scholarly journals Large Area Forest Yield Estimation with Pushbroom Digital Aerial Photogrammetry

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Strunk ◽  
Petteri Packalen ◽  
Peter Gould ◽  
Demetrios Gatziolis ◽  
Caleb Maki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Performance Estimation ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Federal Organizations ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

Low-cost methods to measure forest structure are needed to consistently and repeatedly inventory forest conditions over large areas. In this study we investigate low-cost pushbroom Digital Aerial Photography (DAP) to aid in the estimation of forest volume over large areas in Washington State (USA). We also examine the effects of plot location precision (low versus high) and Digital Terrain Model (DTM) resolution (1 m versus 10 m) on estimation performance. Estimation with DAP and post-stratification with high-precision plot locations and a 1 m DTM was 4 times as efficient (precision per number of plots) as estimation without remote sensing and 3 times as efficient when using low-precision plot locations and a 10 m DTM. These findings can contribute significantly to efforts to consistently estimate and map forest yield across entire states (or equivalent) or even nations. The broad-scale, high-resolution, and high-precision information provided by pushbroom DAP facilitates used by a wide variety of user types such a towns and cities, small private timber owners, fire prevention groups, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), counties, and state and federal organizations.

scholarly journals Mapping of slopes for the operation of agricultural harvesters in Bandeirantes Municipality (PR)

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Gustavo Rodrigues Gimenes ◽  
Rone Batista Oliveira ◽  
Alessandra Fagioli da Silva ◽  
Luiz Carlos Reis ◽  
Teresinha Esteves da Silveira Reis
Keyword(s):  
Ground Surface ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Spatial Point ◽  
Aster Gdem ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Contour Lines ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Point Data

The slope of terrain represents a risk factor for mechanized harvesting, leading to impediments or restrictions on agricultural operations, or even to machines toppling over in the field. Recently, the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) has become widely adopted as one of the most viable techniques for obtaining slope and elevation. Therefore, this study aims to assess methods of acquiring DTMs to calculate the slope, and to determine the areas that are suitable and unsuitable for the operation of harvesters in the municipality of Bandeirantes (PR). Four methods were selected to produce DTMs for the construction of slope zoning maps applicable for harvester operations. The image sources included SRTM, ASTER GDEM, digitizing contour lines and kriging of spatial point data. After generating DTMs by the four different methods, the area suitable for the operation of harvesters was obtained based on the limits of operational slopes for harvesters in the literature. The high-resolution images, such as those obtained by scanning the contour lines and ASTER GDEM gave the best representation of the ground surface. Regardless of the method used to obtain the operational slopes, the municipality has a large area that is suitable for mechanized harvesting.

E-Government Strategy in Turkey

2012 ◽  
pp. 351-373
Author(s):  
Ronan de Kervenoael ◽  
Ipek Kocoglu
Keyword(s):  
Market Orientation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Smart Phones ◽  
Data Services ◽  
Government Services ◽  
Interactive Applications ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Gain Access

Market orientation strategies are now expected to be integrated and enacted by firms and governments alike. While private services will surely continue to take the lead in mobile strategy orientation, others such as government and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) are also becoming prominent Mobile Players (m-Players). Enhanced data services through smart phones are raising expectations that governments will finally deliver services that are in line with a consumer ICT lifestyle. To date, it is not certain which form of technological standards will take the lead, e.g. enhanced m-services or traditional Internet-based applications. Yet, with the introduction of interactive applications and fully transactional services via 3G smart phones, the currently untapped segment of the population (without computers) have the potential to gain access to government services at a low cost.

scholarly journals Evaluation On Different UAV’s Georeferencing Points to Generate Accurate Orthophoto and Digital Terrain Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD HAFIZ AIZUDDIN BIN MOHD ZAIDI ◽  
Khairul Nizam Tahar
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Navigation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Optimum Number ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Ground Control Points ◽  
Waypoint Navigation ◽  
User Friendly

UAV or drone application of autonomy ranging can be divided into several levels, from basic hovering and position over trajectory tracking and waypoint navigation to fully autonomous navigation. This study used the DroneDeploy application for an autonomous flight mission. It is the process of taking photographs from an aircraft or other flying objects with a camera mounted on them to produce a three-dimensional (3D) map from the images captured, including a digital terrain model (DTM) and orthophotos. As for this study, the same output will be generated, but different flight parameter applications were used. Therefore, the study determined the optimum number of ground control points (GCPs) and evaluated the accuracy of the final results for each flight design. Acquired data were processed using the Pix4D modeller software due to the user-friendly factor and faster processing rate offered by the software. The results were analysed, and recommendations were made for future study improvement and to avoid similar problems. This study is useful for the mapping industry to achieve high accuracy results.  Keywords: Aerial photogrammetry, Flight Parameter, UAV apps, DTM, Orthophotos, GCPs

scholarly journals 3D RECORDING AND MODELLING OF MIDDLE-AGE FORTRESS IN DENSE VEGETATION ENVIRONMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W5 ◽  
pp. 415-420
Author(s):  
M. Koehl ◽  
Y. Courtois ◽  
S. Guillemin
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Dense Vegetation ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Pass Through

The Schwartzenbourg castle is a Middle-Ages fortress which was built in 1261. It is situated above the valley of Munster in Alsace, France. It was mainly used as a fortified place and a jail. In the early 15th century, the structure has deteriorated. Even after some repairs, it fell into ruins during the Thirty Years’ war (1618-1648) and stayed uninhabited. During World War I, the German army used the place as a vantage point and also built a blockhouse inside the ruins. Nowadays, the ruins are gradually collapsing and the remains of the old walls are completely covered by thick plants.<br><br> The goal of this project was to create a 3D-model of the site before closing its access, which became too dangerous for people. This modelling is divided into two elements: on one hand, a digital terrain model (DTM) of the site in order to replace the castle and to analyze the background of its original environment; on the other hand, a 3D modelling of the ruins of the castle invaded by the vegetation. Indeed, the main difficulty of the measurement is obviously the dense vegetation which hides the castle. Held back for years outside the castle, it has now become an integral part of the ruins. This vegetation is finally today usually the first threat of heritage buildings. After a preliminary inspection of the site as well as difficulties of the project, the first step consisted of the survey of the whole environment of the site. We will therefore describe the different phases of the survey with the initial implementation of a georeferenced network on site. We will present the terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) surveys, then complementary surveys carried out by aerial photogrammetry. To be implemented, we had to wait for an advanced autumn in order to have as few leaves on trees as possible. The major step of processing of point clouds described in this paper is then the extraction of a DTM by using techniques to pass through the vegetation, or better to segment the points into different classes, one of these that would be the soil i.e. DTM, another consists into wall parts of the ruins.

scholarly journals CLOSE RANGE DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY APPLIED TO TOPOGRAPHY AND LANDSLIDE MEASUREMENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B5 ◽  
pp. 875-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Cheng Liu ◽  
Wei-Che Huang
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Landslide Monitoring ◽  
Digital Photogrammetry ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Gps Measurement ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Close Range ◽  
Central Taiwan

Landslide monitoring is a crucial tool for the prevention of hazards. It is often the only solution for the survey and the early-warning of large landslides cannot be stabilized. The objective of present study is to use a low-cost image system to monitor the active landslides. We adopted the direct linear transformation (DLT) method in close range digital photogrammetry to measure terrain of landslide at the Huoyen Shan, Miaoli of central Taiwan and to compare measured results with e-GPS. The results revealed that the relative error in surface area was approximately 1.7% as comparing the photogrammetry with DLT method and e-GPS measurement. It showed that the close range digital photogrammetry with DLT method had the availability and capability to measure the landslides. The same methodology was then applied to measure the terrain before landslide and after landslide in the study area. The digital terrain model (DTM) was established and then was used to calculate the volume of the terrain before landslide and after landslide. The volume difference before and after landslides was 994.16 m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;.

The problem of prevention

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-58
Author(s):  
Christopher Dye
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Testable Hypothesis ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Information Trust ◽  
Imminent Threat

Most people aspire to healthy living but staying healthy and preventing illness carry a cost—counted in money, time, effort, information, trust, and willpower. The principles of prevention can be framed as a conditional, testable hypothesis: prevention is more likely to be favoured when individuals or populations can choose, given the constraints presented in any setting, a low-cost, high-efficacy method of averting a large, probable, imminent threat to health. The decisions that people make about health depend, not only on quantified options, risks, hazards, and timing, but also on the incentives, motives, powers, and values of everyone who has a stake in the outcome—individuals, governments, non-governmental organizations, businesses, and others. Data presented in this chapter suggest that more money and effort are invested in prevention today than is commonly thought, but the enormous, persistent, avoidable burden of ill health is a reason to seek ways of investing still more.

scholarly journals Low cost, multiscale and multi-sensor application for flooded area mapping

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1493-1516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Giordan ◽  
Davide Notti ◽  
Alfredo Villa ◽  
Francesco Zucca ◽  
Fabiana Calò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Flooded Area

Abstract. Flood mapping and estimation of the maximum water depth are essential elements for the first damage evaluation, civil protection intervention planning and detection of areas where remediation is needed. In this work, we present and discuss a methodology for mapping and quantifying flood severity over floodplains. The proposed methodology considers a multiscale and multi-sensor approach using free or low-cost data and sensors. We applied this method to the November 2016 Piedmont (northwestern Italy) flood. We first mapped the flooded areas at the basin scale using free satellite data from low- to medium-high-resolution from both the SAR (Sentinel-1, COSMO-Skymed) and multispectral sensors (MODIS, Sentinel-2). Using very- and ultra-high-resolution images from the low-cost aerial platform and remotely piloted aerial system, we refined the flooded zone and detected the most damaged sector. The presented method considers both urbanised and non-urbanised areas. Nadiral images have several limitations, in particular in urbanised areas, where the use of terrestrial images solved this limitation. Very- and ultra-high-resolution images were processed with structure from motion (SfM) for the realisation of 3-D models. These data, combined with an available digital terrain model, allowed us to obtain maps of the flooded area, maximum high water area and damaged infrastructures.

Towards Regional and Economic Development

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thore Thomassen ◽  
Peter Beckus ◽  
Ieva Serapinaite
Keyword(s):  
Da Vinci ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Leonardo Da Vinci ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Bilateral Agreement ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Research Programmes ◽  
Training Research ◽  
Further Development

Networking is an effective strategy for both economic and regional development, as the results of project management at the trans-regional level demonstrate. Cooperation between the Western Norway Training Partnership (WNTP) and Erfurt Technology Centre (TZE) shows that international teamwork is productive and that project administration is relatively low-cost. Both partners have carried out various projects within the European Commission's COMETT, Leonardo Da Vinci and Fifth Framework Research programmes. Seven years of cooperation between WNTP and TZE have resulted not only in increased awareness about both regions in political, academic and business circles, but also in the establishment of the Trade House, to increase exports, as well as the completion of a Bilateral Agreement of Regional Cooperation for further development of activities and contacts. Inter-regional and inter-sectoral links with local authorities, financial funds, research institutes, innovation centres and non-governmental organizations have been established to explore further possibilities for cooperation in training, research, business and culture. In this paper, the partners share experiences, analyse implications and discuss strategies that bring mutual benefits.

scholarly journals Individual Tree Detection and Qualitative Inventory of a Eucalyptus sp. Stand Using UAV Photogrammetry Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3655
Author(s):  
André Almeida ◽  
Fabio Gonçalves ◽  
Gilson Silva ◽  
Adriano Mendonça ◽  
Maria Gonzaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Individual Trees

Digital aerial photogrammetry (DAP) data acquired by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) have been increasingly used for forest inventory and monitoring. In this study, we evaluated the potential of UAV photogrammetry data to detect individual trees, estimate their heights (ht), and monitor the initial silvicultural quality of 1.5-year-old Eucalyptus sp. stand in northeastern Brazil. DAP estimates were compared with accurate tree locations obtained with real time kinematic (RTK) positioning and direct height measurements obtained in the field. In addition, we assessed the quality of a DAP-UAV digital terrain model (DTM) derived using an alternative ground classification approach and investigated its performance in the retrieval of individual tree attributes. The DTM built for the stand presented an RMSE of 0.099 m relative to the RTK measurements, showing no bias. The normalized 3D point cloud enabled the identification of over 95% of the stand trees and the estimation of their heights with an RMSE of 0.36 m (11%). However, ht was systematically underestimated, with a bias of 0.22 m (6.7%). A linear regression model, was fitted to estimate tree height from a maximum height metric derived from the point cloud reduced the RMSE by 20%. An assessment of uniformity indices calculated from both field and DAP heights showed no statistical difference. The results suggest that products derived from DAP-UAV may be used to generate accurate DTMs in young Eucalyptus sp. stands, detect individual trees, estimate ht, and determine stand uniformity with the same level of accuracy obtained in traditional forest inventories.

scholarly journals Sustainability of conservation agriculture adoption and the role lead farmers play in Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Joe Stevens ◽  
Nyathi ◽  
Salomons
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Agriculture Extension

Conservation Agriculture (CA) has been promoted widely in Zimbabwe through several organizations, including government and non-governmental organizations, to help address food insecurity. The sustainability of donor led interventions has been questioned as they are of limited duration, and some research has reported that farmers stop practicing CA when a project ends. However, agriculture extension services are reported crucial in adopting new agriculture technologies; hence, continued access to services is crucial for the sustainable uptake of CA. The use of farmer-led extension approaches has been used to reach more farmers at low cost to promote CA and for sustainability. The study evaluates the sustainability of CA practices as well as lead farmers roles after the end of Christian Care project activities. The findings reveal continued adoption of CA principles, albeit on a small scale. We conclude that CA has become part of the traditional farming system and recommend labour-saving technologies for the uptake of CA on a greater scale. Government extension support has also continued, although lead farmers played a minor role in these extension activities. Lead farmers alone cannot sustainably provide extension services without institutional support. The recommendation is that public extension systems work closely with lead farmers in communities to efficiently reach farmers and ensure better coordination between NGOs and government extension activities.

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