scholarly journals Development of Mangrove Sediment Quality Index in Matang Mangrove Forest Reserve, Malaysia: A Synergetic Approach

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1279
Author(s):  
Ahmad Mustapha Mohamad Pazi ◽  
Waseem Razzaq Khan ◽  
Ahmad Ainuddin Nuruddin ◽  
Mohd Bakri Adam ◽  
Seca Gandaseca
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Mangrove Sediment ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Distinct Level ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Many

Sediment is an important part of heavy metal cycling in the coastal ecosystem, acting as a potential sink and source of inorganic and organic contaminants as environmental conditions change. The productivity of mangroves is utterly dependent on sediment enrichment. Moreover, mangrove sediment can trap pollutants discharged by households, industries, and agriculture activities. In this regard, it is essential to assess sediment quality in the presence–absence of heavy metals that are toxic to most living organisms. Thus, the question of how sediment quality is used as an index in the mangrove domain has arisen. Due to the many complex characteristics such as seasonal zones, tidal patterns, flora and fauna, and water, no specific method is used in Malaysia for assessing and monitoring mangrove sediment quality. Thus, the current study intended to develop a mangrove sediment quality index (MSQi) in the Matang mangrove forest in Perak, Malaysia. An area was selected based on the distinct level of mangrove disturbances. At 1.5 m depth, sediments were sampled in five segments (0–15, 15–30, 30–50, 50–100, and 100–150 cm). All the sediment physicochemical properties were then analysed. Fourteen variables were chosen and included in MSQi. This index categorises mangrove sediment levels as I = Very Bad, II = Bad, III = Moderate, IV = Good, and V = Excellent. MSQi will be used as a guideline in monitoring mangrove sediment pollution. In conclusion, the data analysis showed that the Sepetang River (SR) was highly disturbed, followed by the Tinggi River (TR) (moderately disturbed), and the Tiram Laut River (TLR) (least disturbed).

INNOVATIVE MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES: CASE STUDY OF MANGROVE AREA IN KUALA GULA, PERAK

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salina Nor Azam ◽  
Tanot Unjah
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Mangrove Area ◽  
Innovative Management ◽  
The Innovative Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Management Approaches

This paper attempts to identify and explicate sustainability approach through innovative management of natural resources that is able to create balance between conservation and utilization of natural resources. Innovative management of natural resources is related to the act of bringing changes or an introduction to a novelty idea for achieving organisational goal which involves organising people, finances and resources, training, controlling, monitoring, and sanctioning. The study focuses on the mangrove ecosystem, one of the most sensitive natural resources in the country, which has been successfully managed by the government through top down approach. Data was gathered through content analysis and interviews with several key persons from the study area. This paper firstly compares the different management approaches in Matang Mangrove Forest Reserve and Kuala Gula Mangrove, before finally elaborating on the innovative management of the latter.

Nature of Soils and Soil Development

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Earl B. Alexander ◽  
Roger G. Coleman ◽  
Todd Keeler-Wolfe ◽  
Susan P. Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limit ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Root Penetration ◽  
Unconsolidated Material ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Porous Soil ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The Many

We walk on soils frequently, but we seldom observe them. Soils are massive, even though they are porous. Soil 1m (40 inches) deep over an area of 1 hectare (2.5 acres) might weigh 10,000–15,000 metric tons. It is teeming with life. There are trillions, or quadrillions, of living organisms (mostly microorganisms), representing thousands of species, in each square meter of soil (Metting 1993). In fact, species diversity, or number of species, may be greater below ground than above ground. We seldom see these organisms because we seldom look below ground or dig into it. The many worms and insects one finds digging in a garden are a small fraction of the species in soils because the greatest diversity of soil-dwelling species exists among microscopic insects, mites, roundworms (or nematodes), and fungi. Even though individual organisms in soils are mostly very small or microscopic, the total mass of living organisms in a hectare of soil, excluding plant roots, may be 1–5 or 10 metric tons. More than one-half of that biomass is bacteria and fungi. Living microorganism biomass generally accounts for about 1%–5% of the organic carbon and about 2%–6% of the nitrogen in soils (Lavelle and Spain 2001). The upper limit of soil is the ground surface of the earth. The lower limit is bedrock for engineers, or the depth of root penetration for edaphologists. Unconsolidated material that engineers call soil can be called “regolith” (Merrill 1897, Jackson 1997) to distinguish it from the soil of pedologists and edaphologists. Regolith may consist of disintegrated bedrock, gravel, sand, clay, or other materials that have not been consolidated to form rock. Pedologists investigate the upper part of regolith, where changes are effected by exchanges of gases between soil and aboveground atmosphere and by biological activity. This soil of pedologists may coincide with that of edaphologists or include more regolith. In fact, the lower limit of soil that pedologists investigate is arbitrary, unless this limit is a contact with bedrock that is practically impenetrable with pick and shovel.

scholarly journals Selection of Macroinvertebrate Indices and Metrics for Assessing Sediment Quality in the St. Lawrence River (QC, Canada)

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3335
Author(s):  
Mélanie Desrosiers ◽  
Bernadette Pinel-Alloul ◽  
Charlotte Spilmont
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Community ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
St Lawrence River

This study aims to evaluate the anthropogenic pressure in the St. Lawrence River by assessing the relationships between composition and chemical contamination of sediments and macroinvertebrate community structure using a selection of indices and metrics. The aims of this study are to (i) determine the composition of macroinvertebrate community in sediments across a gradient of disturbance, (ii) select relevant macroinvertebrate indices and metrics for the assessment of sediment quality, (iii) investigate whether responses of selected indices and metrics differ across habitats and/or sediment quality classes, and finally, (iv) determine the thresholds for critical contaminants related to significant changes in the most relevant indices and metrics. Organic and inorganic contaminants as well as other sediment variables (sediment grain size, total organic carbon, nutrients, etc.) and macroinvertebrate assemblages were determined in 59 sites along the river. Fourteen macroinvertebrate indices and metrics, on the 264 initially selected, were shown to be the most effective to be used in bioassessment for the St. Lawrence River. However, the variation in macroinvertebrate indices and metrics remains strongly explained by habitat characteristics, such as sediment grain size or the level of nutrients. There is also an influence of metals and, to a lesser extent, organic contaminants such as petroleum hydrocarbons. The 14 selected indices and metrics are promising bioassessment tools that are easy to use and interpret in an environmental assessment of sediment quality in the St. Lawrence River.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis of early mangrove regeneration in the Matang Mangrove Forest Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia, using geomatics

2020 ◽  
Vol 472 ◽  
pp. 118213
Author(s):  
Viviana Otero ◽  
Richard Lucas ◽  
Ruben Van De Kerchove ◽  
Behara Satyanarayana ◽  
Husain Mohd-Lokman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Forest Reserve

On the Limitation of Fenton Oxidation Operational Parameters: A Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basheer Hasan Diya'uddeen ◽  
Abdul Aziz A.R. ◽  
W.M.A.W. Daud
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Catalytic Decomposition ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Fenton Oxidation ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Fenton Reagents ◽  
The Many

Abstract The literature on the use of Fenton oxidation in wastewater treatment has established the method as one of the most effective and suitable methods for recalcitrant wastewater treatment. It is an advanced oxidation process (AOP) that utilises the highly reactive hydroxyl radical (•OH) to aggressively and non-selectively destroy organic contaminants. The Fenton oxidation possesses environmental and economic benefits coupled with effective mineralisation of most wastewater organics. Broadly, the Fenton oxidation encompasses three types of oxidation routes for the production of •OH: (i) through the use of Fenton reagents alone, termed classical Fenton oxidation (CFO), (ii) assisted by means of UV (photo-Fenton), or (iii) electron beams (electro-Fenton). However, this review is limited to CFO, which involves the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by suitable transition metals to generate •OH. Despite the many advantages of the CFO process, there are issues related to operational parameters and the final treated wastewater, the most notable being pH modulation, the presence of the catalyst and the cost of the oxidant (H2O2). Furthermore, sludge generation constitutes an apparent drawback to the utilisation of this technology. This paper attempts to review the highlighted limitations and presents researches and advances reported in the literature addressing these issues.

scholarly journals Carbon stock estimation of mangrove forest in Sulaman Lake Forest Reserve, Sabah, Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Normah Awang Besar ◽  
NURUL SYAKILAH SUHAILI ◽  
JIM LIEW JUN FEI ◽  
FAUZAN WAJDI SHA’ARI ◽  
MUHAMMAD IZZUDDIN IDRIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Soil Carbon Stock ◽  
Stock Estimation ◽  
Total Carbon Stock

Abstract. Besar NA, Suhaili NS, Fei JLJ, Sha’ari FW, Idris MI, Hatta SH, Kodoh J. 2020. Carbon stock estimation of Sulaman Lake Forest Reserve in Sabah, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 21: 5657-5664. Mangrove forest has a significant role in sequestering carbon gases from the atmosphere but there are lesser literature has been made on it. This research was conducted to quantify the aboveground, belowground and soil carbon stock in Sulaman Lake Forest Reserve, Sabah, Malaysia. Nine transect lines with 125 m length were established and a circle with 7 m radius was set in every 25 m. Forest inventory was done to get the diameter breast height of standing trees and soil sampling with four different depths (0-15 cm, 15-30 cm, 30-50 cm and 50-100 cm) were taken for soil analysis and bulk density. Allometric equation was used to calculate aboveground and belowground biomass then its carbon stock was estimated as 50% from its total biomass. The result shows the total carbon stock in the study area was 441.72 Mg C ha-1, and soil has the highest value of carbon stock (351.98 ± 11.73 Mg C ha-1) followed by aboveground carbon (67.30 ± 20.55 Mg C ha-1) and belowground carbon (22.44 ± 0.17 Mg C ha-1). This study found that soil carbon stock made up almost 80% of the total carbon stock in the mangrove forest. This ecosystem also shows a higher value of carbon stock compared to other locations hence emphasized the importance of prioritizing a mangrove forest in any climate mitigation efforts.

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