scholarly journals A Mind Trying to Right/Write Itself: Metaphors in Madness Narratives

Humanities ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Renana Stanger Elran
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Narrative Writing ◽  
Negative Picture ◽  
And Function

This article explores autobiographical madness narratives written by people with lived experience of psychosis, dated from the mid-19th century until the 1970s. The focus of the exploration is on the metaphors used in these narratives in order to communicate how the writers experienced and understood madness from within. Different metaphors of madness, such as going out of one’s mind, madness as an inner beast, another world, or a transformative journey are presented based on several autobiographical books. It is argued that these metaphors often represent madness as the negative picture of what it is to be human, while the narrative writing itself helps to restore a sense of belonging and personhood. The value and function of metaphors in illness and madness narratives is further discussed.

Kontrast und Wissen

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-102
Author(s):  
Robin Rehm
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Edmund Husserl ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
Max Scheler ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Black Circle ◽  
Black Cross ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Function ◽  
The 19Th Century

Kasimir Malewitschs suprematistische Hauptwerke ›Schwarzes Quadrat‹, ›Schwarzer Kreis‹ und ›Schwarzes Kreuz‹ von 1915 setzen sich aus schwarzen Formen auf weißem Grund zusammen. Der Typus des Schwarzweißbildes weist überraschende Parallelen zu den bildlichen Wahrnehmungsinstrumenten auf, die vom ausgehenden 18. bis Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts in den Experimenten der Farbenlehre, physiologischen Optik und Psychologie verwendet worden sind. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht diese Parallelen in drei Schritten: Zunächst erfolgt eine allgemeine Charakterisierung des Schwarzweißbildes mit Hilfe des Kontrastbegriffs von Edmund Husserl. Des weiteren wird die Entstehung und Funktion des schwarzweißen Kontrastbildes in den Wissenschaften des 19. Jahrhunderts typologisch herausgearbeitet. Unter Berücksichtigung des Wissensbegriffs von Max Scheler wird abschließend die Spezifik des Wissens eruiert, das die Schwarzweißbilder sowohl in der Malerei Malewitschs als auch in den genannten Wissenschaften generieren. Malevich’s main Suprematist works, such as ›Black Square‹, ›Black Circle‹, and ›Black Cross‹ from 1915, consist of black shapes on white ground. Surprisingly this series of shapes strongly resembles scientific black-and-white images used for research on colour theory, physiological optics, and psychology throughout the 19th century. This paper examines the parallels between Malevich’s paintings and the scientific drawings in three steps: It first characterizes black-and-white images in general, using Edmund Husserl’s definition of the term ›contrast‹. Secondly, the paper investigates the development and function of black-and-white images as tools of perception in the sciences. It finally discusses the specific knowledge generated through Malevich’s art and through scientific black-and-white images, following Max Scheler’s phenomenological identification of knowledge.

The Crown in National Disguises: The Uses of Monarchy’s Historical Past in Spanish Nation-Building, 1833–1868

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
David San Narciso
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
General Process ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Historical Past ◽  
Vast Range

Abstract The competing ideologies of nation and monarchy had a troubled beginning in the 19th century, insomuch as they derived partly from two opposing sources of legitimacy. However, from the 1830s on, their supporters achieved the establishment of an interspecific and mutually advantageous relationship. The nation gradually managed to prevail over the monarchy, justifying its presence in national terms. However, the monarchy possessed something longed for by liberal nationalists: historical legitimacy. Thus, the crown served Romantic nationalism in its search for national foundations and to generate national emotions of a collective sense of belonging. This article analyses this process by focusing on the Spanish case and using a vast range of cultural sources. I reason that the monarchy’s history was intensively used in Isabel II’s reign (1833–1868), both by the monarch herself as well as nationalist elites, to legitimate and justify their presence in the liberal world. The article is divided into three sections. The first part locates the problem into a general process that touched all the crowned heads of Europe. The second section studies the appeal of exemplary medieval monarchs in the liberal hunt for national roots. The final one focuses on the particular case of Isabel the Catholic because of the remarkable prominence it acquired.

Mental illness: The collision of meaning with mechanism

2020 ◽  
pp. 263-289
Author(s):  
Steven E. Hyman ◽  
Doug McConnell
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Clinical Encounter ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
And Function ◽  
Human Brains ◽  
The Brain

‘Mental illness: the collision of meaning with mechanism’ is based on the views of psychiatry that Steven Hyman articulated in his Loebel Lectures—mental illness results from the disordered functioning of the human brain and effective treatment repairs or mitigates those malfunctions. This view is not intended as reductionist as causes of mental illness and contributions to their repair may come from any source that affects the structure and function of the brain. These might include social interactions and other sources of lived experience, ideas (such as those learned in cognitive therapy), gene sequences and gene regulation, metabolic factors, drugs, electrodes, and so on. This, however, is not the whole story for psychiatry on Hyman’s view; interpersonal interactions between clinicians and patients, intuitively understood in such folk psychological terms as selfhood, intention, and agency are also critical for successful practice. As human beings who are suffering, patients seek to make sense of their lives and benefit from the empathy, respect, and a sense of being understood not only as the objects of a clinical encounter, but also as subjects. Hyman’s argument, however, is that the mechanisms by which human brains function and malfunction to produce the symptoms and impairments of mental illness are opaque to introspection and that the mechanistic understandings necessary for diagnosis and treatment are incommensurate with intuitive (folk psychological) human self-understanding. Thus, psychiatry does best when skillful clinicians switch between an objectifying medical and neurobiological stance and the interpersonal stance in which the clinician engages the patients as a subject. Attempts to integrate these incommensurate views of patients and their predicaments have historically produced incoherent explanations of psychopathology and have often led treatment astray. For example, privileging of folk psychological testimony, even when filtered through sophisticated theories has historically led psychiatry into intellectually blind and clinically ineffective cul-de-sacs such as psychoanalysis.

An Analysis of Marketing Function of Fashion Show

2011 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 607-610
Author(s):  
Yi Xu ◽  
Mei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Marketing Theory ◽  
Marketing Function ◽  
Commercial Value ◽  
And Function ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
At Home

The fashion show was come into being with the appearance of retail of costumes in the middle of the 19th century. Up to now, it has become an indispensable media, added with a lot of artistic elements which strengthen its value of appreciation, in the fashion field. However, what could not be overlooked is that the ultimate goal of the fashion show is still the commercial value in the costume market and still to emphasize the significance and function in the costume marketing. By summarizing the practical experience of fashion show of hers and referring to all kinds of information at home and abroad, the author divides the fashion show into five categorizes and explains one by one. At the same time, the author analysis the marketing function of fashion show in practice by connecting marketing theory.

scholarly journals An Exploration Into the Importance of a Sense of Belonging for Online Learners

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susi Peacock ◽  
John Cowan ◽  
Lindesay Irvine ◽  
Jane Williams
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Peer Interactions ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Online Learners ◽  
Attrition Rates ◽  
Personal Connection ◽  
Meaningful Group

Fostering a sense of belonging and a personal connection is seen as fundamental by many educational researchers, regardless of the learning environment. Online learning certainly provides flexible learning opportunities but comes with notable issues. For online learners, nurturing a sense of belonging may present a way of improving their experiences and attainment, as well as reducing attrition rates. Research specifically exploring sense of belonging and online learning is limited. This article addresses that gap and reports on a small-scale exploratory study using qualitative data-collection and analysis methods to investigate the importance, or not, of sense of belonging for postgraduates’ online education by exploring the origins and nature of their lived experience of online learning and their sense of belonging therein. Our initial findings emphasise its importance for them as online learners and have identified three significant themes: interaction/engagement, the culture of the learning, and support. These early findings highlight the importance of these three themes in promoting a sense of belonging and in ensuring that there are opportunities for meaningful group and peer interactions; they will be of interest to all engaged in online education.

scholarly journals “Choosing to Stay”

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-139
Author(s):  
Anja Nadine Klopfer
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
New Orleans ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Local Identity ◽  
Intimate Knowledge ◽  
The City

Oral histories of the Hurricane Katrina experience abound in stories of conscious decisions to “ride out the storm.” My article explores the narrative of “choosing to stay” as an empowering narrative rooted in assertions of place-knowledge and traces its historical genealogy to the nineteenth century. I argue that claiming agency in New Orleans and articulating a sense of belonging and local identity through professed intimate knowledge of the local environment took shape as a strategy of resistance against dominant discourses of American progress after the Civil War. Ultimately, this counternarrative of connecting to place as “homeland,” drawing on knowledge arising from lived experience, defied the normative twist of modernization, simultaneously reformulating power relations within the city. “Choosing to stay” thus turns out to be a long-lasting narrative not only of disaster, but of place, belonging, and community; without understanding its historical layers, we cannot fully make sense of this particular Katrina narrative.

scholarly journals Constructing a Biopic Screenplay: Fictional Invention in the Biopic with Scant Evidence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Indranil Chakravarty
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
History And Criticism ◽  
Counter Narrative ◽  
Narrative Reconstruction ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
And Function ◽  
Wild Life

<p>As a creative practice research project, this thesis sets out to write a screenplay about Suresh Biswas (1861-1905), a little-known Bengali adventurer who was a wild-life trainer and circus-performer in Europe and later became a Captain in the Brazilian army. The early biographies of Biswas, based on limited and unreliable evidence, pose a challenge to the screenwriter in terms of narrative reconstruction of his life as a biopic. While more information has become available recently, this project examines the creative and critical issues associated with researching this figure, overcoming the problem of scant evidence and positioning him within a presentist context. Drawing on Rosenstone’s conceptual model for understanding how historical knowledge manifests in fictional narratives, it investigates the nature and function of fictional inventions in biopics and the ways in which screenplays make creative use of evidence. In writing Biswas’ biopic, I use the microhistorical research method, knowledge about biopic script-drafting processes, and Bhabha’s notion of ‘vernacular cosmopolitanism’ to present Biswas as a non-Western, non-elite 19th century cosmopolitan, thereby constructing a counter-narrative to the dominant discourse of cosmopolitanism as a matter of exclusive Western, elite privilege. I argue that it is through a judicious mix of fictional invention and a diligent study of evidence that a screenwriter can get closer to the historical subject. The thesis thus initiates in practice, moves to biopic history and criticism, reverts to practice with knowledge about research and writing that not only enables me to overcome my screenwriting problem but also leaves behind a set of insights for other screenwriters working with scant biographical evidence.</p>

scholarly journals Revelations of science: discussing images of prenatal development by Ernst Haeckel and Lennart Nilsson

Panoptikum ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 95-115
Author(s):  
Matylda Szewczyk
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Prenatal Development ◽  
Ernst Haeckel ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Way

 The paper discusses images of prenatal development created by Ernst Haeckel and Lennart Nilsson. Despite the obvious differences between a 19th-century biologist and philosopher of nature and a 20th-century photographer, substantial similarities exist in the way their respective narrations situate embryos and fetuses within the cultural realm. The paper traces the processes of creating the representations of stages of embryogenesis and the controversies surrounding them, analyzes the discursive frame within which the images are produced and function, and discusses their media specificity. It also examines the metaphysical ambitions surrounding the process of producing embryo- and fetal identities and the relation of these identities to the important cultural characteristics of their historical epochs.

scholarly journals Fleeting Encounters: Microscopic ‘Romantic Novels’ of Travel Narratives

Viatica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe ANTOINE ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Travel Writing ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Travel Narratives ◽  
Romantic Period ◽  
The Way

The article focuses on the fleeting romantic encounters present in 19th century travel writing. Fantasy and reality remain distinct, shown through lived experiences and written traces: the traveller is often disappointed by these fleeting encounters. Travel writing of the Romantic period is therefore a space for tension between imaginary fantasy, in part shaped by a series of cultural precepts, and real lived experience. These texts thus pave the way for a process of demystification.

scholarly journals Das Testament als eine Textsorte. Eine linguistische Analyse des Testaments des galizischen Adligen Herman de Brunicki aus dem Jahre 1835

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-51
Author(s):  
Waldemar Czachur ◽  
Agnieszka Zimmer
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Legal Language ◽  
The Will ◽  
And Function ◽  
The 19Th Century

The aim of the article is to show the specific characteristics of the Galician legal language in the first half of the 19th century. The article analyses the 1835 will of Baron Herman de Brunicki. First, the pattern of the will, its structure and function are examined. Further on, the author focuses on the graphematic, lexical and syntactic levels of the will.

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