scholarly journals Heterologous Expression of the DREB Transcription Factor AhDREB in Populus tomentosa Carrière Confers Tolerance to Salt without Growth Reduction under Greenhouse Conditions

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Qi Guo ◽  
Nan Lu ◽  
Yuhan Sun ◽  
Wei Lv ◽  
Zijing Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Populus Tomentosa ◽  
Unintended Effects ◽  
Camv35s Promoter ◽  
Stress Response Genes ◽  
Dreb Transcription Factor ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Inducible Gene

The DREB transcription factors regulate multiple stress response genes, and are therefore useful for molecular plant breeding. AhDREB, a stress-inducible gene, was isolated from Atriplex hortensis L. and introduced into Populus tomentosa Carrière under the control of the CaMV35S promoter. Under salt stress, the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate were higher in transgenic lines than in the wild type (WT). Moreover, the rate of electrolyte penetration (REC) was lower in the transgenic lines. Additional analyses revealed that the AhDREB transgenic plants generally displayed lower malondialdehyde (MDA) activity but higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities and proline content than the WT under salt stress. RNA sequencing indicated that AhDREB could enhance tolerance to salt by activating various downstream genes in the transgenic plants. Furthermore, no growth inhibition was detected in transgenic plants expressing AhDREB driven by the constitutive CaMV35S promoter. The transcriptome showed 165 and 52 differentially expressed genes in transgenic plants under stress and non-stress conditions, respectively, among which no significant metabolic pathway was enriched and no unintended effects have yet been identified. Together, these results suggest that AhDREB may be a good candidate gene for increasing salt tolerance in transgenic poplar breeding.

CaLEA 73 gene from Capsicum annuum L. enhances drought and osmotic tolerance modulating transpiration rate in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Acosta-García ◽  
Angela M. Chapa-Oliver ◽  
Jesus R. Millán-Almaraz ◽  
Ramón G. Guevara-González ◽  
Elvira Cortez-Baheza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Osmotic Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Lines

Acosta-García, G., Chapa-Oliver, A. M., Millán-Almaraz, J. R., Guevara-González, R. G., Cortez-Baheza, E., Rangel-Cano, R. M., Ramírez-Pimentel, J. G., Cruz-Hernandez, A., Gueara-Olvera, L., Aguilera-Bibian, J. E., Hernández-Salazar, M. and Torres-Pacheco, I. 2015. CaLEA 73 gene from Capsicum annuum L. enhances drought and osmotic tolerance modulating transpiration rate in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 227–235. Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are an important group of proteins related to the protection of several kinds of abiotic stresses in plants. A LEA gene was cloned from Capsicum annuum seeds and named CaLEA73. This gene was expressed in C. annuum plants during several phenological stages as well as in cold stress and exogen ABA applications. The CaLEA73 gene was ectopically expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants in order to analyse its role under drought and salt stress. Our results displayed an increase in tolerance to drought and osmotic, but not under salt stress in the transgenic lines evaluated. Interestingly, proline levels in transgenic lines were not higher than azygous control plants, when the drought stress was evaluated. Transpiration levels in transgenic plants were lower than control, suggesting an improvement in water efficiency use in CaLEA73 transgenic lines. The stomatal density and index were significantly minor in transgenic plants in comparison to azygous control, likely indicating a reason of the minor transpiration in transgenic plants. Our results are discussed in the context of drought stress physiology aspects for crop improvement.

scholarly journals Overexpression of Cytosolic Ascorbate Peroxidase in Tomato Confers Tolerance to Chilling and Salt Stress

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yueju Wang ◽  
Michael Wisniewski ◽  
Richard Meilan ◽  
Minggang Cui ◽  
Robert Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Kanamycin Resistance ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Cytosolic Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Transgenic Lines

Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) plays an important role in the metabolism of hydrogen peroxide in higher plants, affording them protection against oxidative stress. We studied the effect of overexpressing a cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase (cAPX) gene—derived from pea (Pisum sativum L.)—in transgenic tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum L.). Transformants were selected in vitro using kanamycin resistance and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and northern analyses. An APX native-gel assay indicated that, in the absence of stress, APX activity in transgenic plants was several times greater than that measured in wild-type (WT) plants. Several independently transformed lines were propagated and evaluated for resistance to chilling and salt stress. After placing seeds at 9 °C for 5 weeks, percent germination was greater for seeds obtained from transgenic lines (26% to 37%) compared to the WT (3%). Plants from transgenic lines also had lower electrolyte leakage (20% to 23%) than WT (44%) after exposure to 4 °C. Visual assessment of transgenic and WT lines exposed to salinity stress (200 or 250 mm) confirmed that overexpression of APX minimized leaf damage. Moreover, APX activity was nearly 25- and 10-fold higher in the leaves of transgenic plants in response to chilling and salt stresses, respectively. Our results substantiate that increased levels of APX activity brought about by overexpression of a cytosolic APX gene may play an important role in ameliorating oxidative injury induced by chilling and salt stress.

scholarly journals PLATZ2 negatively regulates salt tolerance in Arabidopsis seedlings by directly suppressing the expression of the CBL4/SOS3 and CBL10/SCaBP8 genes

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (18) ◽  
pp. 5589-5602
Author(s):  
Shasha Liu ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
Miao Liu ◽  
Shizhong Zhang ◽  
Kang Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Salt Stress Response ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Plant Salt Tolerance

Abstract Although the salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway plays essential roles in conferring salt tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana, the regulatory mechanism underlying SOS gene expression remains largely unclear. In this study, AtPLATZ2 was found to function as a direct transcriptional suppressor of CBL4/SOS3 and CBL10/SCaBP8 in the Arabidopsis salt stress response. Compared with wild-type plants, transgenic plants constitutively overexpressing AtPLATZ2 exhibited increased sensitivity to salt stress. Loss of function of PLATZ2 had no observed salt stress phenotype in Arabidopsis, while the double mutant of PLATZ2 and PLATZ7 led to weaker salt stress tolerance than wild-type plants. Overexpression of AtPLATZ2 in transgenic plants decreased the expression of CBL4/SOS3 and CBL10/SCaBP8 under both normal and saline conditions. AtPLATZ2 directly bound to A/T-rich sequences in the CBL4/SOS3 and CBL10/SCaBP8 promoters in vitro and in vivo, and inhibited CBL4/SOS3 promoter activity in the plant leaves. The salt sensitivity of #11 plants constitutively overexpressing AtPLATZ2 was restored by the overexpression of CBL4/SOS3 and CBL10/SCaBP8. Salt stress-induced Na+ accumulation in both the shoots and roots was more exaggerated in AtPLATZ2-overexpressing plants than in the wild type. The salt stress-induced Na+ accumulation in #11 seedlings was also rescued by the overexpression of CBL4/SOS3 and CBL10/SCaBP8. Furthermore, the transcription of AtPLATZ2 was induced in response to salt stress. Collectively, these results suggest that AtPLATZ2 suppresses plant salt tolerance by directly inhibiting CBL4/SOS3 and CBL10/SCaBP8, and functions redundantly with PLATZ7.

Over-expression of the rice OsAMT1-1 gene increases ammonium uptake and content, but impairs growth and development of plants under high ammonium nutrition

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad S. Hoque ◽  
Josette Masle ◽  
Michael K. Udvardi ◽  
Peter R. Ryan ◽  
Narayana M. Upadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Ammonium Assimilation ◽  
Ammonium Transporter ◽  
Ammonium Uptake ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Ammonium Nutrition ◽  
Maize Ubiquitin Promoter

A transgenic approach was undertaken to investigate the role of a rice ammonium transporter (OsAMT1-1) in ammonium uptake and consequent ammonium assimilation under different nitrogen regimes. Transgenic lines overexpressing OsAMT1-1 were produced by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of two rice cultivars, Taipei 309 and Jarrah, with an OsAMT1-1 cDNA gene construct driven by the maize ubiquitin promoter. Transcript levels of OsAMT1-1 in both Taipei 309 and Jarrah transgenic lines correlated positively with transgene copy number. Shoot and root biomass of some transgenic lines decreased during seedling and early vegetative stage compared to the wild type, especially when grown under high (2 mm) ammonium nutrition. Transgenic plants, particularly those of cv. Jarrah recovered in the mid-vegetative stage under high ammonium nutrition. Roots of the transgenic plants showed increased ammonium uptake and ammonium content. We conclude that the decreased biomass of the transgenic lines at early stages of growth might be caused by the accumulation of ammonium in the roots owing to the inability of ammonium assimilation to match the greater ammonium uptake.

scholarly journals Exogenous Promoter Triggers APETALA3 Silencing through RNA-Directed DNA Methylation Pathway in Arabidopsis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 4478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benqi Wang ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Lei Chu ◽  
Xue Jing ◽  
Huadong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Plant Reproduction ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Abnormal Development ◽  
Class A ◽  
Methylation Pathway ◽  
Class B ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Morphological Defects

The development of floral organs plays a vital role in plant reproduction. In our research, the APETALA3 (AP3) promoter-transgenic lines showed abnormal developmental phenotypes in stamens and petals. The aim of this study is to understand the molecular mechanisms of the morphological defects in transgenic plants. By performing transgenic analysis, it was found that the AP3-promoted genes and the vector had no relation to the morphological defects. Then, we performed the expression analysis of the class A, B, and C genes. A dramatic reduction of transcript levels of class B genes (AP3 and PISTILLATA) was observed. Additionally, we also analyzed the methylation of the promoters of class B genes and found that the promoter of AP3 was hypermethylated. Furthermore, combining mutations in rdr2-2, drm1/2, and nrpd1b-11 with the AP3-silencing lines rescued the abnormal development of stamens and petals. The expression of AP3 was reactivated and the methylation level of AP3 promoter was also reduced in RdDM-defective AP3-silencing lines. Our results showed that the RdDM pathway contributed to the transcriptional silencing in the transgenic AP3-silencing lines. Moreover, the results revealed that fact that the exogenous fragment of a promoter could trigger the methylation of homologous endogenous sequences, which may be ubiquitous in transgenic plants.

scholarly journals RabA2b Overexpression Alters the Plasma-Membrane Proteome and Improves Drought Tolerance in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Ambastha ◽  
Ifat Matityahu ◽  
Dafna Tidhar ◽  
Yehoram Leshem
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Small Gtpases ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Rab Proteins ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Native Promoter ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Drought Resistant

Rab proteins are small GTPases that are important in the regulation of vesicle trafficking. Through data mining, we identified RabA2b to be stress responsive, though little is known about the involvement of RabA in plant responses to abiotic stresses. Analysis of the RabA2b native promoter showed strong activity during osmotic stress, which required the stress hormone Abscisic acid (ABA) and was restricted to the vasculature. Sequence analysis of the promoter region identified predicted binding motifs for several ABA-responsive transcription factors. We cloned RabA2b and overexpressed it in Arabidopsis. The resulting transgenic plants were strikingly drought resistant. The reduced water loss observed in detached leaves of the transgenic plants could not be explained by stomatal aperture or density, which was similar in all the genotypes. Subcellular localization studies detected strong colocalization between RabA2b and the plasma membrane (PM) marker PIP2. Further studies of the PM showed, for the first time, a distinguished alteration in the PM proteome as a result of RabA2b overexpression. Proteomic analysis of isolated PM fractions showed enrichment of stress-coping proteins as well as cell wall/cuticle modifiers in the transgenic lines. Finally, the cuticle permeability of transgenic leaves was significantly reduced compared to the wild type, suggesting that it plays a role in its drought resistant properties. Overall, these data provide new insights into the roles and modes of action of RabA2b during water stresses, and indicate that increased RabA2b mediated PM trafficking can affect the PM proteome and increase drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Effects of Salt Stress on Fruit Antioxidant Capacity of Wild (Solanum chilense) and Domesticated (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) Tomatoes

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1481
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Martínez ◽  
Raúl Fuentes ◽  
Karen Farías ◽  
Carolina Lizana ◽  
Juan Felipe Alfaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Tomato Species ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Solanum Chilense ◽  
The Impact

The effects of salt on the quality of fruits were investigated in order to compare the impact of salt on key fruit properties of the cultivated domesticated tomato species (Solanum lycopersicum) and its wild halophyte relative Solanum chilense. To this end, cherry tomato plants (S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) and from accession LA4107 (S. chilense) were maintained for 112 days in the absence or presence of NaCl (40 and 80 mM) in nutrient solution. Among others, salinity decreased fruit weight and increased total soluble solid (TSS) in S. lycopersicum but not in S. chilense. The fruit antioxidant capacity estimated by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) analysis was higher in S. chilense than in S. lycopersicum and increased in the former while it decreased in the latter in response to NaCl. Salinity increased the lycopene (LYC) content but decreased ß-carotene (b-CAR) concentration in the fruits of S. lycopersicum, while these compounds were not detected in the wild halophyte S. chilense. The oxidative status of salt-treated fruits was more tightly regulated in S. chilense than in S. lycopersicum. The two considered species, however, possess complementary properties and interspecific crosses may therefore be considered as a promising option for the improvement of salt-stress resistance in tomatoes.

Enhancing Biosynthesis of Flavonol Protective Biomaterials Using FLS Transgenic Plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Darin Dangrit ◽  
Kanokporn Sompornpailin
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Carotenoid Pigments ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Flavonoid Synthesis ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Tissue Culture Condition

Flavonol synthase (FLS) gene encodes an enzyme that is involved in conversion substrates into flavonols, quercetin and kaempferol. These substances are a subgroup of flavonoids which have an important role in both plant and human health. Many environmental factors such as temperature, pH and UV-A radiation have been studied and presented relationship with flavonoid synthesis. In this experiment, the combination of visible and UV-A lights was used as factors for elevating flavonoid biosynthesis of wild type (WT) plant and two lines of FLS transgenic plant under tissue culture condition. Both transgenic lines significantly enhanced the accumulation of quercetin and kaempferol substances nearly one fold higher than WT plant did. The photosynthetic pigment levels of chlorophyll A, chlorophyll B and carotenoid in transgenic lines are in the range 45.20-46.88, 16.34-17.04 and 13.63-13.46, while those of WT plants are 35.93, 13.18 and 10.55 (µg/g FW), respectively. Therefore, FLS transgenic plants containing high flavonol content showed a better in the protection photosynthetic pigments by less reductions of chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments.

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