scholarly journals Nitrogen Nutrition of Trees in Temperate Forests—The Significance of Nitrogen Availability in the Pedosphere and Atmosphere

Forests ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 2820-2835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Rennenberg ◽  
Michael Dannenmann
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Temperate Forests ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition

scholarly journals Centennial-scale reductions in nitrogen availability in temperate forests of the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. McLauchlan ◽  
L. M. Gerhart ◽  
J. J. Battles ◽  
J. M. Craine ◽  
A. J. Elmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Temperate Forests ◽  
The United States

Nitrogen nutrition of wheat following different crops

1992 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Echeverría ◽  
C. A. Navarro ◽  
F. H. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
N Nutrition ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Take All

SUMMARYA trial using a split-plot with blocks design was carried out at the INTA Balcarce Experimental Station, Argentina on a typic argiudol soil to evaluate N nutrition in wheat after different preceding crops and using two rates of N fertilization (0 and 90 kg N/ha).Wheat (Triticum aestivum), soyabean (Glycine max), sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and maize (Zea mays) were grown in different combinations for two successive years (1984/85 and 1985/86).No water stress was detected during either growing season. Nitrogen availability was altered by the previous crops grown, but the effect lasted only for one season. Wheat following maize yielded least with no N and responded most to N fertilization. The highest yields of wheat without N and the lowest response by wheat to N fertilization were found after crops of soyabean and sunflower.Wheat after a fertilized wheat crop did not respond to N fertilization because of a serious attack of take-all (Gaeumannomyces graminis tritici).The nitrate concentration in wheat stem bases was found to be a good estimator of the availability of soil N.

Effects of fertilizer nitrogen on soil nitrogen availability after a grazed grass ley and on the response of the following cereal crops to fertilizer nitrogen

1994 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Webb ◽  
R. Sylvester-Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Soil Mineral N ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Grass Growth

SUMMARYNitrogen nutrition of two succeeding wheat crops was studied after ploughing of grassland in July 1987 on a clay soil at ADAS Drayton. The four plots of grassland had received 100, 250, 450 and 750 kg N/ha per year for 4 years from 1984 and were grazed by beef cattle at stocking densities which varied according to grass growth.Determinations of soil mineral N taken to 60 cm every 3 weeks from July to the following May were particularly variable. However, in the first 2 years after ploughing the means of the series of mineral N measurements were directly proportional to the amounts of fertilizer N applied to the grass.N offtake in winter wheat grain without fertilizer N was directly proportional to fertilizer N applied to grass but this had little effect on maximum grain yields. Large soil N supplies did not necessarily predispose the wheat crops to large grain N concentrations because fertilizer N caused grain N offtake to reach a similar maximum, irrespective of previous grass N.Optimum amounts of fertilizer N for the wheat were 188, 147, 87 and nil kg/ha in 1988 and 152,130, 89 and 25 kg/ha in 1989 after 100, 250, 450 and 750 kg N/ha per year applied to the grass. Soil N supply as indicated by both the amount of fertilizer applied to grass and means of mineral N measurements accounted for almost all of this variation. Mean soil mineral N over winter was no better as an indicator of soil N supply than the amount of N applied to the grass. However, before adopting N applied to grass as a more general index of N supply, it would need to be adjusted for variation in N removed and lost during grass growth; these were controlled in this experiment.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER ON FLOUR PROTEIN COMPOSITION AND DOUGH QUALITY IN WHEAT CULTIVATED IN LA PAMPA PROVINCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-77
Author(s):  
Marilina Giménez ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Fraction ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Biochemical Basis ◽  
Fraction Composition ◽  
Dough Quality ◽  
Flour Protein

Breadmaking quality of wheat flour (Triticum aestivum L.) depends not only on the genotype but also on the availability of nitrogen, and wheat protein composition is important for understanding the biochemical basis of wheat quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen availability on flour protein fractions, to analyze their distribution and relationship with bakery quality. We worked with ACA 315 cultivar, where different application rates and timing of nitrogen nutrition were tested. Flour protein fraction composition was quantified following two protocols. Nitrogen application affected glutenin concentration and protein fraction composition favoring polymeric proteins and increasing polymeric/monomeric proteins ratio, however, increase of flour polymeric proteins did not resulted in improved rheological properties. The nitrogen added in this experiment in the differen experiments was not enough to obtain good quality bakery flours. Low protein values were obtained in grain, low gluten concentration and the dough had low W value and high P/L, being very tenacious and no very extensible. Due to low grain protein concentration farinograph parameters could not be interpreted since, under these conditions they are overestimated. These results show that not only genotypic genetic information, should be considered, also gene expression regulation in response to environmental factors, such as nitrogen availability. Therefore, genotype should continue to be studied, both at the level of variation allelic individual and in combination of different alleles of grain reserve proteins. It is also necessary to incorporate in future studies amount and timing of nitrogen application and other nutrients, such us S, in order to obtain better quality bakery flours in La Pampa province.

scholarly journals The intersection of nitrogen nutrition and water use in plants: new paths toward improved crop productivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (15) ◽  
pp. 4452-4468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren C Plett ◽  
Kosala Ranathunge ◽  
Vanessa J Melino ◽  
Noriyuki Kuya ◽  
Yusaku Uga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Membrane Transporters ◽  
Nitrogen Transport ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Root Barriers

Abstract Water and nitrogen availability limit crop productivity globally more than most other environmental factors. Plant availability of macronutrients such as nitrate is, to a large extent, regulated by the amount of water available in the soil, and, during drought episodes, crops can become simultaneously water and nitrogen limited. In this review, we explore the intricate relationship between water and nitrogen transport in plants, from transpiration-driven mass flow in the soil to uptake by roots via membrane transporters and channels and transport to aerial organs. We discuss the roles of root architecture and of suberized hydrophobic root barriers governing apoplastic water and nitrogen movement into the vascular system. We also highlight the need to identify the signalling cascades regulating water and nitrogen transport, as well as the need for targeted physiological analyses of plant traits influencing water and nitrogen uptake. We further advocate for incorporation of new phenotyping technologies, breeding strategies, and agronomic practices to improve crop yield in water- and nitrogen-limited production systems.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effects of Nitrogen Application on Vegetative Growth and Productivity in Genotypes of Ragi (Eleusine coracana Gaertn.) under Saline Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Agarwal ◽  
Ashok Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Soil Nitrogen Availability ◽  
N Nutrition ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Salinity Levels

Background: Salinity and low soil nitrogen availability are important growth limiting factors for most crops. The proper use of N fertilizer is not only important for growth but it may also alter the salinity tolerance of plants depending on the level of salinity. Methods: The present study was undertaken to determine the interactive effects of N nutrition and saline irrigations (3, 6, 7.2, 10, 12 and 14 dSm-1) on growth and grain productivity in two varieties of finger millet viz. VL-315 and Local Hills. Different growth and productivity parameters (like plant height, dry weight of shoot, root and leaves, dry weight of panicle/plant, no. of grains, grain yield/plant etc.) adversely affected by saline irrigations, however, nitrogen nutrition minimized at different levels of salinity. Result: The positive response of nitrogen was comparatively higher at lower salinity levels (3-7.2 dSm-1) as well as at control than higher salinity (10-14 dSm-1). The effect of salinity was lower in cv. VL- 315 than Local Hills, but the interactive effects of N nutrition and salinity also enhanced the dry weight of shoot, root, leaves, dry weight of panicles and grains/plant. It is probable that N nutrition had enhanced assimilation of NO3-1-N, through the activity of NRA which further increased total nitrogen and protein content in leaves, hence, enhanced growth, biological and grain yield in both cultivars.

Effect of stubble management during different fallow periods on nitrogen nutrition of wheat on an irrigated black earth

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 869 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ White ◽  
PG Saffigna ◽  
I Vallis
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Soil Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Irrigated Wheat

A series of field experiments was conducted on a black earth of the Darling Downs, in south-eastern Queensland, to examine nitrogen availability to irrigated wheat (Triticum aestivum) after stubble of the previous crop had been either removed, mulched, or incorporated. Three crop sequences were considered: S-W, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), short (3-month) fallow, wheat; W-W, wheat, normal (7-month) fallow, wheat; LFW, sorghum, long (15-month) fallow, wheat. The effect of stubble management on the availability of nitrogen to the test crop of wheat in each sequence was assessed by the response of the test crop to urea applied at planting (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 kg N/ha). Soil mineral nitrogen was measured at the beginning and end of the fallow during the experiments. There was a little evidence that stubble management influenced plant growth in any of these cropping sequences. Responses to nitrogen were very large in the S-W sequence, moderate in the W-W and very slight in the LFW sequence. Apart from a slight effect in the S-W sequence, measured soil mineral nitrogen concentrations were unaffected by stubble treatments.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document