scholarly journals Kinetics of Cellulose Deposition in Developing Cotton Fibers Studied by Thermogravimetric Analysis

Fibers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Cabrales ◽  
Noureddine Abidi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Cellulose Deposition ◽  
Cotton Genotypes ◽  
Cell Wall Development

During cotton fibers development, important structural changes occur, which lead to cellulose deposition and organization in the secondary cell wall. Several studies have focused on the analysis of the cell wall extracts of cotton fibers to gain an understanding of the changes in carbohydrate profiles and to determine the changes in crystallinity, cellulosic and non-cellulosic compounds at various stages of the fiber cell wall development. In this research, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to study intact fibers harvested from two cotton genotypes. Cellulose macromolecules structural changes occurring during different developmental stages were studied. The results from TGA technique were in agreement with results from other analytical techniques, which indicates that TGA could be a great tool to investigate the onset of cellulose deposition and to evaluate the cell wall composition during fiber development. The results obtained in this study demonstrated that the initiation of the secondary cell wall is genotype-dependent.

X-ray diffraction and FTIR investigations of cellulose deposition during cotton fiber development

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 719-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noureddine Abidi ◽  
Maheshika Manike
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Fiber Development ◽  
Primary Cell Wall ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cellulose Deposition ◽  
Integrated Intensities

The structure and organization of cellulose in developing cotton fibers harvested from two cultivars of Gossypium hirsutum L. (Texas Marker-1 and TX55) at varying developmental stages from 10 to 56 days post anthesis (dpa) were investigated using wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. During fiber development, the percentage crystallinity and crystallite size normal to the 200 plane increased while the full width at half maximum (FWHM) decreased. This indicates an increased alignment and decreased molecular disorder along the 200 plane as cellulose biogenesis progresses. The evolution of the WAXD parameters as a function of developmental stages provided information on the transition from the primary cell wall to the secondary cell wall and, thus, could indicate the rate of cellulose macromolecules deposition and organization during cellulose biosynthesis. These results were further confirmed by FTIR and cellulose content data. Indeed, IR ratios, cellulose content, and the integrated intensities of the vibrations 667 and 897 cm−1 showed good correlation with the percentage crystallinity. These parameters could be used as good indirect estimators of the percentage crystallinity in developing cotton fibers.

Strength and Crystalline Structure of Developing Acala Cotton

1997 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 529-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-L. Hsieh ◽  
X.-P. Hu ◽  
A. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Fiber Development ◽  
Single Fiber ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Cellulose Biosynthesis ◽  
Cellulose I ◽  
Peak Intensity ◽  
Crystallite Sizes ◽  
Fiber Breaking

Single fiber strengths and crystalline structures of greenhouse-grown Maxxa Acala cotton fibers at varying stages of development and at maturity are reported and compared with those of SJ-2 cotton fibers. Single fiber breaking forces of the Maxxa variety increase most significantly during the fourth week of fiber development; these increases correlate to the 60 to 90 mg seed fiber weight range. The forces required to break single fibers are similar for the SJ-2 and Maxxa varieties through the end of the fourth week of development. Beyond 30 dpa, both single fiber breaking forces and tenacities of the Maxxa cotton fibers are higher than those of the SJ-2 cotton fibers. Four waxd peaks located near 2θ angles of 14.7, 16.6, 22.7, and 34.4° are characteristic of the 101, 101, 002, and 040 reflections of cellulose I, respectively. The 002 peak intensity increases greatly during cellulose biosynthesis, indicating improved alignment of the glucosidic rings and improved order of atoms located within the glucosidic rings as the secondary cell wall thickens. The overall crystallinity and apparent crystallite sizes normal to the 101, 101, and 002 planes increase with fiber development for both varieties. Within each variety, the single fiber breaking forces are positively related to both the overall crystallinity and crystallite sizes. Between these two varieties, increasing breaking forces and tenacities appear to be related more to crystallite size than to crystallinity.

Lignification of spruce tracheid secondary cell walls related to longitudinal hardness and modulus of elasticity using nano-indentation

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
pp. 1029-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Gindl ◽  
H S Gupta ◽  
C Grünwald
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Nano Indentation ◽  
Secondary Cell Walls ◽  
Cell Wall Development ◽  
The One

The lignin content and the mechanical properties of lignifying and fully lignified spruce tracheid secondary cell walls were determined using UV microscopy and nano-indentation, respectively. The average lignin content of developing tracheids was 0.10 g·g–1, as compared with 0.21 g·g–1 in mature tracheids. The modulus of elasticity of developing cells was on average 22% lower than the one measured in mature, fully lignified cells. For the longitudinal hardness, a larger difference of 26% was observed. As lignifying cells in the cambial zone are undergoing cell wall development, spaces in the cellulose–hemicellulose structure are filled with lignin and the density of the cell wall is believed to increase. It is therefore suggested that the observed difference in modulus of elasticity between developing and fully lignified cell walls is due to the filling of spaces with lignin and an increase of the packing density of the cell wall during lignification. Although remarkably less stiff than the composite polysaccharide structure in the secondary cell wall, lignin may be considered equally hard. Therefore, the observed increase in lignin content may contribute directly to the measured increase of hardness.Key words: secondary cell wall, hardness, lignin, modulus of elasticity, wood formation.

scholarly journals FT-IR Examination of the Development of Secondary Cell Wall in Cotton Fibers

Fibers ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Cintrón ◽  
Doug Hinchliffe
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Ft Ir
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