scholarly journals Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Semi-Volatile Organic Contaminants in Rural Pond Water of Hebei Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4481
Author(s):  
Lin Liu ◽  
Zhu Rao ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Hamidreza Arandiyan ◽  
Jie Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Hebei Province ◽  
Environmental Media ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Total Cancer

Pond water as surface water has certain environmental impacts on environmental media such as groundwater, lakes, atmosphere, and soil. Organic pollutants present in pond water may pose health risks to humans, but research on organic pollutants in pond water is rare. Here, taking pond water collected in rural areas of Hebei province as the sample, we analyzed and evaluated four categories of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), including 11 phenolic compounds, 7 aniline compounds, 16 parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 14 PAH derivatives, and 16 phthalate esters (PAEs). The results show that the 10 water samples contained 26.2–17034 ng/L of Σ phenols, 33.7–2612 ng/L of Σ anilines, 33.9–1651 ng/L of Σ PAHs, and 59.0–2800 ng/L of Σ PAEs. Furthermore, non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk caused by SVOCs through direct ingestion and dermal exposure were also assessed. The current levels of non-carcinogenic risks and carcinogenic risks through these two means of exposure are within acceptable limits, except for the site 1 and site 5 in Hebei province where a total cancer risk exceeds 10−6. It can be concluded that the pond water studied had a low risk of carcinogenicity to the human.

scholarly journals Gaseous pollutants from a small-scale aerobic biological treatment facility: odor and health risk assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexian Li ◽  
Xinhong Xu ◽  
Fan Lü ◽  
Pinjing He ◽  
Jingjing Fang
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Personal Protection ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Reduced Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Abstract Background Biological treatment technology is good for the recovery of resources and energy from municipal solid waste (MSW) and cutting down biodegradable components in landfill waste. Recently, the aerobic biological treatment of MSW has increased in rural areas of China. These facilities are usually open setup and close to nearby residents, and complaints tend to be received regarding odorous gases. A semi-in-vessel setup facility was built in recent years, and its impact on the environment and personnel is not clear. Results Ammonia was the predominant compound released from the windrow and its concentration was one order of magnitude higher than those of other compounds. Terpenes and reduced sulfur compounds (RSCs) persisted throughout the entire active fermentation process, with only slight decreases. The biofilter pool had a greater odor impact on the surrounding neighborhood than the waste unloading and sorting operation. The concentrations of most compounds were reduced by the biofilter pool. Ten major substances that caused odors at the facility were analyzed, where most comprised RSCs. The odor impact of the facility was low, but it was associated with a carcinogenic risk to the operators, thereby indicating the need to improve personal protection. Conclusions Large amounts of ammonia and volatile organic compounds were released from the composting units, but they had a low odor impact on the environment because of the semi-in-vessel setup. The odor impact of the facility was low but it was associated with a carcinogenic risk to the operators. This technology can be popularized in rural areas.

scholarly journals Gaseous Pollutants From A Small-Scale Aerobic Biological Treatment Facility: Odor And Carcinogenic Risk Assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhong Xu ◽  
Kexian Li ◽  
Fan Lü ◽  
Pinjing He ◽  
Jingjing Fang
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Reduced Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk Assessment

Abstract BACKGROUND: Biological treatment technology is good for the recovery of resources and energy from municipal solid waste (MSW) and cutting down biodegradable components in landfill waste. Recently, the aerobic biological treatment of MSW has increased in rural areas of China. These facilities are usually open setup and closed to nearby residents, and complaints tend to be received regarding odorous gases. A semi-in-vessel setup facility was occured in recent years, and its impact on the environment and personnel is not clear.RESULTS: Ammonia was the predominant compound released from the windrow and its concentration was one order of magnitude higher than those of other compounds. Terpenes and reduced sulfur compounds (RSCs) persisted throughout the entire active fermentation process, with only slight decreases. The biofilter pool had a greater odor impact on the surrounding neighborhood than the waste unloading and sorting operation. The concentrations of most compounds were reduced by the biofilter pool. Ten major substances that caused odors at the periphery of the facility were analyzed, where most comprised RSCs. The odor impact of the facility was low but it was associated with a carcinogenic risk to the operators, thereby indicating the need to improve personal protection.Conclusions: Large amounts of ammonia and volatile organic compounds were released from the composting units, but they had a low odor impact on the environment because of the semi-in-vessel setup. The odor impact of the facility was low but it was associated with a carcinogenic risk to the operators. This technology can be popularized in rural areas.

The Distribution of Volatile Organics in a Leachate Plume, Gloucester, Ontario

1987 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F. Devlin ◽  
W.A. Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Unconfined Aquifer ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Organic Contamination ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Aquifer Systems ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Volatile Organic Contaminants ◽  
Aquifer Sediments

Abstract The Gloucester Landfill is located near Ottawa, Ontario, on a northeast trending ridge of Quaternary age. The ridge comprises outwash sediments which make up two aquifer systems. A confined system exists next to bedrock, and is overlain by a silty-clayey stratum (the confining layer) which is, in turn, overlain by an unconfined aquifer system. Two independent volatile organic plumes have previously been identified at the landfill: the southeast plume, which has penetrated the confined aquifer system, and the northeast plume which is migrating in the unconfined aquifer. The distribution of volatile organic contaminants at the northeast plume site appears to be a function of two factors: (1) heterogeneities in the aquifer sediments are causing the channeling of contaminants through a narrow path; (2) the low fraction of organic carbon in the unconfined aquifer sediments at the northeast site is resulting in little retardation of the contaminants there, relative to those at the southeast site. Acetate was the only volatile fatty acid detected in the leachate. It was measurable only in areas where the volatile organic contamination was significant. Although methane was detected in the contaminated sediments, suggesting that microbial activity was present, the high concentration of acetate (>1000 ppm) which was detected down-gradient from the source area indicates that any biodegradation which is occurring is proceeding at a very slow rate.

Microbiological Detoxification of Hazardous Organic Contaminants: The Crucial Role of Substrate Interactions

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Rittmann
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Information Flow ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Substrate Utilization ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Hazardous Pollutants ◽  
Primary Substrate ◽  
Substrate Types

Microbiological detoxification of hazardous organic pollutants is highly promising, but its reliable implementation requires a sophisticated understanding of several different substrate types and how they interact. This paper carefully defines the substrate types and explains how their interactions affect the bacteria's electron and energy flows, information flow, and degradative activity. For example, primary substrates, which are essential for growth and maintenance of the bacteria, also interact with degradation of specific hazardous pollutants by being inducers, inhibitors, and direct or indirect cosubstrates. The target contaminants, which often are secondary substrates, also have the interactive roles of self-inhibitor, inhibitor of primary-substrate utilization, inducer, and a part of an aggregate primary substrate.

Volatile organic pollutants in biota and sediments of Lake Pontchartrain

1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph B. Ferrario ◽  
George C. Lawler ◽  
Ildefonso R. DeLeon ◽  
John L. Laseter
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Lake Pontchartrain ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Volatile Organic Pollutants

P-296 Examining the link between environmental toxin exposure and uterine leiomyoma: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Sodhi ◽  
L Chan ◽  
R Chow ◽  
I Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Uterine Leiomyoma ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Uterine Fibroids ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Environmental Toxins ◽  
Alkyl Phenols

Abstract Study question Is there an association between exposure to certain environmental toxins and the prevalence of uterine leiomyoma in women? Summary answer Some evidence was obtained to suggest an association between phthalate esters, bisphenol A, heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants and the prevalence of uterine fibroids. What is known already Environmental toxins are naturally occurring, or human made chemicals that can act as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) by binding and activating estrogen receptors in the body. Uterine fibroids, often called leiomyoma are non-cancerous growths occurring in the uterus. Though often asymptomatic, they can cause pain, infertility, pregnancy complications and are a leading cause for hysterectomy. The aetiology of leiomyoma is not fully understood but both estrogen and progesterone have been implicated in their growth. We aimed to investigate the epidemiological evidence for the association between EDCs and the prevalence of fibroids.  Study design, size, duration We undertook a systematic review and in keeping with PRISMA guidelines, a structured search of Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted (to October 2020). Case-control, cross-sectional, cohort and experimental studies were included.  Participants/materials, setting, methods The included studies analyzed the association between one or more toxins and the occurrence, or growth of leiomyoma in humans, including human cell lines. The types of toxins, patient characteristics, association and outcome, body concentration of toxin and confounding variables were extracted and analyzed. Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Main results and the role of chance In total, 34 studies were included. The majority (76%) of studies revealed a significant association between the exposure studied and the prevalence of uterine leiomyoma. In examining body burden in cases vs controls, phthalate esters showed an association with increased odds of uterine leiomyoma, except in one case where a negative association was observed. In vitro experimental studies examining the effect of alkyl-phenols such as bisphenol A (BPA), octylphenol (OP) and nonylphenol (NP) demonstrated that these environmental estrogens can act to promote the proliferation of leiomyoma cells through a number of mechanisms, typically including the estrogen receptor alpha (ERa) signalling pathway. There were conflicting results for the association between alkyl-phenols and fibroids in case-control studies. A positive association between cadmium was demonstrated in only two studies. There were conflicting results for the association between lead, mercury, arsenic and uterine fibroids. Several metabolites of organophosphate esters, alternative plasticizers, and persistent organic pollutants were associated with an increased risk of uterine fibroids.  Limitations, reasons for caution Separating these exposures from the multiple other factors that could affect the outcome of leiomyoma is challenging, but an important issue for future research.  Wider implications of the findings The link between some environmental toxins and uterine fibroids discussed is in agreement with previous literature. However, our review provides a more in depth analysis on specific dosage effects, odds ratios, and potential gene mechanisms of the exposures. This information could contribute to more accurate preventative measures. Trial registration number not applicable

scholarly journals 13C/12C Analysis of Ultra-Trace Amounts of Volatile Organic Contaminants in Groundwater by Vacuum Extraction

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 1023-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena I. F. Amaral ◽  
Michael Berg ◽  
Matthias S. Brennwald ◽  
Markus Hofer ◽  
Rolf Kipfer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Vacuum Extraction ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Volatile Organic Contaminants ◽  
Ultra Trace
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