms. After ingestion, the substance passes through the organism unchanged. Consequently, it enters the systems of municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) without decomposing biologically during the waste treatment process, nor does it attach (through sorption) to particles of activated sludge to any significant extent, therefore, it passes through the system of a WWTP, which may cause the substance to accumulate in the natural environment. For this reason the paper investigates the potential to initiate aerobic biodegradation of PVP in the presence of activated sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The following agents were selected as the initiators of the biodegradation process - co-substrates: acrylamide, N-acethylphenylalanine and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, a substance with a similar structure to PVP monomer. The biodegradability of PVP in the presence of co-substrates was evaluated on the basis of biological oxygen demand (BOD) as determined via a MicroOxymax O2/CO2/CH4 respirometer. The total substrate concentration in the suspension equaled 400 mg·dm-3, with the ratio between PVP and the cosubstrate being 1:1, while the concentration of the dry activated sludge was 500 mg·dm-3. Even though there was no occurrence of a significant increase in the biodegradation of PVP alone in the presence of a co-substrate, acrylamide appeared to be the most effective type of co-substrate. Nevertheless, a recorded decrease in the slope of biodegradation curves over time may indicate that a process of primary decomposition was underway, which involves the production of metabolites that inhibit activated sludge microorganisms. The resulting products are not identified at this stage of experimentation.

scholarly journals Identification of Selected Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Two Different Wastewater Treatment Plant Systems in Poland: A Preliminary Study

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Pazda ◽  
Magda Rybicka ◽  
Stefan Stolte ◽  
Krzysztof Piotr Bielawski ◽  
Piotr Stepnowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Final Effluent

Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem worldwide. The emergence and rapid spread of antibiotic resistance determinants have led to an increasing concern about the potential environmental and public health endangering. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play an important role in this phenomenon since antibacterial drugs introduced into wastewater can exert a selection pressure on antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Therefore, WWTPs are perceived as the main sources of antibiotics, ARB and ARG spread in various environmental components. Furthermore, technological processes used in WWTPs and its exploitation conditions may influence the effectiveness of antibiotic resistance determinants’ elimination. The main aim of the present study was to compare the occurrence of selected tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance genes in raw influent and final effluent samples from two WWTPs different in terms of size and applied biological wastewater treatment processes (conventional activated sludge (AS)-based and combining a conventional AS-based method with constructed wetlands (CWs)). All 13 selected ARGs were detected in raw influent and final effluent samples from both WWTPs. Significant ARG enrichment, especially for tet(B, K, L, O) and sulIII genes, was observed in conventional WWTP. The obtained data did not show a clear trend in seasonal fluctuations in the abundance of selected resistance genes in wastewaters.

Comparative studies on the differently operated trains of the North-Budapest Wastewater Treatment Plant

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 1801-1808 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jobbágy ◽  
Gy. Palkó ◽  
T. Weinpel ◽  
M. Makó
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
The North ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Aeration Process

In order to reduce the pollution load of the Danube, the North-Budapest Wastewater Treatment Plant has been upgraded to enhanced nitrogen removal by establishing a new activated sludge treatment line and modifying the existing unit for nitrification and denitrification. As both the influent flow rate and the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and total suspended solids (TSS) concentration levels remained far below the design values, setting one fourth of the reactor volume out of operation in the Old Line, and operating the nitrification reactor of the New Line with part-time aeration proved to be possible. Analytical data as well as simulation studies supported the advantage of the intermittent-aeration process in efficient N-removal. However, the lengths of the aerated periods have to be increased with decreasing temperature, and thereby effluent total nitrogen (TN) concentration can increase due to decreasing denitrification efficiency. Potential occurrence of low-dissolved oxygen (DO) bulking should be hindered through applying an efficient anoxic selector system.

scholarly journals The Romanian Map of Organic Pollution from Domestic Wastewaters � Seasonal Variations of Anionic Surfactants And Organic Load (COD)

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
Daniel Mitru ◽  
Gheorghe Nechifor ◽  
Stefania Gheorghe ◽  
Iuliana Paun ◽  
Lucian Ionescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anionic Surfactants ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
North West ◽  
North East

Surfactants represent the major class of chemicals used in the composition of detergents where the predominant groups are anionic surfactants. Because of the large utilization of detergents in different activities (agricultural, industrial, domestic) an important amount of surfactants can accumulate in the domestic and industrial wastewaters, that are discarded to wastewater-treatment plants (WWTP). Furthermore, surfactants could affect the process of biological wastewater treatment due the inhibition of activated sludge and subsequently the water bodies quality through discharge of WWTPs` effluents. In addition, the soil quality decreased through various modes of sludge applied. The concentrations of organic matters discharged in the wastewater systems from Romania have raised the attention of environmental authorities regarding the toxic impact of their components such as anionic surfactants on the environment. The present paper proposed to highlight the background of organic pollution from Romania through the monitoring of the organics amount in water by Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and by the specific indicator � Anionic Surfactants (AS). Temporal (winter, spring and summer, 2019) and spatial (six areas: West, North-West, North-East, East, South and South-West) monitoring of organic matter was performed. It has been found that the spatial and temporal variation of AS concentrations were well correlated with COD load, leading to the conclusion that surfactants represented an important part of the global organic matter.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical investigation of wastewater from the Sebdou-Tlemcen textile complex North-West Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
Asma Khelassi- Sefaoui ◽  
Abderrahmane Khechekhouche ◽  
Manel Zaoui-Djelloul Daouadji ◽  
Hamza Idrici
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
North West ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
West Algeria

Wastewater treatment is a process used in several countries, particularly in Algeria. A study on Earth for one month was carried out at the sewage plant of the Sebdou textile complex, Tlemcen, north-west of Algeria. Regular samples gave average values at the outlet such that the water temperature is 22 ° C, the ph 7.43, the biochemical oxygen demand BOD5 is 36.5 mg / l, the chemical oxygen demand COD vary between 100 and 200 mg / l at the exit of the WWTP mg / l and finally suspended solids SS is of the order of 36.2 mg / l. All these values conform with the standards and therefore the treatment plant operates within Algerian standards.

scholarly journals Prediction of Wastewater Quality at a Wastewater Treatment Plant Inlet Using a System Based on Machine Learning Methods

Processes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Barbara Wodecka ◽  
Jakub Drewnowski ◽  
Anita Białek ◽  
Ewa Łazuka ◽  
Joanna Szulżyk-Cieplak
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Wastewater Quality

One of the important factors determining the biochemical processes in bioreactors is the quality of the wastewater inflow to the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Information on the quality of wastewater, sufficiently in advance, makes it possible to properly select bioreactor settings to obtain optimal process conditions. This paper presents the use of classification models to predict the variability of wastewater quality at the inflow to wastewater treatment plants, the values of which depend only on the amount of inflowing wastewater. The methodology of an expert system to predict selected indicators of wastewater quality at the inflow to the treatment plant (biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, and ammonium nitrogen) on the example of a selected WWTP—Sitkówka Nowiny, was presented. In the considered system concept, a division of the values of measured wastewater quality indices into lower (reduced values of indicators in relation to average), average (typical and most common values), and upper (increased values) were adopted. On the basis of the calculations performed, it was found that the values of the selected wastewater quality indicators can be identified with sufficient accuracy by means of the determined statistical models based on the support vector machines and boosted trees methods.

Wastewater treatment in a company with advanced demands for water quality

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
D. Heinrich
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Modular System ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
The North ◽  
River Elbe ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Separate System

The result of the North Sea Conference 1987 in London was the 50% reduction of dangerous and nutritive substances before 1995. To reach that aim the wastewater treatment plants discharging to the river Elbe were subjected to more severe discharge standards. In our case the company could also use the publicly owned treatment plant of Hamburg and so we were in direct competition with that plant. After several conferences with the client and the water authority we began the planning. The treatment plant also includes removal of nitrogen in the last stage and phosphorus in the biological stage (not only with chemicals). Another difficulty was that only a small area between the dam of the Elbe with a street alongside and the offices was available. So we had to plan a very compact treatment plant. To avoid the emission of odours the plant was completely housed. As in other factories we also had the problem that on weekends and during the holidays very little water is flowing to the plant. The sewage system collected the wastewater in one system and stormwater in another. Since the area is flat, several pumpstations transport the water. So we planned a modular system with sieve screen and three SBR reactors to use it further as cascaded activated sludge tanks with predenitrification and enhanced biological phosphorus removal. The sludge treatment was realized as an aerobic thermophilic process in a separate tank. To improve matters we also installed a computer for process control. The influent concentrations are higher than municipal wastewater which is conditioned by the separate system of transportation without infiltration water. For example COD influent concentrations are about 1500 mg/l, NH4-N about 130 mg/l and total phosphorus Ptot about 17 mg/l. The results we obtained in the plant are presented in this paper.

Performance evaluation of anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) treating pulp and paper wastewater in start-up period

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolghasem Alighardashi ◽  
Meghdad Modanlou ◽  
Shervin Jamshidi
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Anaerobic Baffled Reactor ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Paper Wastewater

This essay outlines the use of an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) treating pulp and paper wastewater during its start-up period. For this purpose, a pilot with four chambers and overall volume of 45 liters was fed continuously through the equalization tank of Mazandaran wood and paper wastewater treatment plant, in the north of Iran. The influent was classified as low strength slowly biodegradable wastewater. The average soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of the influent were about 1,130 and 320 mg/L, respectively. Results show that the start-up was accomplished in 90 days in which the ABR reached its maximum SCOD removal of 60%. This was achieved at the controlled mesophilic temperature (37 °C) and optimum hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 hours. In spite of the influent characteristics, the performance of ABR has not been inhibited and mostly influenced by HRT. The gradual hydrolysis and acidogenesis were observed within the ABR. The majority of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal takes place in the first chamber. In addition, the concentrations of readily biodegradable organics (BOD to COD ratio) have been increased and doubled through the reactor. Moreover, the total values of pH, volatile fatty acids and alkalinity remained constant. Consequently, this system can be approved for application as a pretreatment unit for paper mill industrial wastewater treatment plants.

scholarly journals Probabilistic modelling and evaluation of wastewater treatment plant upgrades in a water quality based evaluation context

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Benedetti ◽  
Webbey De Keyser ◽  
Ingmar Nopens ◽  
Peter A. Vanrolleghem
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Wwtp Effluent ◽  
Regulatory Standards ◽  
The Eu

Process choice and dimensioning of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is difficult while ensuring regulatory standards are met and cost-efficiency is maintained. This step only accounts for a small fraction of the upfront costs, but can lead to substantial savings. This paper illustrates the results of a systematic methodology to evaluate system upgrade options by means of dynamic modelling. In contrast to conventional practice, the presented approach allows the most appropriate trade-off between cost of measures and effluent quality to be chosen and the reliability of a process layout to be assessed by means of uncertainty analysis. In a hypothetical case study, thirteen WWTP upgrade options are compared in terms of their effluent quality and economic performance. A further comparison of two options with regard to the resulting receiving water quality reveals the paramount importance of this aspect, and highlights the inadequacy of evaluation frameworks limited to the performance relative to a sub-system (WWTP effluent) when a wider perspective (as induced by the EU Water Framework Directive) has to be adopted.

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