Effect of stubble management during different fallow periods on nitrogen nutrition of wheat on an irrigated black earth

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 869 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ White ◽  
PG Saffigna ◽  
I Vallis
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Soil Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Slight Effect ◽  
Previous Crop ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Irrigated Wheat

A series of field experiments was conducted on a black earth of the Darling Downs, in south-eastern Queensland, to examine nitrogen availability to irrigated wheat (Triticum aestivum) after stubble of the previous crop had been either removed, mulched, or incorporated. Three crop sequences were considered: S-W, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), short (3-month) fallow, wheat; W-W, wheat, normal (7-month) fallow, wheat; LFW, sorghum, long (15-month) fallow, wheat. The effect of stubble management on the availability of nitrogen to the test crop of wheat in each sequence was assessed by the response of the test crop to urea applied at planting (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 kg N/ha). Soil mineral nitrogen was measured at the beginning and end of the fallow during the experiments. There was a little evidence that stubble management influenced plant growth in any of these cropping sequences. Responses to nitrogen were very large in the S-W sequence, moderate in the W-W and very slight in the LFW sequence. Apart from a slight effect in the S-W sequence, measured soil mineral nitrogen concentrations were unaffected by stubble treatments.

Effect of lupin management on the yield of subsequent wheat crops in a lupin-wheat rotation

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 603 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Petch ◽  
RW Smith
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Soil Mineral Nitrogen

Wheat was grown in a series of 1:1 rotation cycles with sweet lupins over 8 years on three sites in Western Australia. Grain yield of wheat was the main test used to compare five lupin management treatments with a control treatment, 'no-lupins'. The lupins were cut as for silage, cut as for hay, or harvested as mature grain, the stubble being burnt or removed in summer, or turned into the soil the next autumn. Nitrogen taken up in the lupins and in the wheat was measured, as well as soil mineral nitrogen in the top 10 cm in the final year. Lupin yield and nitrogen content within any year were similar over all treatments. As much nitrogen was removed in hay and silage as in mature lupins, but wheat yielded most grain after the 'silage' and 'hay' treatments, and least after 'no-lupins' or after the 'remove' and 'turn-in' stubble treatments. Nitrogen uptakes in young wheat plants point to treatment effects due to differences in nitrogen availability, but the treatments also caused different weed populations which at least partially affected wheat yields. Herbicide control of encroaching weeds in the lupins raised soil nitrate levels the following summer and increased subsequent wheat yields.

scholarly journals Field experiments with slurry and dicyandiamide: response of potatoes and effects on soil mineral nitrogen

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-109
Author(s):  
W.P. Wadman ◽  
J.J. Neeteson ◽  
G.J. Wijnen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Soil Mineral Nitrogen

In the period of 1983-1985, 18 field experiments with potatoes grown for industrial starch production were set up in the Netherlands to investigate the effects of poultry-slurry application on tuber yield and on soil mineral nitrogen. Slurry was applied in autumn with and without the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) and in spring without DCD. Control treatments without slurry or DCD were included. Various nitrogen fertilizer rates were applied to all slurry treatments. In autumn, following slurry application without DCD, slurry-derived nitrate moved to the 0.3-0.6 and 0.6-1 m soil layers. Following DCD-application, most of the slurry-derived nitrate remained in the 0-0.3 m soil layer. Maximum yields as estimated from a nitrogen fertilizer response function were slightly increased by the slurry application. Nitrogen supplied from the slurry decreased the amount of fertilizer nitrogen needed for maximum yield. Increasing the amounts of soil mineral nitrogen in June from slurry or applied inorganic nitrogen fertilizer increased residual soil mineral nitrogen at harvest.

Nitrogen availability in a Darling Downs soil following cereal, oilseed and grain legume crops. 1. Soil nitrogen accumulation

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 347 ◽  
Author(s):  
WM Strong ◽  
J Harbison ◽  
RGH Nielsen ◽  
BD Hall ◽  
EK Best
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Soil Mineral N ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Soil Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Mineral N

Available soil mineral nitrogen (N) was determined in a Darling Downs clay at intervals of 4-6 weeks throughout summer and autumn after harvest of two cereals (wheat and oats), two oilseeds (rapeseed and linseed), and four grain legumes (chickpea, fieldpea, lupin and lathyrus). Soil mineral N (0-1.2 m) at 40,68, 107, 150 and 185 days after harvest was affected (P < 0.05) by the prior crop. At 40 days it was generally higher following grain legumes (34-76 kg/ha N) than following oilseeds or cereals (16-30 kg/ha N). Net increase during the next 145 days was in the order of cereals (2 1-27 kg/ha N) < oilseeds (40 kg/ha N) <grain legumes (53-85 kg/ha N). These differences are partly accounted for by differences in the quantities of N removed in the grain of these crops. However, a large quantity of mineral N accumulated following lupin even though a large quantity (80 kg/ha) was removed in the grain.

Role of soil mineral nitrogen for agricultural crops: Nitrogen nutrition diagnostics in Lithuania

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gediminas Staugaitis ◽  
Zigmas Vaisvila ◽  
Jonas Mazvila ◽  
Jonas Arbaciauskas ◽  
Tomas Adomaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Soil Mineral Nitrogen

Importance of mineral nitrogen in the subsoil to yield and uptake of nitrogen by wheat in southern New South Wales

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
AC Taylor ◽  
WJ Lill ◽  
AA McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Soil Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

Dry matter and nitrogen uptake of wheat tops at flowering, dry matter and nitrogen of wheat grain at maturity, and soil mineral nitrogen (0-90 cm) at sowing and flowering, were measured at 68 sites (1 experiment per site in 5 Shires) in southern New South Wales to test the hypotheses that: (i) mineral nitrogen below 30 cm would improve the prediction of wheat yields, (ii) soil mineral nitrogen would be better indicated by wheat yields at flowering than those at maturity, and (iii) soil mineral nitrogen would be better indicated by nitrogen uptake by wheat than by dry matter yields. Mineral nitrogen concentrations in soil at depths greater than 30 cm did not improve the prediction of wheat attributes, but hypotheses (ii) and (iii) were validated. Curvilinear regressions, significant (P< 0.05) on 2 occasions, were not important in this study. The best regression of wheat dry matter at flowering against soil mineral nitrogen at sowing was a single straight line, but the best models for the other 3 wheat variables were all bilinear. The best of the latter related the uptake of nitrogen by wheat at flowering to mineral nitrogen in the soil at sowing as follows: FNUH = (31.6 � 5.9) + (0.892 � 0.110) TMNS30 and FNUL = (9.7 � 7.3) + (0.892 � 0.110) TMNS30 where FNUH is nitrogen uptake by wheat at flowering (kg/ha) in 1960, 1964 and 1966 (when Shire wheat yields were above the Shire's long term average), FNUL is nitrogen uptake by wheat at flowering (kg/ha) in 1961, 1965 and 1974 (when Shire wheat yields were below the Shire's long term average), and TMNS30 is total mineral nitrogen (0-30 cm) (kg/ha) at sowing.

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