scholarly journals Oscillating Cosmological Force Modifies Newtonian Dynamics

Galaxies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Igor I. Smolyaninov
Keyword(s):  
Lorentz Invariance ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Scale Factor ◽  
Disk Galaxies ◽  
Cosmological Constant Problem ◽  
Quantum Oscillations ◽  
Newtonian Dynamics ◽  
Acceleration Of The Universe ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Central Gravitational Field

In the Newtonian limit of general relativity a force acting on a test mass in a central gravitational field is conventionally defined by the attractive Newtonian gravity (inverse square) term plus a small repulsive cosmological force, which is proportional to the slow acceleration of the universe expansion. In this paper we considered the cosmological-force correction due to fast quantum oscillations of the universe scale factor as a potential solution of the cosmological constant problem. These fast fluctuations of the cosmological scale factor violate Lorentz invariance at the Planck scale, and they induce strong changes to the current sign and magnitude of the average cosmological force, thus making it one of the potential probable causes for the modification of Newtonian dynamics in galaxy-scale systems. The modified cosmological force may be responsible for the recently discovered “cosmic-clock” behavior of disk galaxies in the low-redshift universe. The obtained results have strong implications for astroparticle physics since they demonstrate that typical galaxy rotation curves may be obtained without (or almost without) dark-matter particles.

scholarly journals Effect of Fast Scale Factor Fluctuations on Cosmological Evolution

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Igor I. Smolyaninov
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Fluctuations ◽  
Scale Factor ◽  
Cosmological Evolution ◽  
Accelerated Expansion ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Cosmological Constant Problem ◽  
Friedmann Equations ◽  
Newtonian Dynamics ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
The Universe

In this paper, we study the corrections to the Friedmann equations due to fast fluctuations in the universe scale factor. Such fast quantum fluctuations were recently proposed as a potential solution to the cosmological constant problem. They also induce strong changes to the current sign and magnitude of the average cosmological force, thus making them one of the potential probable causes of the modification of Newtonian dynamics in galaxy-scale systems. It appears that quantum fluctuations in the scale factor also modify the Friedmann equations, leading to a considerable modification of cosmological evolution. In particular, they give rise to the late-time accelerated expansion of the universe, and they may also considerably modify the effective universe potential.

MOND as the basis for an extended theory of gravity

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Principle ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
Relativistic Theory Of Gravity ◽  
Modified Newtonian Dynamics ◽  
Newtonian Dynamics ◽  
Acceleration Of The Universe ◽  
Theory Of Gravity ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Geometric Nature ◽  
Bending Of Light

This review describes why the geometric nature of space–time, the Einstein equivalence principle, and the geodesic motion of particles show the possibility of building an extended relativistic theory of gravity on regions where the Tully–Fisher law is valid. It is also shown how a metric construction of gravity can have a modified Newtonian dynamics behaviour compatible with the Tully–Fisher law and the bending of light observed in individual, groups, and clusters of galaxies. It is also reviewed how this metric theory of gravity fits reasonably well on cosmological scales explaining the current acceleration of the universe.

scholarly journals CosMIn: THE SOLUTION TO THE COSMOLOGICAL CONSTANT PROBLEM

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1342001 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAMSA PADMANABHAN ◽  
T. PADMANABHAN
Keyword(s):  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
Cosmological Constant Problem ◽  
Holy Grail ◽  
Cosmic Evolution ◽  
Inflationary Phase ◽  
Acceleration Of The Universe ◽  
Hubble Radius ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
The Universe

The current acceleration of the universe can be modeled in terms of a cosmological constant Λ. We show that the extremely small value of [Formula: see text], the holy grail of theoretical physics, can be understood in terms of a new, dimensionless, conserved number Cosmic Mode Index (CosMIn), which counts the number of modes crossing the Hubble radius during the three phases of evolution of the universe. Theoretical considerations suggest that N ≈ 4π. This single postulate leads us to the correct, observed numerical value of the cosmological constant! This approach also provides a unified picture of cosmic evolution relating the early inflationary phase to the late accelerating phase.

Energy scale of inflation from the recurrence time of the universe

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550026
Author(s):  
K. Ropotenko
Keyword(s):  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Recurrence Time ◽  
Inflationary Universe ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Cosmological Constant Problem ◽  
The Universe

It is shown that the de Sitter equilibrium cosmology predicts the energy scale of inflation that significantly exceeds the Planck scale. An alternative calculation of the probability for a fluctuation into an inflationary universe is proposed which gives a more realistic energy scale of inflation. An interpretation of the cosmological constant problem in the de Sitter equilibrium cosmology is briefly discussed.

scholarly journals IMPLICATIONS OF A QUANTUM MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF THE UNIVERSE

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (05) ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
MURAT ÖZER
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Wave Packet ◽  
Early Universe ◽  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Correspondence Principle ◽  
Scale Factor ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Quantum Mechanical Treatment ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Universe

We attempt to treat the very early Universe according to quantum mechanics. Identifying the scale factor of the Universe with the width of the wave packet associated with it, we show that there cannot be an initial singularity and that the Universe expands. Invoking the correspondence principle, we obtain the scale factor of the Universe and demonstrate that the causality problem of the standard model is solved.

scholarly journals Chameleon field and the late time acceleration of the Universe

Pramana ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayan Banerjee ◽  
Sudipta Das ◽  
Koyel Ganguly
Keyword(s):  
Late Time ◽  
Late Time Acceleration ◽  
Acceleration Of The Universe ◽  
The Universe

Signature change in p-adic and noncommutative FRW cosmology

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (27) ◽  
pp. 1450155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran S. Djordjevic ◽  
Ljubisa Nesic ◽  
Darko Radovancevic
Keyword(s):  
Loop Quantum Gravity ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Frw Cosmology ◽  
Signature Change ◽  
Discrete Nature ◽  
Frw Metric ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Friedmann Robertson Walker

The significant matter for the construction of the so-called no-boundary proposal is the assumption of signature transition, which has been a way to deal with the problem of initial conditions of the universe. On the other hand, results of Loop Quantum Gravity indicate that the signature change is related to the discrete nature of space at the Planck scale. Motivated by possibility of non-Archimedean and/or noncommutative structure of space–time at the Planck scale, in this work we consider the classical, p-adic and (spatial) noncommutative form of a cosmological model with Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) metric coupled with a self-interacting scalar field.

scholarly journals INTERACTION BETWEEN DARK ENERGY AND DARK MATTER: OBSERVATIONAL CONSTRAINTS FROM OHD, BAO, CMB AND SNe Ia

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 1350082 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHUO CAO ◽  
NAN LIANG
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Observational Constraints ◽  
Coincidence Problem ◽  
Cosmological Constraints ◽  
Coincidence Index ◽  
Acceleration Of The Universe ◽  
Interaction Term ◽  
Negative Coupling ◽  
The Universe

In order to test if there is energy transfer between dark energy (DE) and dark matter (DM), we investigate cosmological constraints on two forms of nontrivial interaction between the DM sector and the sector responsible for the acceleration of the universe, in light of the newly revised observations including OHD, CMB, BAO and SNe Ia. More precisely, we find the same tendencies for both phenomenological forms of the interaction term Q = 3γHρ, i.e. the parameter γ to be a small number, |γ| ≈ 10-2. However, concerning the sign of the interaction parameter, we observe that γ > 0 when the interaction between dark sectors is proportional to the energy density of dust matter, whereas the negative coupling (γ < 0) is preferred by observations when the interaction term is proportional to DE density. We further discuss two possible explanations to this incompatibility and apply a quantitative criteria to judge the severity of the coincidence problem. Results suggest that the γm IDE model with a positive coupling may alleviate the coincidence problem, since its coincidence index C is smaller than that for the γd IDE model, the interacting quintessence and phantom models by four orders of magnitude.

DARK GEOMETRY

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2275-2279 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. R. CEMBRANOS ◽  
A. DOBADO ◽  
A. L. MAROTO
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Extra Dimensions ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Missing Mass ◽  
Brane Worlds ◽  
Mass Problem ◽  
Extra Space ◽  
The Universe

Extra-dimensional theories contain additional degrees of freedom related to the geometry of the extra space which can be interpreted as new particles. Such theories allow to reformulate most of the fundamental problems of physics from a completely different point of view. In this essay, we concentrate on the brane fluctuations which are present in brane-worlds, and how such oscillations of the own space–time geometry along curved extra dimensions can help to resolve the Universe missing mass problem. The energy scales involved in these models are low compared to the Planck scale, and this means that some of the brane fluctuations distinctive signals could be detected in future colliders and in direct or indirect dark matter searches.

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