scholarly journals Comparative Genomic Analysis of Rice with Contrasting Photosynthesis and Grain Production under Salt Stress

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lekklar ◽  
Suriya-arunroj ◽  
Pongpanich ◽  
Comai ◽  
Kositsup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Rice Varieties

Unfavourable environmental conditions, including soil salinity, lead to decreased rice (Oryza sativa L.) productivity, especially at the reproductive stage. In this study, we examined 30 rice varieties, which revealed significant differences in the photosynthetic performance responses under salt stress conditions during the reproductive stage, which ultimately affected yield components after recovery. In rice with a correlation between net photosynthetic rate (PN) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) under salt stress, PN was found to be negatively correlated with filled grain number after recovery. Applying stringent criteria, we identified 130,317 SNPs and 15,396 InDels between two “high-yield rice” varieties and two “low-yield rice” varieties with contrasting photosynthesis and grain yield characteristics. A total of 2,089 genes containing high- and moderate-impact SNPs or InDels were evaluated by gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, resulting in over-represented terms in the apoptotic process and kinase activity. Among these genes, 262 were highly expressed in reproductive tissues, and most were annotated as receptor-like protein kinases. These findings highlight the importance of variations in signaling components in the genome and these loci can serve as potential genes in rice breeding to produce a variety with salt avoidance that leads to increased yield in saline soil.

High-density linkage mapping for agronomic and physiological traits of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under reproductive-stage salt stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Ahmadizadeh ◽  
Nadali Babaeian-Jelodar ◽  
Ghasem Mohammadi-Nejad ◽  
Nadali Bagheri ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Linkage Mapping ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
High Density ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Physiological Traits

scholarly journals Rice cold tolerance at the reproductive stage in a controlled environment

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Pereira da Cruz ◽  
Sandra Cristina Kothe Milach ◽  
Luiz Carlos Federizzi
Keyword(s):  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Spikelet Fertility ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Highly Correlated

Cold tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) during the reproductive stage is important to guarantee high yield under low temperature environments. Field selection, however, does not allow identification of adequate tolerance sources and limits selection of segregating lines due to variable temperature. The objective of this study was to devise methods for distinguishing rice genotypes as to their cold tolerance at the reproductive stage when evaluated under controlled temperature. The effect of cold temperatures was investigated in six rice genotypes at 17°C for varying length of time (three, five, seven and ten days) at two reproductive stages (microsporogenesis and anthesis). Cold tolerance was measured as the percentage of reduction in panicle exsertion and in spikelet fertility. Evaluating cold tolerance through the reduction in panicle exsertion did not allow for the distinction between cold tolerant from cold sensitive genotypes and, when the reduction in spikelet fertility was considered, a minimum of seven days was required to differentiate the genotypes for cold tolerance. Genotypes were more sensitive to cold at anthesis than at microsporogenesis and, as these stages were highly correlated, cold screening could be performed at anthesis only, since it is easier to determine. Rice cold tolerance at the reproductive stage may be characterized by the reduction in spikelet fertility due to cold temperature (17°C) applied for seven days at anthesis.

scholarly journals Identification of fgr gene and preliminary evaluation for agronomic traits of pandan sticky rice variety (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Toan D. Pham
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Fgr Gene

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the most important food crop in Vietnam particularly in the Mekong Delta. Screening of good quality and high yield rice varieties are needed for rice production in Vietnam. The purpose of this study was to use molecular techniques to identify fgr gene and to evaluate preliminarily agronomic traits of pandan sticky rice variety. The results showed that this variety contained fgr gene. The fragrant allele was amplified by ESP - IFAP primers with a product of 255 bp in size. Similarly, evaluation of agronomic traits showed that the pandan sticky rice variety displayed many desirable characteristics such as plant height of 108 cm, panicle length of 25.6 cm, seed/panicle 135, 100-grain weight 2.07 g, pandan smell, level 2 of alkali digestion, gel consistency 93 mm. These results were useful information and could be applied for improving and providing pandan sticky rice variety for rice production.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Protection of Photosynthesis in Two Cashew Progenies Under Salt Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Anselmo F. da Silva ◽  
Valéria F. de O. Sousa ◽  
Gisele L. dos Santos ◽  
Eugênio S. Araújo Júnior ◽  
Sérgio L. F. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Quantum Efficiency ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Photochemical Activity ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
Cashew Tree

The present work evaluated the indicators of photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidative protection in cashew tree seedlings subjected to salinity stress. The study was conducted with seedlings of two advanced dwarf cashew clones (CCP09 and CCP76) subjected to salt stress with increasing doses of NaCl (0, control; 25; 50; 75; 100 mM) in the nutrient solution for 30 days under greenhouse conditions. The variables of gas exchange, CO2 assimilation (PN), stomatal conductance (gS), transpiration (E), intercellular CO2 concentration (CI), photochemical activity, potential quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), effective quantum efficiency (ΔF/Fm’) of photosystem II (PSII), photochemical quenching (qP), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) electron transport rate (ETR) as well as the indicators of damage and oxidative protection were measured. Under these conditions, there was an intense accumulation Na+ associated with a reduction in the K+/Na+ ratio in the leaves of both clones in response to salt, with higher values for this ratio in clone CCP09 than in CCP76 the highest concentration of NaCl (100 mM). Salinity reduced PN, gS and E in the two clones evaluated, with lower reductions in CCP09 than in CCP76 at the highest salt dose. Instantaneous carboxylation (PN/CI) and water use (PN/E) efficiencies were strongly restricted by salinity but were less affected in CCP09 than in CCP76. Salinity stress also increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in CCP09, whereas lipid peroxidation decreased in both progenies. The clones presented specific antioxidant responses due to greater enzymatic and non-enzymatic activity in CCP76, in addition to the activity of phenol peroxidase (POX) in CCP09.

scholarly journals Gene Duplication and Gain in the Trematode Atriophallophorus Winterbourni Contributes to Adaptation to Parasitism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Zajac ◽  
Stefan Zoller ◽  
Katri Seppälä ◽  
David Moi ◽  
Christophe Dessimoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Genomic Changes ◽  
Go Enrichment ◽  
Duplication Events ◽  
Parasitic Lifestyle ◽  
Host Parasite

Abstract Gene duplications and novel genes have been shown to play a major role in helminth adaptation to a parasitic lifestyle because they provide the novelty necessary for adaptation to a changing environment, such as living in multiple hosts. Here we present the de novo sequenced and annotated genome of the parasitic trematode Atriophallophorus winterbourni and its comparative genomic analysis to other major parasitic trematodes. First, we reconstructed the species phylogeny, and dated the split of A. winterbourni from the Opisthorchiata suborder to approximately 237.4 MYA (± 120.4 MY). We then addressed the question of which expanded gene families and gained genes are potentially involved in adaptation to parasitism. To do this, we used Hierarchical Orthologous Groups to reconstruct three ancestral genomes on the phylogeny leading to A. winterbourni and performed a GO enrichment analysis of the gene composition of each ancestral genome, allowing us to characterize the subsequent genomic changes. Out of the 11,499 genes in the A. winterbourni genome, as much as 24% have arisen through duplication events since the speciation of A. winterbourni from the Opisthorchiata, and as much as 31.9% appear to be novel, i.e. newly acquired. We found 13 gene families in A. winterbourni to have had more than 10 genes arising through these recent duplications; all of which have functions potentially relating to host behavioural manipulation, host tissue penetration, and hiding from host immunity through antigen presentation. We identified several families with genes evolving under positive selection. Our results provide a valuable resource for future studies on the genomic basis of adaptation to parasitism and point to specific candidate genes putatively involved in antagonistic host-parasite adaptation.

scholarly journals Molecular Breeding for Improving Productivity of Oryza sativa L. cv. Pusa 44 under Reproductive Stage Drought Stress through Introgression of a Major QTL, qDTY12.1

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 967
Author(s):  
Kyaw Swar Oo ◽  
Subbaiyan Gopala Krishnan ◽  
Kunnummal Kurungara Vinod ◽  
Gaurav Dhawan ◽  
Priyanka Dwivedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Successful Recovery

Increasing rice production is quintessential to the task of sustaining global food security, as a majority of the global population is dependent on rice as its staple dietary cereal. Among the various constraints affecting rice production, reproductive stage drought stress (RSDS) is a major challenge, due to its direct impact on grain yield. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring RSDS tolerance have been identified in rice, and qDTY12.1 is one of the major QTLs reported. We report the successful introgression of qDTY12.1 into Pusa 44, a drought sensitive mega rice variety of the northwestern Indian plains. Marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) was adopted to transfer qDTY12.1 into Pusa 44 in three backcrosses followed by four generations of pedigree selection, leading to development of improved near isogenic lines (NILs). Having a recurrent parent genome (RPG) recovery ranging from 94.7–98.7%, the improved NILs performed 6.5 times better than Pusa 44 under RSDS, coupled with high yield under normal irrigated conditions. The MABB program has been modified so as to defer background selection until BC3F4 to accelerate generational advancements. Deploying phenotypic selection alone in the early backcross generations could help in the successful recovery of RPG. In addition, the grain quality could be recovered in the improved NILs, leading to superior selections. Owing to their improved adaptation to drought, the release of improved NILs for regions prone to intermittent drought can help enhance rice productivity and production.

scholarly journals Foliar application of H2O2 as salt stress attenuator in ‘BRS Rubi do Cerrado’ sour passion fruit

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 2253-2270
Author(s):  
Jailton Garcia Ramos ◽  
◽  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
Vera Lucia Antunes de Lima ◽  
Francisco Jean da Silva Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Sour Passion Fruit

Irrigation with saline water causes a reduction in yield, especially in semi-arid regions. Cultivation strategies have been developed to mitigate salt stress on plants, such as the use of hydrogen peroxide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the attenuating effect of hydrogen peroxide on the gas exchange and growth of ‘BRS Rubi do Cerrado’ sour passion fruit cultivated under irrigation with saline water. The design was completely randomized in split-plot plots, with water salinity levels ECw (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4, and 3.0 dS m-1) considered the plots and the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide H2O2 (0, 15, 30, and 45 μM) considered the subplots, with three replicates. Gas exchange (stomatal conductance, transpiration, CO2 assimilation rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, instantaneous water use efficiency, and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency), and absolute and relative growth rates in stem diameter were evaluated. An increase in irrigation water salinity from 0.6 dS m-1 reduced gas exchange, and exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide did not promote a significant effect on gas exchange. However, foliar application of hydrogen peroxide at 15 μM increased the growth of ‘BRS Rubi do Cerrado’ sour passion fruit.

Combination of traits at two developmental stages under salt stress as a measure of tolerance in a reciprocally crossed rice (Oryza sativa) population

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina M. Elias ◽  
M. Sazzadur Rahman ◽  
Sumaiya F. Khan ◽  
Sudip Biswas ◽  
Taslima Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Reciprocal Cross ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Breeding Lines

The rice (Oryza sativa L.) landrace Horkuch from Bangladesh maintains efficient photosynthesis and detoxification under salt stress and was therefore considered to be a useful donor for tolerance traits. Reciprocally crossed bi-parental mapping populations were generated from salt-tolerant Horkuch and high-yielding salt-sensitive variety IR29, in order to identify superior salt-tolerant high-yielding lines as donors. The present study reports on the phenotypic screening data of ~300 F3 segregating populations from the reciprocal cross and their parental lines in seedlings and screening of a subset at maturity stage under gradual salt stress of 12 dS m–1 for seedlings and 8 dS m–1 for mature plants. Correlation, broad-sense heritability and principal component analyses for salt tolerance as well as yield-related traits were conducted in the populations at the two developmental stages. Level of salt injury was found to be correlated with traits such as filled grain weight at maturity stage and biomass-related traits at the seedling stage. This association between yield-related and survival traits helped to identify tolerant and sensitive plants, which were predicative of agronomic performance under salt stress. Moreover, use of the reciprocal-cross population showed how cytoplasmic inheritance of specific traits such as K+ concentrations can affect characteristics of donor plants. Measurement of a large number of traits and analysis of their co-inherited interrelation can therefore help identify the best performing plants under salt stress for effective breeding strategies. The data are being utilised in mapping of quantitative trait loci, and selected progenies are being used as breeding lines for producing durable salt-tolerant, high-yielding rice varieties.

scholarly journals Gas exchange, growth, and production of mini-watermelon under saline water irrigation and phosphate fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3039-3052
Author(s):  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
◽  
Charles Macedo Félix ◽  
Saulo Soares da Silva ◽  
Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Assimilation ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Semi Arid Region

In the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil, due to the occurrence of excess salts, both in the water and soil, plants are constantly exposed to various conditions of abiotic stress. Thus, it is extremely important to identify methods capable of minimizing the effects of salt stress on plants as a way to ensure the expansion of irrigated areas. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the gas exchange, growth, and production of mini-watermelon irrigated with saline waters and fertilized with phosphorus. The experiment was conducted in pots under greenhouse conditions in Pombal, PB, Brazil, using a randomized block design in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water—ECw (0.3, 1.3, 2.3, 3.3, and 4.3 dS m-1), four phosphorus doses— PD (60, 80, 100, and 120% of the recommendation), and with three replicates. Watermelon plants cv. Sugar Baby were sensitive to water salinity greater than 0.3 dS m-1, with more pronounced inhibition of gas exchange, growth, and production. Reduction in the CO2 assimilation rate of watermelon plants cv. Sugar Baby was associated with factors of stomatal and non-stomatal origin. Phosphorous doses corresponding to 73 and 88% of the recommended values promoted an increase in the intercellular CO2 concentration and stem diameter of mini-watermelon plants. P2O5 doses ranging from 60 to 120% of the recommendation did not mitigate the effects of salt stress on the cultivation of watermelon cv. Sugar Baby.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document