scholarly journals A New Clonal Propagation Protocol Develops Quality Root Systems in Chestnut

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 826
Author(s):  
Patrícia Fernandes ◽  
Sara Tedesco ◽  
Inês Vieira da Silva ◽  
Carmen Santos ◽  
Helena Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
European Chestnut ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
Large Production

There is, at the present time, a great demand for chestnut rootstocks with improved resistance to Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands in the nurseries. New genotypes are emerging from European chestnut breeding programs and the production of thriving plants to restore old orchards with low yields due to a high incidence of diseases, namely root rot, is necessary. Micropropagation is a useful technique for clonal propagation. Nevertheless, in vitro culture propagation is genotype-dependent. Consequently, the existing protocols may demonstrate poor reproducibility and low efficacy. Thus, the need to contribute to the development of new micropropagation protocols suitable for large production of emerging genotypes. As a contribution to fill this gap, a three-step protocol was developed by using new combinations of Murashige & Skoog, Woody Plant, and adapted modified Melin-Norkrans media in different stages of the propagation process. About 90% of shoots were rooted, and after three months of acclimatization, 85% of these plants survived and were capable of continuous growth in the field. Currently, this protocol is being used in the production of several hybrid genotypes (with improved resistance to P. cinnamomi), selected from our ongoing breeding program and also in Castanea sativa Mill. and Castanea crenata Siebold and Zucc. species.

Effects of partial in vitro digestion on properties of European chestnut ( Castanea sativa Mill) flour

2016 ◽  
Vol 640 ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna De Mônaco Lopes ◽  
Ivo Mottin Demiate ◽  
Vivian Cristina Ito ◽  
Cristina Soltovski de Oliveira ◽  
Marco Aurélio da Silva Carvalho Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
European Chestnut ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill

scholarly journals Efficacy of biofungicides Supresivit and Polyversum against Phytophthora root pathogens on European chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
G. Juhásová ◽  
S. Bernadovičová
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Pythium Oligandrum ◽  
European Chestnut ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
Ink Disease

The effect of two commercially produced biopreparations on the originators of chestnut ink disease in Slovakia – soil fungi Phytophthora cambivora and Phytophthora cinnamomi was tested in laboratory conditions. Investigations of interrelations between Trichoderma harzianum (Pythium oligandrum) and isolates of Phytophthora sp. obtained from infected tissues of Castanea sativa Mill. proved more important inhibitive effects for Pythium oligandrum (biopreparation Polyversum) efficiency 25.3% (Ph. cambivora) and 26.2% (Ph. cinnamomi). Biopreparation Supresivit (Trichoderma harzianum) reached the efficiency 9.1% for Ph. cambivora isolates and 9.2% for Ph. cinnamomi isolates. Significant effect of the used bioformulas for inhibition of mycelial growth of both Phytophthora sp. and significant difference in the efficacy of two different bioformulas were confirmed statistically.  

GENETIC DIVERSITY OF EUROPEAN CHESTNUT (CASTANEA SATIVA MILL.) IN ISTRIA AND PRIMORSKO-GORANSKA COUNTY (CROATIA)

2014 ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
I. Prgomet ◽  
D. Torello Marinoni ◽  
D. Donno ◽  
Z. Prgomet ◽  
I. Mujić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
European Chestnut ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill

scholarly journals Influence of Ca2+ and 6-benzyladenine on chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) in vitro shoot-tip necrosis

Plant Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Piagnani ◽  
Graziano Zocchi ◽  
Ilaria Mignani
Keyword(s):  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
Shoot Tip Necrosis

SELECTION OF CASTANEA SATIVA MILL. FOR RESISTANCE TO PHYTOPHTHORA CINNAMOMI: TESTING OF SELECTED CLONES

2009 ◽  
pp. 395-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Cuenca ◽  
M.R. Fernández ◽  
L. Ocaña ◽  
C. Salinero ◽  
C. Pintos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Effects of hydrolyzable tannin extract obtained from sweet chestnut wood (Castanea sativa Mill.) against bacteria causing subclinical mastitis in Thai Friesian dairy cows

2021 ◽  
pp. 2427-2433
Author(s):  
Tipwadee Prapaiwong ◽  
Wuttikorn Srakaew ◽  
Chalong Wachirapakorn ◽  
Chaiwat Jarassaeng
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Tannin Extract ◽  
Hydrolyzable Tannin ◽  
Sweet Chestnut ◽  
Hydrolyzable Tannins ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill

Background and Aim: Hydrolyzable tannins are an important group of secondary plant metabolites, which are known for antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to assess the efficiency with which a hydrolyzable tannin extract from sweet chestnut wood (Castanea sativa Mill.) could inhibit mastitis-causing bacteria in vitro. Materials and Methods: The negative control used was sterile water, and the positive controls were penicillin and gentamicin. The treatments included five concentrations of hydrolyzable tannins (63, 190, 313, 630, and 940 mg/mL). In cows with subclinical mastitis, the bacteria causing the disease were isolated and identified. Then, the antibacterial activity of the hydrolyzable tannin extract was assessed by the disk diffusion method, by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and by determining the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Results: Penicillin inhibited (p<0.01) the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus uberis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa but could not inhibit (p>0.05) the growth of Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, gentamicin and hydrolyzable tannins could inhibit (p<0.01) all isolated bacteria. Increasing the concentration of hydrolyzable tannin extract resulted in a quadratic increase in the inhibition zone diameter of S. aureus and S. agalactiae and a linear increase in the inhibition zone diameter of E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa. In addition, 630 and 940 mg/mL of hydrolyzable tannin extract showed the highest antibacterial activity against S. agalactiae and E. coli (p<0.01), while 940 mg/mL concentration had the highest antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae (p<0.01). The MIC and MBC of the extract were 27.3-190 mg/mL and 58.8-235 mg/mL, respectively, with the MBC: MIC ratio being 2:1. Conclusion: The antimicrobial activity of the hydrolyzable tannin extract against subclinical mastitis bacteria was comparable to the antibiotics (positive controls) at concentrations over 630 mg/mL. Although these in vitro findings are promising, further research is needed to determine whether hydrolyzable tannins could be used to control or prevent subclinical mastitis in dairy cows.

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